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Forest resources are the most important natural resources; their dynamic changes (growth or decline) are affected by socio-economic factors, and to study their linkage is of great significance. However, the relationship between forest resources and social economic factors is normally a multivariate nonlinear relationship. There are difficulties in accurately analyzing it by using traditional multivariate-statistical methods. Also, its explicit mathematical model is inconvenient for intelligent management. In this paper, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network was introduced to study the relationship between the changes of forest resources and socio-economic factors and was evaluated by comparison with the traditional multiple-linear regression model. The results showed that the RBF neural network method can be applied in modeling the dynamic changes of forest resources and showed a higher prediction accuracy over the traditional statistical modeling approaches. At the same time, the RBF neural network can analyze and evaluate the importance of influencing factors simply and conveniently. The results provide a new way and show an application potential for the analysis and intelligent management in forest resources.