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The combination of nanoparticles and biomarkers yields functional nanostructured biointerface, which is playing a notable role in biotechnology development. Due to the 5-fold twined structure in the Au-Pt star-shaped decahedra not only allowed it to act as efficient scaffold for immobilization of antibody, but it also exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward H 2 O 2 reduction, the nanocrystal as the efficient signal transduction label is first employed to construct an electrochemical immunosensor. Donor–π–Acceptor (D–π–A) linking fashion generates a dipolar push-pull system and assures superior intramolecular charge transfer. It is considered as a suitable π-conjugated backbone for conducting polymer on biointerface application. Under a D–π–A architecture which imidazole as the π-bridge and amino phenyl/phenyl groups as peripheral electron-donating/withdrawing functional groups, 4-(2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl) aniline (TPIDA) is designed and synthesized for good biocompatibility and high conductivity. In this proposal, we attempt to integrate the above-mentioned two features from nanobiotechnology and organic bioelectronics. Then, a novel nonenzymatic sandwich-type immunosensor is performed by Au-Pt core-shell with surface-engineered twinning as a label and π-conjugated D–π–A polymers as the signal amplification platform. Human IgG (HIgG) as the model target protein can be detected with a wide linear range from 0.1 pg mL −1 to 100 ng mL −1 . The detection limit is down to 0.06 pg mL −1 (S/N = 3). Moreover, as a practical application, the prepared biosensor is used to monitor HIgG level in human serum with desirable results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utility of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as electrochemical sensor often suffers from its limited catalytic efficiency. Here, we proposed an alternative approach by combining the concept of MIP with the use of mimetic enzyme. A metronidazole imprinted polymer with nitroreductase-like activity was successfully achieved via an electrochemical method, where melamine served two purposes: functional monomer of MIP and component of mimetic enzyme. During the imprinting process, the redox-active center, which is responsible for catalysis, was introduced into the imprinted cavities. Accordingly, the imprinted polymer, having both catalysis centers and recognition sites, exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. The sensing performances of this metronidazole imprinted biomimetic sensor were evaluated in detail. Results revealed that the response to metronidazole was linear in the concentration range of 0.5–1000 μM, and the detection limit was 0.12 μM ( S / N =3). In addition, we applied the proposed sensor to detect metronidazole in an injection solution and the results implied its feasibility for practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, linking with the butoxycarbonyl (BOC) protection of proline, a new tailed metalloporphyrin with many useful active functions, nickel (II) 5-[4-N-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)- l -prolinecoxylpropyloxy]phenyl-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (NiTBLPyP), was designed and synthesized. And the NiTBLPyP polymer (poly(NiTBLPyP)) was successfully obtained via a low-cost electrochemical method and exploited as an efficient mimic enzyme. Subsequently, a noncovalent nanohybrid of poly(NiTBLPyP) with graphene (rGO) sheet (rGO-poly(NiTBLPyP)) was prepared through π–π stacking interaction for the ultrasensitive and selective detection of DA. The nanohybrid was characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Due to the excellent electrocatalytic ability of poly(NiTBLPyP) film and aromatic π–π stacking interaction between poly(NiTBLPyP and rGO sheet, the obtained rGO-poly(NiTBLPyP) film exhibited a great synergistic amplification effect toward dopamine oxidation. Under optimum experimental conditions, the logarithm of catalytic currents showed a good linear relationship with that of the dopamine concentration in the range of 0.01–200 μM with a low detection limit of 1.40 nM. With good sensitivity and selectivity, the present method was applied to the determination of DA in real sample and the results was satisfactory. Thus, the rGO-poly(NiTBLPyP) film is one of the promising mimetic enzyme for electrocatalysis and relevant fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Donor–Acceptor (D–A) structure like host-guest pair serves as an organic charge–transfer (C–T) material with pregnant electrochemical and photochemical properties. Phenothiazine, a conjugated nitrogen-sulfur heterocyclic compound with broad pharmaceutical profile, is a strong electron donating system and applied in the synthesis of various classic antipsychotic drugs. In this proposal, a novel D–A molecule, 2,3-bis(4-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)phenyl)fumaronitrile (PTBFN), containig a diphenylfumaronitrile as the electrophilic central core and two phenothiazines as the peripheral electron donor functional groups is first designed and synthesized. Subsequently, the C–T layer based on the PTBFN polymer, poly(PTBFN), is obtained via a straightforward electrochemical method and used as an efficient electrocatalyst for dopamine (DA) detection. The logarithm of oxidation peak currents present an outstanding linear response to that of the DA concentration varying from 0.005 to 350 μM with a detection limit down to 0.70 nM, wherein the interferences of uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) could be eliminated effectively. Moreover, the biosensor displays decent stability, excellent selectivity for different interfering compounds and applicability in real samples analysis. The favorable sensing performance suggests that the nontrivial D–A architecture is one of the promising bioaffinity catalysts for electrocatalysis and expected to provide wider application potential for biosensing construction and medical diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]