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Aβ oligomers have been widely accepted as significant biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection, monitoring, and therapy since they are highly correlated with AD development. In this work, an electrochemical array-based sensing platform was successfully built using a group of functionalized graphene with different physicochemical features. Since the electro-insulated Aβ peptide species severely interfered with the electron transport on the electrode surface, the presence of Aβ led to a significant change in the electrochemical impedance signal. The resulting variety of the impedance was then classified and processed by linear discriminant analysis. The constructed sensing platform can discriminate different Aβ forms, the mixture of various Aβ forms, and different ratios of Aβ42 to Aβ40 with 100% accuracy by only the combination of dual probes. Furthermore, it also exhibited excellent performance for screening Aβ inhibitors and metal chelators. The strategy utilizes the infinitesimal general discrepancy instead of specific biomarker recognition, exhibiting the advantage of no requirement to know the exact information about the specific ligand and receptor in advance, which is promising to be widened for the other biosensing detection fields. • A facile functionalized graphene-based electrochemical array sensor was successfully constructed. • The prepared sensing platform could discriminate different Aβ forms, the mixture of various Aβ forms, and different ratios of Aβ42 to Aβ40 in buffered solutions as well as in complex body fluid environments. • 100% identification through the combination of dual probes was achieved, indicating the super diagnostic capacity of the sensor array. • The strategy utilizes the infinitesimal general discrepancy instead of specific biomarker recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pathogens and contaminants in food and the environment present significant challenges to human health, necessitating highly sensitive and specific diagnostic methods. Traditional approaches often struggle to meet these requirements. However, the emergence of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) system has revolutionized nucleic acid diagnostics. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological sensing technology based on the CRISPR/Cas system and its potential applications in public health-related analysis. Additionally, it explores the enzymatic cleavage capabilities mediated by Cas proteins, highlighting the promising prospects of CRISPR technology in addressing bioanalysis challenges. We discuss commonly used CRISPR-Cas proteins and elaborate on their application in detecting foodborne bacteria, viruses, toxins, other chemical pollution, and drug-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, we highlight the advantages of CRISPR-based sensors in the field of public health-related analysis and propose that integrating CRISPR-Cas biosensing technology with other technologies could facilitate the development of more diverse detection platforms, thereby indicating promising prospects in this field. The present study provides an overview of the potential applications of CRISPR technology in the field of public health, encompassing foodborne bacteria, viruses, toxins, other chemical pollutants, and drug-resistant bacteria. [Display omitted] • The present study provides a comprehensive review on the utilization of the CRISPR system in public health surveillance. • Applications of CRISPR technology in the detection of foodborne bacteria, viruses, environmental toxins, pollutants, and drug-resistant bacteria were employed. • The benefits, drawbacks and improvement ideas of these sensors were elaborated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]