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Based on the requirements of regulation ECE R66, a finite element (FE) model for bus body section is built with its simulation accuracy verified by test, and the rollover process and structural deformation of bus are analyzed. On this basis a FE model for body section with occupants is then constructed to investigate the motion path, injury status and their evaluation of occupants at different positions with and without safety belt worn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to predict and evaluate the human head fractures and brain damage caused by rotational acceleration in car crashes, both geometric and finite element (FE) models for human head having Chinese body features are established and verified based on the CT scanning on a 50 percentile Chinese male volunteer. The comparison of the results of simulation on FE model in terms of kinematic and dynamic responses with those of experiment in this paper as well as Nahum's and Trosseille's classical experiments show that their intracranial pressure distributions all assume a coup-contrecoup pressure gradient distribution mode and their peak pressures agree well with each other. These demonstrate the high biofidelity of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a hat-shape reinforcement beam for the cross member of a SUV as an example, the effects of stamping forming-caused changes in material properties on its crashworthiness is studied. Taking forming factors into consideration with the plastic strain and thickness unevenness as the initial conditions of crash analysis, a simulation on structural crashworthiness is conducted and compared with the results of conventional crash simulation and tests. The results show that work hardening raises the stiffness of structure and may cause change in its deformation mode; and thickness unevenness has great influence on the deformation and energy absorption of structure. Hence the forming factors should be introduced into impact simulation for improve its accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]