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Aeromonas peritonitis is a rare, but serious infection, as associated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, peritonitis in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and intestinal perforation. Here, we reported a case of monomicrobial non-neutrocytic bacterascites caused by Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila). The patient, a 57-year-old man who had a history of alcoholic liver disease and chronic hepatitis C-related Child- Pugh class C liver cirrhosis, was admitted to our hospital with fever, dyspnea and a localized wound pain over left ankle. Ascitic fluid analysis demonstrated that ascitic polymorphonuclear cell count was 30 cells/ mm3. Empirical antimicrobial treatment with a combination of ceftriaxone and clindamycin were administered. However, the patient died due to fatal septic shock on Day 3. His blood and ascites cultures were positive for A. hydrophila. The case report presents the diagnosis, management, and literature review of Aeromonas monomicrobial non-neutrocytic bacterascites.