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Resumen: Introducción: Los avances tecnológicos continúan transformando la sociedad, incluyendo el sector de la salud. La naturaleza descentralizada y verificable de la tecnología blockchain presenta un gran potencial para abordar desafíos actuales en la gestión de datos sanitarios. Discusión: Este artículo indaga sobre cómo la adopción generalizada de blockchain se enfrenta a importantes desafíos y barreras que deben abordarse, como la falta de regulación, la complejidad técnica, la salvaguarda de la privacidad y los costos tanto económicos como tecnológicos. La colaboración entre profesionales médicos, tecnólogos y legisladores es esencial para establecer un marco normativo sólido y una capacitación adecuada. Conclusión: La tecnología blockchain tiene potencial de revolucionar la gestión de datos en el sector de la salud, mejorando la calidad de la atención médica, empoderando a los usuarios y fomentando la compartición segura de datos. Es necesario un cambio cultural y regulatorio, junto a más evidencia, para concluir sus ventajas frente a las alternativas tecnológicas existentes. Abstract: Introduction: Technological advances continue to transform society, including the health sector. The decentralized and verifiable nature of blockchain technology presents great potential for addressing current challenges in healthcare data management. Discussion: This article reports on how the generalized adoption of blockchain faces important challenges and barriers that must be addressed, such as the lack of regulation, technical complexity, safeguarding privacy, and economic and technological costs. Collaboration between medical professionals, technologists and legislators is essential to establish a solid regulatory framework and adequate training. Conclusion: Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize data management in the healthcare sector, improving the quality of medical care, empowering users, and promoting the secure sharing of data, but an important cultural change is needed, along with more evidence, to reveal its advantages in front of the existing technological alternative.

Introduction: Technological advances continue to transform society, including the health sector. The decentralized and verifiable nature of blockchain technology presents great potential for addressing current challenges in healthcare data management., Discussion: This article reports on how the generalized adoption of blockchain faces important challenges and barriers that must be addressed, such as the lack of regulation, technical complexity, safeguarding privacy, and economic and technological costs. Collaboration between medical professionals, technologists and legislators is essential to establish a solid regulatory framework and adequate training., Conclusion: Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize data management in the healthcare sector, improving the quality of medical care, empowering users, and promoting the secure sharing of data, but an important cultural change is needed, along with more evidence, to reveal its advantages in front of the existing technological alternative., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España S.L.U. All rights reserved.)