1. Identifying SARS-CoV-2 antiviral compounds by screening for small molecule inhibitors of Nsp3 papain-like protease
- Author
-
Chew Theng Lim, Kang Wei Tan, Mary Wu, Rachel Ulferts, Lee A. Armstrong, Eiko Ozono, Lucy S. Drury, Jennifer C. Milligan, Theresa U. Zeisner, Jingkun Zeng, Florian Weissmann, Berta Canal, Ganka Bineva-Todd, Michael Howell, Nicola O'Reilly, Rupert Beale, Yogesh Kulathu, Karim Labib, and John F.X. Diffley
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,viruses ,coronavirus ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases ,Naphthalenes ,Virus Replication ,Biochemistry ,Antiviral Agents ,Small Molecule Libraries ,03 medical and health sciences ,Inhibitory Concentration 50 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Biochemical Techniques & Resources ,Virology ,Flavins ,ubiquitin ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ,Animals ,Furans ,Molecular Biology ,Vero Cells ,Research Articles ,Enzyme Assays ,Alanine ,Aniline Compounds ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Quinones ,COVID-19 ,Reproducibility of Results ,protease ,Drug Synergism ,Cell Biology ,Phenanthrenes ,Adenosine Monophosphate ,High-Throughput Screening Assays ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Benzamides - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as the biggest life-threatening disease of this century. Whilst vaccination should provide a long-term solution, this is pitted against the constant threat of mutations in the virus rendering the current vaccines less effective. Consequently, small molecule antiviral agents would be extremely useful to complement the vaccination program. The causative agent of COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which encodes at least nine enzymatic activities that all have drug targeting potential. The papain-like protease (PLpro) contained in the nsp3 protein generates viral non-structural proteins from a polyprotein precursor, and cleaves ubiquitin and ISG protein conjugates. Here we describe the expression and purification of PLpro. We developed a protease assay that was used to screen a custom compound library from which we identified dihydrotanshinone I and Ro 08-2750 as compounds that inhibit PLpro in protease and isopeptidase assays and also inhibit viral replication in cell culture-based assays.
- Published
- 2021