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The construction of floating nuclear power plants began in the interests of supplying energy in remote far-north and far-east regions in our country which are difficult to reach. A predictive assessment of radiological and radioecological consequences of operating such plants is extremely urgent. The problem is examined on the basis of the effects of a floating nuclear power plant on plant workers, the public, and the environment that have been determined by a computational method at the design stage as well as on the basis of generalization and analysis of experience gained in operating nuclear powered ships under the difficult climatic conditions in the Far North and Far East over the last 45 years.

The normative-legal documents pertaining to the field investigated are analyzed. It is noted that they correspond to the generally acknowledged approaches to ensuring nuclear and radiation safety. The inconsistencies between different forms of regulation are investigated. The changes in the normative-legal regulation and ensuring safety made in connection with the introduction of the law “On technical regulation” are examined. The discrepancies between the different parts of the federal legislation are indicated, and the importance of constant monitoring of the normative legal base for complete salvaging of nuclear-powered submarines is noted.

The results of investigations of the safety validation of an underground regional burial site in the northern region of our country as part of the TACIS project are presented. The methodological approaches are described, and the initial data on the activity level of ecologically significant radionuclides and models of the burial site (near and far fields, biosphere) are presented. The results of numerical experiments are discussed. These experiments made it possible to draw a preliminary conclusion about the acceptibility of the sites considered for burying wastes and the preferred site Dal’nie Zelentsy, located at the center of the Murmansk geological block.

The basic problems of salvaging the Lepse tender of the Murmansk Shipping Company are examined. The main sources of nuclear and radiation danger are determined, the characteristics of their structural features which prevent the appearance of a spontaneous reaction are given, the consequences of long-time storage of spent fuel assemblies are described, and different variants of their removal from storage are proposed. A computational validation of the required degree of subcriticality of the spent nculear fuel and an assessment of possible accidents, including accidents accompanying sinking of the vessel at its permanent base, are given. The salvaging steps are described, the bottlenecks are determined, schemes for handling the vessel are validated, and the radiation load on the workers is estimated.