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In this paper, we investigate a class of bilevel programming problems (BLPP) in the framework of Euclidean space. We derive relationships among the solutions of approximate Minty-type variational inequalities (AMTVI), approximate Stampacchia-type variational inequalities (ASTVI), and local ϵ -quasi solutions of the BLPP, under generalized approximate convexity assumptions, via limiting subdifferentials. Moreover, by employing the generalized Knaster–Kuratowski–Mazurkiewicz (KKM)-Fan's lemma, we derive some existence results for the solutions of AMTVI and ASTVI. We have furnished suitable, non-trivial, illustrative examples to demonstrate the importance of the established results. To the best of our knowledge, there is no research paper available in the literature that explores relationships between the approximate variational inequalities and BLPP under the assumptions of generalized approximate convexity by employing the powerful tool of limiting subdifferentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A previously introduced operator defined by applying the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral to the convex combination of well-known Ruscheweyh and Salagean differential operators is used for defining a new fuzzy subclass. The authors suggest that the operator introduced here can be utilized to define other classes of analytic functions or to generalize other types of differential operators. The new operator defined in this paper can be used to introduce other specific subclasses of analytic functions, and quantum calculus can be also investigated in future studies. The fractional differential operator and the Mittag-Leffler functions are combined to formulate and arrange a new operator of fractional calculus. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, we find sufficient conditions to be imposed on the parameters of a class of functions related to the Barnes–Mittag-Leffler function that allow us to conclude that it possesses certain geometric properties (such as starlikeness, uniformly starlike (convex), strongly starlike (convex), convexity, and close-to-convexity) in the unit disk. The key tools in some of our proofs are the monotonicity properties of a certain class of functions related to the gamma function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the widespread application of spatial data in fields like econometrics and geographic information science, the methods to enhance the robustness of spatial econometric model estimation and variable selection have become a central focus of research. In the context of the spatial error model (SEM), this paper introduces a variable selection method based on exponential square loss and the adaptive lasso penalty. Due to the non-convex and non-differentiable nature of this proposed method, convex programming is not applicable for its solution. We develop a block coordinate descent algorithm, decompose the exponential square component into the difference of two convex functions, and utilize the CCCP algorithm in combination with parabolic interpolation for optimizing problem-solving. Numerical simulations demonstrate that neglecting the spatial effects of error terms can lead to reduced accuracy in selecting zero coefficients in SEM. The proposed method demonstrates robustness even when noise is present in the observed values and when the spatial weights matrix is inaccurate. Finally, we apply the model to the Boston housing dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mathematical analysis, the q-analogue of a function refers to a modified version of the function that is derived from q-series expansions. This paper is focused on the q-analogue of the exponential function and investigates a class of convex functions associated with it. The main objective is to derive precise inequalities that bound the coefficients of these convex functions. In this research, the initial coefficient bounds, Fekete–Szegő problem, second and third Hankel determinant have been determined. These coefficient bounds provide valuable information about the behavior and properties of the functions within the considered class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sanford S. Miller and Petru T. Mocanu's theory of second-order differential subordinations was extended for the case of third-order differential subordinations by José A. Antonino and Sanford S. Miller in 2011. In this paper, new results are proved regarding third-order differential subordinations that extend the ones involving the classical second-order differential subordination theory. A method for finding a dominant of a third-order differential subordination is provided when the behavior of the function is not known on the boundary of the unit disc. Additionally, a new method for obtaining the best dominant of a third-order differential subordination is presented. This newly proposed method essentially consists of finding the univalent solution for the differential equation that corresponds to the differential subordination considered in the investigation; previous results involving third-order differential subordinations have been obtained mainly by investigating specific classes of admissible functions. The fractional integral of the Gaussian hypergeometric function, previously associated with the theory of fuzzy differential subordination, is used in this paper to obtain an interesting third-order differential subordination by involving a specific convex function. The best dominant is also provided, and the example presented proves the importance of the theoretical results involving the fractional integral of the Gaussian hypergeometric function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new Modified Meta-Heuristic algorithm is proposed. This method contains some modifications to improve the performance of the simulated-annealing algorithm (SA). Most authors who deal with improving the SA algorithm presented some improvements and modifications to one or more of the five standard features of the SA algorithm. In this paper, we improve the SA algorithm by presenting some suggestions and modifications to all five standard features of the SA algorithm. Through these suggestions and modifications, we obtained a new algorithm that finds the approximate solution to the global minimum of a non-convex function. The new algorithm contains novel parameters, which are updated at each iteration. Therefore, the variety and alternatives in choosing these parameters demonstrated a noticeable impact on the performance of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, it has multiple formulas by which the candidate solutions are generated. Diversity in these formulas helped the proposed algorithm to escape a local point while finding the global minimizer of a non-convex function. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is reported through extensive numerical experiments on some well-known test problems. The performance profiles are used to evaluate and compare the performance of our proposed algorithm against the other five meta-heuristic algorithms. The comparison results between the performance of our suggested algorithm and the other five algorithms indicate that the proposed algorithm is competitive with, and in all cases superior to, the five algorithms in terms of the efficiency, reliability, and effectiveness for finding the global minimizers of non-convex functions. This superiority of the new proposed algorithm is due to those five modified standard features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce a series of definitions of generalized affine functions for vector-valued functions by use of "linear set". We prove that our generalized affine functions have some similar properties to generalized convex functions. We present examples to show that our generalized affinenesses are different from one another, and also provide an example to show that our definition of presubaffinelikeness is non-trivial; presubaffinelikeness is the weakest generalized affineness introduced in this article. We work with optimization problems that are defined and taking values in linear topological spaces. We devote to the study of constraint qualifications, and derive some optimality conditions as well as a strong duality theorem. Our optimization problems have inequality constraints, equality constraints, and abstract constraints; our inequality constraints are generalized convex functions and equality constraints are generalized affine functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider some relations related to the representations of starlike and convex functions, and obtain some sufficient conditions for starlike and convex functions by using the theory of differential subordination. Actually, we generalize a result by Suffridge for analytic functions with missing coefficients and then we apply that generalization for obtaining the different methods to the implications of starlike or convex functions. Our results generalize and improve the previous results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes several new inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type for | f ′ | q being convex for some fixed q ∈ (0 , 1 ] . As application, some error estimates on special means of real numbers are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish a new auxiliary identity of the Bullen type for twice-differentiable functions in terms of fractional integral operators. Based on this new identity, some generalized Bullen-type inequalities are obtained by employing convexity properties. Concrete examples are given to illustrate the results, and the correctness is confirmed by graphical analysis. An analysis is provided on the estimations of bounds. According to calculations, improved Hölder and power mean inequalities give better upper-bound results than classical inequalities. Lastly, some applications to quadrature rules, modified Bessel functions and digamma functions are provided as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we present new variants of the Hermite–Hadamard inequality via non-conformable fractional integrals. These inequalities are proven for convex functions and differentiable functions whose derivatives in absolute value are generally convex. Our main results are established using the classical Jensen–Mercer inequality and its variants for (h , m) -convex modified functions proven in this paper. In addition to showing that our results support previously known results from the literature, we provide examples of their application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zadeh's fuzzy set theory offers a logical, adaptable solution to the challenge of defining, assessing and contrasting various sustainability scenarios. The results presented in this paper use the fuzzy set concept embedded into the theories of differential subordination and superordination established and developed in geometric function theory. As an extension of the classical concept of differential subordination, fuzzy differential subordination was first introduced in geometric function theory in 2011. In order to generalize the idea of fuzzy differential superordination, the dual notion of fuzzy differential superordination was developed later, in 2017. The two dual concepts are applied in this article making use of the previously introduced operator defined as the convolution product of the generalized Sălgean operator and the Ruscheweyh derivative. Using this operator, a new subclass of functions, normalized analytic in U, is defined and investigated. It is proved that this class is convex, and new fuzzy differential subordinations are established by applying known lemmas and using the functions from the new class and the aforementioned operator. When possible, the fuzzy best dominants are also indicated for the fuzzy differential subordinations. Furthermore, dual results involving the theory of fuzzy differential superordinations and the convolution operator are established for which the best subordinants are also given. Certain corollaries obtained by using particular convex functions as fuzzy best dominants or fuzzy best subordinants in the proved theorems and the numerous examples constructed both for the fuzzy differential subordinations and for the fuzzy differential superordinations prove the applicability of the new theoretical results presented in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hermite–Hadamard inequality is a double inequality that provides an upper and lower bounds of the mean (integral) of a convex function over a certain interval. Moreover, the convexity of a function can be characterized by each of the two sides of this inequality. On the other hand, it is well known that a twice differentiable function is convex, if and only if it admits a nonnegative second-order derivative. In this paper, we obtain a characterization of a class of twice differentiable functions (including the class of convex functions) satisfying second-order differential inequalities. Some special cases are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a q-analog of the class of completely convex functions. We prove specific properties, including that q-completely convex functions have convergent q-Lidstone series expansions. We also provide a sufficient and necessary condition for a real function to have an absolutely convergent q-Lidstone series expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide different variants of the Hermite–Hadamard ( H ⋅ H ) inequality using the concept of a new class of convex mappings, which is referred to as up and down harmonically s -convex fuzzy-number-valued functions ( U D H   s -convex F N V M ) in the second sense based on the up and down fuzzy inclusion relation. The findings are confirmed with certain numerical calculations that take a few appropriate examples into account. The results deal with various integrals of the 2 ρ σ ρ + σ type and are innovative in the setting of up and down harmonically s -convex fuzzy-number-valued functions. Moreover, we acquire classical and new exceptional cases that can be seen as applications of our main outcomes. In our opinion, this will make a significant contribution to encouraging more research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a generalization of a geodesic function, this paper introduces the notion of the geodesic φ E -convex function. Some properties of the φ E -convex function and geodesic φ E -convex function are established. The concepts of a geodesic φ E -convex set and φ E -epigraph are also given. The characterization of geodesic φ E -convex functions in terms of their φ E -epigraphs, are also obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is the purpose of this paper to propose a novel class of convex functions associated with strong η -convexity. A relationship between the newly defined function and an earlier generalized class of convex functions is hereby established. To point out the importance of the new class of functions, some examples are presented. Additionally, the famous Hermite–Hadamard inequality is derived for this generalized family of convex functions. Furthermore, some inequalities and results for strong η -convex function are also derived. We anticipate that this new class of convex functions will open the research door to more investigations in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research in this paper aims to explore the concept of generalized exponentially ( s , m )-convex functions, and to determine some properties of these functions. In addition, we look at some interactions between generalized exponentially ( s , m )-convex functions and local fractional integrals. The properties of the generalized new special cases of ( s , m )-convex functions, s-convex functions, and also generalized m-convex functions are impressive. We derive some inequalities of Hadamard's type for generalized exponentially ( s , m )-convex functions, and give applications in probability density functions and generalized special methods to attest to the applicability and efficiency of the method under consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we first establish two quantum integral (q-integral) identities with the help of derivatives and integrals of the quantum types. Then, we prove some new q-midpoint and q-trapezoidal estimates for the newly established q-Hermite-Hadamard inequality (involving left and right integrals proved by Bermudo et al.) under q-differentiable convex functions. Finally, we provide some examples to illustrate the validity of newly obtained quantum inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vertex-degree function index  H f (Γ) is defined as H f (Γ) = ∑ v ∈ V (Γ) f (d (v)) for a function f (x) defined on non-negative real numbers. In this paper, we determine the extremal graphs with the maximum (minimum) vertex degree function index in the set of all n-vertex chemical trees, trees, and connected graphs. We also present the Nordhaus–Gaddum-type results for H f (Γ) + H f (Γ ¯) and H f (Γ) · H f (Γ ¯) . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce a new class of analytic functions subordinated by functions which is not Carathéodory. We have obtained some interesting subordination properties, inclusion and integral representation of the defined function class. Several corollaries are presented to highlight the applications of our main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the current paper is to incorporate the new class and concepts of convexity and Hermite–Hadamard inequality with the fuzzy Riemann integral operators because almost all classical single-valued and interval-valued convex functions are special cases of fuzzy-number valued convex mappings. Therefore, a new class of nonconvex mapping in the fuzzy environment has been defined; up and down h -pre-invex fuzzy-number valued mappings (U.D  h -pre-invex F-N∙V∙Ms). With the help of this newly defined class, some new versions of Hermite–Hadamard (HH) type inequalities have been also presented. Moreover, some related inequalities such as HH Fejér- and Pachpatte-type inequalities for U∙D  h -pre-invex F-N∙V∙Ms are also introduced. Some exceptional cases have been discussed, which can be seen as applications of the main results. We have provided some nontrivial examples. Finally, we also discuss some future scopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integral inequalities have accumulated a comprehensive and prolific field of research within mathematical interpretations. In recent times, strategies of fractional calculus have become the subject of intensive research in historical and contemporary generations because of their applications in various branches of science. In this paper, we concentrate on establishing Hermite–Hadamard and Pachpatte-type integral inequalities with the aid of two different fractional operators. In particular, we acknowledge the critical Hermite–Hadamard and related inequalities for n-polynomial s-type convex functions and n-polynomial s-type harmonically convex functions. We practice these inequalities to consider the Caputo–Fabrizio and the k-Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. Several special cases of our main results are also presented in the form of corollaries and remarks. Our study offers a better perception of integral inequalities involving fractional operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this article is to introduce a new notion of convexity, i.e., modified exponential type convex function, and establish related fractional inequalities. To strengthen the argument of the paper, we introduce two new lemmas as auxiliary results and discuss some algebraic properties of the proposed notion. Considering a generalized fractional integral operator and differentiable mappings, whose initial absolute derivative at a given power is a modified exponential type convex, various improvements of the Hermite–Hadamard inequality are presented. Thanks to the main results, some generalizations about the earlier findings in the literature are recovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We determine in this paper new results about the radius of uniform convexity of two kinds of normalization of the Bessel function J ν in the case ν ∈ (− 2 , − 1) , and provide an alternative proof regarding the radius of convexity of order alpha. We then compare results regarding the convexity and uniform convexity of the considered functions and determine interesting connections between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The logarithmic coefficients are very essential in the problems of univalent functions theory. The importance of the logarithmic coefficients is due to the fact that the bounds on logarithmic coefficients of f can transfer to the Taylor coefficients of univalent functions themselves or to their powers, via the Lebedev–Milin inequalities; therefore, it is interesting to investigate the Hankel determinant whose entries are logarithmic coefficients. The main purpose of this paper is to obtain the sharp bounds for the second Hankel determinant of logarithmic coefficients of strongly starlike functions and strongly convex functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we extend some Steffensen-type inequalities to time scales by using the diamond- α -dynamic integral. Further, we prove some new Steffensen-type inequalities for convex functions utilizing positive σ -finite measures in time scale calculus. Moreover, as a special case, we obtain these inequalities for the delta and the nabla integral. By using the relation between calculus on time scales T and differential calculus on R , we obtain already-known Steffensen-type inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the research presented in this paper, confluent hypergeometric function is embedded in the theory of strong differential superordinations. In order to proceed with the study, the form of the confluent hypergeometric function is adapted taking into consideration certain classes of analytic functions depending on an extra parameter previously introduced related to the theory of strong differential subordination and superordination. Operators previously defined using confluent hypergeometric function, namely Kummer–Bernardi and Kummer–Libera integral operators, are also adapted to those classes and strong differential superordinations are obtained for which they are the best subordinants. Similar results are obtained regarding the derivatives of the operators. The examples presented at the end of the study are proof of the applicability of the original results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an integral identity is given in order to present some Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer-type inequalities for functions whose powers of the absolute values of the third derivatives are convex. Several consequences and three applications to special means are given, as well as four examples with graphics which illustrate the validity of the results. Moreover, several Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer-type inequalities for fractional integrals for functions whose powers of the absolute values of the third derivatives are convex are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we develop some Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér type inequalities for n-times differentiable functions whose absolute values of n -th derivatives are (α , m) -convex function. The results obtained in this paper are extensions and generalizations of the existing ones. As a special case, the generalization of the remainder term of the midpoint and trapezoidal quadrature formulas are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we discuss several novel generalized Ostrowski-type inequalities for functions whose derivative module is relatively convex in time scales calculus. Our core findings are proved by using the integration by parts technique, Hölder's inequality, and the chain rule on time scales. These derived inequalities expand the existing literature, enriching specific integral inequalities within this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The asymptotic behavior of resolvents of a proper convex lower semicontinuous function is studied in the various settings of spaces. In this paper, we consider the asymptotic behavior of the resolvents of a sequence of functions defined in a complete geodesic space. To obtain the result, we assume the Mosco convergence of the sets of minimizers of these functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work uses a mixture theory approach to describe kinematically constrained flows through porous media using an adequate constitutive relation for pressure that preserves the problem hyperbolicity even when the flow becomes saturated. This feature allows using the same mathematical tool for handling unsaturated and saturated flows. The mechanical model can represent the saturated–unsaturated transition and vice-versa. The constitutive relation for pressure is a continuous and differentiable function of saturation: an increasing function with a strictly convex, increasing, and positive first derivative. This significant characteristic permits the fluid to establish a tiny controlled supersaturation of the porous matrix. The associated Riemann problem's complete solution is addressed in detail, with explicit expressions for the Riemann invariants. Glimm's semi-analytical scheme advances from a given instant to a subsequent one, employing the associated Riemann problem solution for each two consecutive time steps. The simulations employ a variation in Glimm's scheme, which uses the mean of four independent sequences for each considered time, ensuring computational solutions with reliable positions of rarefaction and shock waves. The results permit verifying this significant characteristic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractional calculus has been a concept used to acquire new variants of some well-known integral inequalities. In this study, our primary goal is to develop majorized fractional Simpson's type estimates by employing a differentiable function. Practicing majorization theory, we formulate a new auxiliary identity by utilizing fractional integral operators. In order to obtain new bounds, we employ the idea of convex functions on the Niezgoda–Jensen–Mercer inequality for majorized tuples, along with some fundamental inequalities including the Hölder, power mean, and Young inequalities. Some applications to the quadrature rule and examples for special functions are provided as well. Interestingly, the main findings are the generalizations of many known results in the existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For all convex functions, the Hermite–Hadamard inequality is already well known in convex analysis. In this regard, Hermite–Hadamard and Ostrowski type inequalities were obtained using exponential type convex functions in this work. In addition, new generalizations were found for different values of θ. In conclusion, we believe that our work's technique will inspire more study in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of convexity plays an important role in various branches of science and engineering. The objective of this paper is to introduce a new notion of preinvex functions by unifying the n-polynomial preinvex function with the s-type m–preinvex function and to present inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type in the setting of the generalized s-type m–preinvex function. First, we give the definition and then investigate some of its algebraic properties and examples. We also present some refinements of the Hermite–Hadamard-type inequality using Hölder's integral inequality, the improved power-mean integral inequality, and the Hölder-İşcan integral inequality. Finally, some results for special means are deduced. The results established in this paper can be considered as the generalization of many published results of inequalities and convexity theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a familiar fact that interval analysis provides tools to deal with data uncertainty. In general, interval analysis is typically used to deal with the models whose data are composed of inaccuracies that may occur from certain kinds of measurements. In interval analysis, both the inclusion relation (⊆) and pseudo order relation (≤ p) are two different concepts. In this article, by using pseudo order relation, we introduce the new class of nonconvex functions known as LR- p -convex interval-valued functions (LR- p -convex-IVFs). With the help of this relation, we establish a strong relationship between LR- p -convex-IVFs and Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities (HH-type inequalities) via Katugampola fractional integral operator. Moreover, we have shown that our results include a wide class of new and known inequalities for LR- p -convex-IVFs and their variant forms as special cases. Useful examples that demonstrate the applicability of the theory proposed in this study are given. The concepts and techniques of this paper may be a starting point for further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, with the help of two known integral identities and by virtue of the classical Hölder integral inequality, the authors establish several new integral inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type for convex functions. These newly established inequalities generalize some known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to obtain inequalities containing the unified Mittag–Leffler function which give bounds of integral operators for a generalized convexity. These findings provide generalizations and refinements of many inequalities. By setting values of monotone functions, it is possible to reproduce results for classical convexities. The Hadamard-type inequalities for several classes related to convex functions are identified in remarks, and some of them are also presented in last section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we apply Hölder's inequality, Jensen's inequality, chain rule and the properties of convex functions and submultiplicative functions to develop an innovative category of dynamic Hardy-type inequalities on time scales delta calculus. A time scale, denoted by T , is any closed nonempty subset of R. In time scale calculus, results are unified and extended. As particular cases of our findings (when T = R ), we have the continuous analogues of inequalities established in some the literature. Furthermore, we can find other inequalities in different time scales, such as T = N , which, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is a largely novel conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of the results on the fractional Fejér-type inequalities, associated with different families of convexities and different kinds of fractional integrals, is presented. In the numerous families of convexities, it includes classical convex functions, s-convex functions, quasi-convex functions, strongly convex functions, harmonically convex functions, harmonically quasi-convex functions, quasi-geometrically convex functions, p-convex functions, convexity with respect to strictly monotone function, co-ordinated-convex functions, (θ , h − m) − p -convex functions, and h-preinvex functions. Included in the fractional integral operators are Riemann–Liouville fractional integral, (k − p) -Riemann–Liouville, k-Riemann–Liouville fractional integral, Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals with respect to another function, the weighted fractional integrals of a function with respect to another function, fractional integral operators with the exponential kernel, Hadamard fractional integral, Raina fractional integral operator, conformable integrals, non-conformable fractional integral, and Katugampola fractional integral. Finally, Fejér-type fractional integral inequalities for invex functions and (p , q) -calculus are also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we defined a new class of λ -pseudo-Bazilevič functions of complex order using subordination. Various classes of analytic functions that map unit discs onto a conic domain and some classes of special functions were studied in dual. Some subordination results, inequalities for the initial Taylor–Maclaurin coefficients and the unified solution of the Fekete–Szegő problem for subclasses of analytic functions related to various conic regions, are our main results. Our main results have many applications which are presented in the form of corollaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We find the sharp radius of uniformly convex γ -spirallikeness for N ν (z) = a z 2 J ν ″ (z) + b z J ν ′ (z) + c J ν (z) (here J ν (z) is the Bessel function of the first kind of order ν) with three different kinds of normalizations of the function N ν (z) . As an application, we derive sufficient conditions on the parameters for the functions to be uniformly convex γ -spirallikeness and, consequently, generate examples of uniform convex γ -spirallike via N ν (z) . Results are well-supported by the relevant graphs and tables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, we introduce a new class of meromorphic functions defined in the punctured unit disk Δ * : = { ϑ ∈ C : 0 < | ϑ | < 1 } by making use of the Erdély–Kober operator I ς , ϱ τ , κ which unifies well-known classes of the meromorphic uniformly convex function with positive coefficients. Coefficient inequalities, growth and distortion inequalities, in addition to closure properties are acquired. We also set up a few outcomes concerning convolution and the partial sums of meromorphic functions in this new class. We additionally state some new subclasses and its characteristic houses through specializing the parameters that are new and no longer studied in association with the Erdély–Kober operator thus far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors analyse and study some recent publications about integral inequalities related to generalized convex functions of several variables and the use of extended fractional integrals. In particular, they establish a new Hermite–Hadamard inequality for generalized coordinate ϕ -convex functions via an extension of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Furthermore, an interesting identity for functions with two variables is obtained, and with the use of it, some new extensions of trapezium-type inequalities using Raina's special function via generalized coordinate ϕ -convex functions are developed. Various special cases have been studied. At the end, a brief conclusion is given as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let the class of functions of f (z) of the form f (z) = z + ∑ k = 2 ∞ a k z k , which are denoted by A and called analytic functions in the open-unit disk. There are many interesting properties of the functions f (z) in the class A concerning the subordinations. Applying the three lemmas for f (z) ∈ A provided by Miller and Mocanu and by Nunokawa, we consider many interesting properties of f (z) ∈ A with subordinations. Furthermore, we provide simple examples for our results. We think it is very important to consider examples of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to elaborate and define the idea of refined convex function of the Raina type. In addition, we have attained some associated properties in the manner of the newly introduced idea. To add some more comprehension into the newly investigated definition, we obtain the estimations of the Hermite-Hadamard inequality. For the reader's interest, we add some remarks regarding the Mittag-Leffer function. During the last four decades, the term Mitag-Leffler function has acquired popularity on account of its many importance in the fields of engineering and science, i.e statistical distribution theory, rheology, electric networks, fluid flow, and probability. The amazing perception regarding this function provides the solution of certain boundary value problems. The asymptotic status of this function plays a very vital performance in various problems of physics associated with fractional calculus. The methodology and amazing tools of this work may serve as an impetus for further research activities in this direction as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the transmission dynamical model of the deadly infectious disease named Ebola is investigated. This disease identified in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Sudan (now South Sudan) and was identified in 1976. The novelty of the model under discussion is the inclusion of advection and diffusion in each compartmental equation. The addition of these two terms makes the model more general. Similar to a simple population dynamic system, the prescribed model also has two equilibrium points and an important threshold, known as the basic reproductive number. The current work comprises the existence and uniqueness of the solution, the numerical analysis of the model, and finally, the graphical simulations. In the section on the existence and uniqueness of the solutions, the optimal existence is assessed in a closed and convex subset of function space. For the numerical study, a nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) scheme is adopted to approximate the solution of the continuous mathematical model. The main reason for the adoption of this technique is delineated in the form of the positivity of the state variables, which is necessary for any population model. The positivity of the applied scheme is verified by the concept of M-matrices. Since the numerical method gives a discrete system of difference equations corresponding to a continuous system, some other relevant properties are also needed to describe it. In this respect, the consistency and stability of the designed technique are corroborated by using Taylor's series expansion and Von Neumann's stability criteria, respectively. To authenticate the proposed NSFD method, two other illustrious techniques are applied for the sake of comparison. In the end, numerical simulations are also performed that show the efficiency of the prescribed technique, while the existing techniques fail to do so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convexity performs the appropriate role in the theoretical study of inequalities according to the nature and behaviour. There is a strong relation between symmetry and convexity. In this article, we consider a new parameterized quantum fractional integral identity. Following that, our main results are established, which consist of some integral inequalities of Ostrowski and midpoint type pertaining to n-polynomial convex functions. From our main results, we discuss in detail several special cases. Finally, an example and an application to special means of positive real numbers are presented to support our theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]