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The objective of this paper is to analyze the advantages of silvopastoral systems in animal feeding due to their potential, their high nutritional value, as well as because of the results obtained in the contribution to the adaptation and mitigation of the climate change. In this sense, the performance of the following important indicators is mentioned: soil care and action of the edaphic biota, management of plant genetic resources with diversity and functionality, pest and disease integrated management and efficient water management, carbon sequestration, effect of the foliage of different species on the metanogenic bacteria in ruminants, the importance of milk composition and its derivatives; in addition, the combination food-energy production, as contribution to the adaptation and mitigation, is analyzed. In farms that integrate agriculture and livestock production, the development of systems including trees in grazing, either for forage or for energy production (forage ligneous plants and biofuel producing plants, due to their importance in the energy subsystem within the supply chain) means a challenge for food selfsufficiency, to regulate the solar energy that has incidence on the soil surface, with a protective effect on the system's temperature, in areas which were previously dedicated only to milk and meat production or to agricultural crops. With these practices, the investment in imports is lower, allowing higher technical productive, economic, social and environmental efficiency to the productive scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]