1. Evaluation of eggshell wastes in office paper production
- Author
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Mustafa Çiçekler, Ufuk Killi, and Ahmet Tutuş
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,Pulp (paper) ,Final product ,Paper production ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Raw material ,engineering.material ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,Grinding ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Calcium carbonate ,chemistry ,Filler (materials) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,engineering ,Environmental science ,Eggshell ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate eggshell wastes, which have the potential to turn into high value-added products in paper industry. Membrane-removed eggshell wastes were subjected to certain processes of washing, drying, grinding, and sieving. The final product of eggshell calcium carbonate (ECC) was used in office paper production as filler, and its possible effect on physical and optical properties of papers was investigated. Mixed office wastes were turned pulp using as raw material of office paper production. Moreover, the effects of ECC was compared with the use of industrial calcium carbonates of ground (GCC) and precipitated (PCC) forms as filler. Breaking lengths of the papers were shown to reduce up to 65.2, 76.6, and 64.1% by a 30% usage of GCC, PCC, and ECC fillers, respectively. PCC and GCC were more effective in improved optical properties of papers than ECC. The brightness values were measured to be 96.8, 98.4, and 93.1 ISO% with a 30% dosage of GCC, PCC, and ECC fillers, respectively. These results suggested that ECC can be used as filler in paper industry.
- Published
- 2020
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