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Abstract Background Tele-education is the use of ICTs to conduct remote learning. It has been utilized to deliver ongoing training for many years. The world’s modern culture is increasingly reliant on the use of information technology to enhance standards of education. However, in order to deploy successful e-learning systems in a developing nation, understanding of user characteristics is required in the creation and usage of e-learning systems. Thus, this study will enable us to understand the user’s level of knowledge and attitude towards tele-education. Methods An institution-based quantitative cross-sectional study supported by qualitative design was used 397 medical students at University of Gondar from May to June 2022. A pre-tested self-administered structured questionnaires and in-depth interview were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively. Thematic-content analysis was conducted using open-code software for analyzing qualitative data. Quantitative data was entered to Epi-data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 software for further statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression was conducted. The adjusted odds ratio(AOR) was used to measure the association between the dependent and independent variables. Results A total of 397 medical students were participated in this study with a response rate of 93.63%. In this study nearly six out of ten 230(57.9%) of study participants had good knowledge towards tele-education. More than half. 211(53.1%) of medical students participated on the study also had a favorable attitude towards tele-education. Factors associated with knowledge about tele-education is training related to ICT (AOR = 2.27 95% CI; (1.13,4.55)), knowledge of medical education digitization (AOR = 3.80 95% CI; (2.12,6.84)), high computer literacy (AOR = 2.82 95% CI; (1.68,4.72)) and favorable attitude towards tele-education (AOR = 3.52 95% CI; (2.12,5.84)). Factors associated with attitude towards tele-education is age group > 21 (AOR = 3.89, 95% CI; (1.33,11.39)) and good knowledge towards tele-education (AOR = 3.42,95%CI;(2.06,5.66)). Conclusion The study revealed that the knowledge of the medical students was good and nearly five out of ten of them had a favorable attitude towards tele-education. The study shows that training related to ICT, knowledge of medical education digitization, high computer literacy and favorable attitude towards tele-education were associated significantly with knowledge of tele-education. In this study age group > 21 and good knowledge towards tele-education of study participants were associated significantly with attitude towards tele-education.

Abstracts Background Tele-pharmacy is a subset of telemedicine in which pharmacies use telecommunication technology to provide patient care. Tele-pharmacy can improve pharmaceutical care service delivery by reducing medication errors, improving access to health professionals and facilities in remote and rural areas, and minimizing adverse drug events. However, there is limited evidence regarding future pharmacists' knowledge and perceptions of the Tele-pharmacy system in Ethiopia. As a result, this study aimed to assess tele-Pharmacy perception, knowledge and associated factors among pharmacy students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 376 pharmacy students in Northwest Ethiopia between July 15 and August 27, 2022. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were entered using Epi info version 7.0 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to describe pharmacy students' knowledge and perceptions of Tele-pharmacy and identify associated factors. An adjusted odds ratio (OR) and a p-value with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to declare statistical significance. Results From a total of 352 participants, about 32.4% with [95% CI (27%-37%)] and 48.6% with [95% CI (43%—54%)] had good knowledge and a positive perception toward Tele-pharmacy, respectively. Being age group of 26–30 (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.17–0.68), being male (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.26–4.49), Having a CPGA of > 3.5 (AOR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.24–4.19), Taking basic computer training (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.17–3.39), Management support (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.06–3.19) were found to be significantly associated with pharmacy students' knowledge of Tele-pharmacy. Similarly, having access to electronic devices (AOR = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.81–7.97), training related to pharmacy information systems (AOR = 6.66, 95% CI: 3.34–13.29), availability of guidelines (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.62–5.50) were found to be significantly associated with pharmacy students' perceptions of Tele-pharmacy. Conclusion This study found that pharmacy students have limited knowledge and perceptions of the Tele-pharmacy system. A continuing Tele-pharmacy training package, incorporating pharmacy information system guidelines as part of their education, and providing managerial support could be recommended to improve pharmacy students' knowledge and perception of Tele-pharmacy.