1. Evaluation of adjuvant activity of Astragaloside VII and its combination with different immunostimulating agents in Newcastle Disease vaccine.
- Author
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Yakubogullari N, Coven FO, Cebi N, Coven F, Coven N, Genc R, Bedir E, and Nalbantsoy A
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-2, Mice, Squalene, Vaccines, Attenuated immunology, Vaccines, Inactivated immunology, Adjuvants, Immunologic pharmacology, Newcastle Disease prevention & control, Saponins pharmacology, Viral Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
Astragaloside VII (AST-VII), a major cycloartane saponin isolated from Turkish Astragalus species, turned out to be one of the most active metabolites demonstrating Th1/Th2 balanced immune response. As Quillaja saponins are extensively used in adjuvant systems, this study made an attempt to improve AST-VII based adjuvant systems by using different immunostimulatory/delivery agents (monophosphoryllipid A (MPL), Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and squalene) and to induce cellular and humoral immune response against a viral vaccine. For this purpose, Newcastle Disease vaccine (NDV) was chosen as a model vaccine. Swiss albino mice were immunized subcutaneously with LaSota vaccines in the presence/absence of AST-VII or developed adjuvant systems. AST-VII administration both in live/inactivated LaSota vaccines induced neutralizing and NDV specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b antibodies response as well as IL-2 and IL-4 production. APS based delivery systems enhanced the production of neutralizing antibody and the minor augmentation of IFN-γ and IL-2 levels. Squalene emulsion (SE) alone or combined with AST-VII were effective in NDV restimulated splenocyte proliferation. As a conclusion, AST-VII and AST-VII containing adjuvant systems demonstrated Th1/Th2 balanced antibody and cellular immune responses in NDV vaccines. Thus, these systems could be developed as vaccine adjuvants in viral vaccines as alternative to saponin-based adjuvants., (Copyright © 2021 International Alliance for Biological Standardization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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