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Thrombosis associated with implants can severely impact therapeutic outcomes and lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, developing blood-contacting materials with superior anticoagulant properties is essential to prevent and mitigate device-related thrombosis. Herein, we propose a novel single-molecule multi-functional strategy for creating blood-compatible surfaces. The synthesized azide-modified Cu-DOTA-(Lys) 3 molecule, which possesses both NO release and fibrinolysis functions, was immobilized on material surfaces via click chemistry. Due to the specificity, rapidity, and completeness of click chemistry, the firmly grafted Cu-DOTA-(Lys) 3 endows the modified material with excellent antithrombotic properties of vascular endothelium and thrombolytic properties of fibrinolytic system. This surface effectively prevented thrombus formation in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, owing to the synergistic effect of anticoagulation and thrombolysis. Moreover, the modified material maintained its functional efficacy after one month of PBS immersion, demonstrating excellent stability. Overall, this single-molecule multifunctional strategy may become a promising surface engineering technique for blood-contacting materials., Competing Interests: Zhilu Yang is an editorial board member for Bioactive Materials and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. Nan Huang is currently employed by GuangZhou Nanchuang Mount Everest Company for Medical Science and Technology. All authors declare that there are no competing interests., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Thrombus formation and tissue embedding significantly impair the clinical efficacy and retrievability of temporary interventional medical devices. Herein, we report an insect sclerotization-inspired antifouling armor for tailoring temporary interventional devices with durable resistance to protein adsorption and the following protein-mediated complications. By mimicking the phenol-polyamine chemistry assisted by phenol oxidases during sclerotization, we develop a facile one-step method to crosslink bovine serum albumin (BSA) with oxidized hydrocaffeic acid (HCA), resulting in a stable and universal BSA@HCA armor. Furthermore, the surface of the BSA@HCA armor, enriched with carboxyl groups, supports the secondary grafting of polyethylene glycol (PEG), further enhancing both its antifouling performance and durability. The synergy of robustly immobilized BSA and covalently grafted PEG provide potent resistance to the adhesion of proteins, platelets, and vascular cells in vitro . In ex vivo blood circulation experiment, the armored surface reduces thrombus formation by 95 %. Moreover, the antifouling armor retained over 60 % of its fouling resistance after 28 days of immersion in PBS. Overall, our armor engineering strategy presents a promising solution for enhancing the antifouling properties and clinical performance of temporary interventional medical devices., Competing Interests: Prof. Zhilu Yang is an editorial board member for Bioactive Materials and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Proteins, cells and bacteria adhering to the surface of medical devices can lead to thrombosis and infection, resulting in significant clinical mortality. Here, we report a zwitterionic polymers-armored amyloid-like protein surface engineering strategy we called as "armored-tank" strategy for dual functionalization of medical devices. The "armored-tank" strategy is realized by decoration of partially conformational transformed LZM (PCTL) assembly through oxidant-mediated process, followed by armoring with super-hydrophilic poly-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (pMPC). The outer armor of the "armored-tank" shows potent and durable zone defense against fibrinogen, platelet and bacteria adhesion, leading to long-term antithrombogenic properties over 14 days in vivo without anticoagulation. Additionally, the "fired" PCTL from "armored-tank" actively and effectively kills both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial over 30 days as a supplement to the lacking bactericidal functions of passive outer armor. Overall, this "armored-tank" surface engineering strategy serves as a promising solution for preventing biofouling and thrombotic occlusion of medical devices., Competing Interests: Prof. Zhilu Yang is an editorial board member for Bioactive Materials and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Appropriately adapted comprehensive mechanical properties, degradation behavior and biocompatibility are prerequisites for the application of Zn-based biodegradable implants. In this study, hot-extruded Zn-0.5Cu-xFe (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 wt%) alloys were fabricated as candidates for biodegradable materials for guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes. The hot-extrusion process and Cu alloying were expected mostly to enhance the mechanical properties, and the Fe alloying was added mainly for regulating the degradation. The microstructure, mechanical properties and in vitro degradation behavior were systematically investigated. The ZnCuFe alloys were composed of a Zn matrix and FeZn 13 phase. With increasing Fe content, a higher FeZn 13 phase precipitation with larger particles was observed. Since elongation declined significantly until fracture with increasing Fe content up to 0.4 wt%, the ZnCuFe (0.2 wt%) alloy achieved a good balance between mechanical strength and ductility, with an ultimate tensile strength of 202.3 MPa and elongation at fracture of 41.2%. Moreover, the addition of Fe successfully accelerated the degradation of ZnCuFe alloys. The ZnCuFe (0.2 wt%) alloy showed relatively uniform corrosion in the long-term degradation test. Furthermore, extracts of the ZnCuFe (0.2 wt%) alloy showed no apparent cytotoxic effects against L929 fibroblasts, Saos-2 osteoblasts or TAg periosteal cells. The ZnCuFe (0.2 wt%) alloy exhibited the potential to inhibit bacterial adhesion of Streptococcus gordonii and mixed oral bacteria. Our study provides evidence that the ZnCuFe (0.2 wt%) alloy can represent a promising material for the application as a suitable GBR membrane., Competing Interests: None., (© 2020 [The Author/The Authors].)