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The article presents new findings of research about bovine immunology. These new findings may be used as basis in designing better vaccines that strategically target the needed response to the situation and management. According to Jim Roth, a professor at the Iowa State University, the role of T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 responses are critical to controlling different types of infections.

The article provides tips in measuring cell-mediated immunity in bovine medicine. Mark Hardesty, a medical practitioner, believes that taking time to write down the instruction for measuring cell-mediated immunity is necessary instead of the common interaction between veterinarians and ranchers. On the other hand, Breck Hunsaker, a working beef feedlot practitioner, insist on the importance of preconditioning calves to maintain good nutrition.