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Excess inputs of reactive nitrogen can adversely affect terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, particularly in sensitive ecosystems found at high elevations. Grand Teton National Park is home to such sensitive natural areas and is in proximity to potentially large reactive nitrogen sources. The Grand Teton Reactive Nitrogen Deposition Study (GrandTReNDS) was conducted in springesummer 2011, with the aim of better understanding sources of reactive nitrogen influencing the region, spatial and temporal variability of reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere, and current levels of nitrogen deposition. Overall, NOy was determined to be the most abundant class of ambient gas phase reactive nitrogen compounds, and ammonia was determined to be the most abundant individual nitrogen species. NOx ,N O y and NH3 concentrations all showed a diel cycle, with maximum concentrations during the day and minimum concentrations at night. This pattern appeared to be driven, in part, by mountain-valley circulation as well as long range transport, which brought air to the site from anthropogenic sources in the Snake River Valley and northern Utah. In addition to the nitrogen sources noted above, we found elevated concentrations of all measured nitrogen species during periods impacted by biomass burning. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

During the Rocky Mountain Airborne Nitrogen and Sulfur (RoMANS) study, conducted during the spring and summer of 2006, a suite of instruments located near the eastern boundary of Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) measured aerosol physical, chemical and optical properties. Three instruments, a differential mobility particle sizer (DMPS), an optical particle counter (OPC), and an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS), measured aerosol size distributions. Aerosols were sampled by an Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) sampler and a URG denuder/filter-pack system for compositional analysis. An Optec integrating nephelometer measured aerosol light scattering. The spring time period had lower aerosol concentrations, with an average volume concentration of 2.2 ± 2.6 μm 3 cm −3 compared to 6.5 ± 3.9 μm 3 cm −3 in the summer. During the spring, soil was the single largest constituent of PM 2.5 mass, accounting for 32%. During the summer, organic carbon accounted for 60% of the PM 2.5 mass. Sulfates and nitrates had higher fractional contributions in the spring than the summer. Variability in aerosol number and volume concentrations and in composition was greater in the spring than in the summer, reflecting differing meteorological conditions. Aerosol scattering coefficients ( b sp ) measured by the nephelometer compared well with those calculated from Mie theory using size distributions, composition data and modeled RH dependent water contents.