With rapid advance of urbanization in China, both quantity and quality of farmland are gravely threatened, human-land conflict is growing, and the issue of grain security becomes more serious. Accordingly, practical and feasible protection of farmland has become one of core problems in China's land resource management. From theory, system, effective factors and measures and methods of farmland protection, this paper comprehensively analyzes research achievement and progress in farmland protection, in the hope of providing basis for further indepth research of farmland protection in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]