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Start Over Author "MEI FONG" Journal bmc geriatrics
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1. Psychometric evaluation of the Protection Motivation Theory scale in assessing fall protection motivation among older adults to reduce fall risk

Author

Mei Fong Ong, Kim Lam Soh, Rosalia Saimon, Ing Khieng Tiong, Hasni Idayu Saidi, and Manfred Mortell

Subjects
Psychometric evaluation, Reliability and validity, Protection Motivation Theory scale, Older adults, Community older adults, Fall risk, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Background Protection Motivation Theory could be another potential and good framework that addresses essential elements in a behavioural change leading to positive fall protective behaviours. The positive behavioural change could reduce the risk of falls and improve the quality of life of the older community. The study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the culturally adapted Protection Motivation Theory scale for older adults' fall protection motivation or protective behaviours to reduce fall risk. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish a psychometric instrument validation. A total of 389 participants aged 55 years and above were included. The study was conducted in Sarawak, Malaysia, from November 2021 to January 2022 in two phases, translation of the PMT Scale, cross-cultural adaptation, face validation and pre-testing of the PMT Scale. The participants were selected using multistage random sampling in a primary healthcare clinic. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using IBM SPSS version 26 for exploratory factor analysis and SmartPLS version 3.3.7 for confirmatory factor analysis using partial least square structural equation modelling. Results The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was 0.760, Bartlett's sphericity test was significant and the total variance explained was 61%. It identified 31 items within eight dimensions of the Protection Motivation Theory scale. The Higher Order Constructs' measurement model indicates that the convergent and discriminant validity were established (Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability: ≥ 0.740; average variance extracted: 0.619 to 0.935 and Henseler's Heterotrait-Monotrait criterion for all constructs' discriminant validity:

Published
2023
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3. Variation of polypharmacy in older primary care attenders occurs at prescriber level

Author

Su Miin Ong, Ee Ming Khoo, Yvonne Mei Fong Lim, and Sheamini Sivasampu

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Psychological intervention, Medication, lcsh:Geriatrics, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Physicians, Primary Care, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, education, Aged, Polypharmacy, education.field_of_study, Rehabilitation, Primary Health Care, business.industry, Age Factors, Malaysia, Multimorbidity, Odds ratio, lcsh:RC952-954.6, Cross-Sectional Studies, Private practice, Family medicine, Female, Multilevel modelling, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Research Article
Abstract

Background Polypharmacy is particularly important in older persons as they are more likely to experience adverse events compared to the rest of the population. Despite the relevance, there is a lack of studies on the possible association of patient, prescriber and practice characteristics with polypharmacy. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the rate of polypharmacy among older persons attending public and private primary care clinics, and its association with patient, prescriber and practice characteristics. Methods We used data from The National Medical Care Survey (NMCS), a national cross-sectional survey of patients’ visits to primary care clinics in Malaysia. A weighted total of 22,832 encounters of patients aged ≥65 years were analysed. Polypharmacy was defined as concomitant use of five medications and above. Multilevel logistic regression was performed to examine the association of polypharmacy with patient, prescriber and practice characteristics. Results A total of 20.3% of the older primary care attenders experienced polypharmacy (26.7%% in public and 11.0% in private practice). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of polypharmacy were 6.37 times greater in public practices. Polypharmacy was associated with patients of female gender (OR 1.49), primary education level (OR 1.61) and multimorbidity (OR 14.21). The variation in rate of polypharmacy was mainly found at prescriber level. Conclusion Polypharmacy is common among older persons visiting primary care practices. Given the possible adverse outcomes, interventions to reduce the burden of polypharmacy are best to be directed at individual prescribers.

Published
2018

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