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Abstract Background Persistent placoid maculopathy (PPM) is a rare idiopathic chorioretinopathy characterized by choriocapillaris (CC) hypoperfusion. In a case of PPM, we quantified CC flow deficits (FDs) over time and observed an increase in CC perfusion as the visual acuity and outer photoreceptor anatomy improved. Case presentation A 58-year-old man was diagnosed with PPM in both eyes based on the patient’s clinical presentation and imaging. He presented with sudden-onset central scotomas in both eyes for about two months. On referral, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/100 in the left eye. Plaque-like yellowish macular lesions were observed bilaterally and autofluorescence imaging showed bilateral hyperautofluorescent lesions. Fluorescein angiography (FA) revealed early-phase hyper-fluorescent staining that intensified in the late phases, while indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) displayed persistent hypofluorescence in both eyes. Foveal centered swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) B-scans showed bilateral focal deposits on the level of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and disruption of outer photoreceptor bands. The CC FDs were quantified on SS-OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) images using a previously published algorithm that was validated. The CC FD% was 12.52% in the right eye and 14.64% in the left eye within a 5 mm circle centered on the fovea. After 5 months of steroid treatment, BCVA remained 20/20 in the right eye and improved to 20/25 in the left eye. On OCT imaging, the outer photoreceptor bands fully recovered in both eyes, while some focal deposits remained along the RPE in the left eye. The CC perfusion in both eyes improved, with CC FD% decreasing from 12.52% to 9.16% in the right eye and from 14.64% to 9.34% in the left eye. Conclusions Significant impairment of macular CC perfusion was detected after the onset of PPM. Improvement in central macular CC perfusion corresponded with improvements in BCVA and outer retinal anatomy. Our findings suggest that imaging and quantification of CC FDs could serve as a valuable imaging strategy for diagnosing PPM and for following disease progression.

Background: Persistent placoid maculopathy (PPM) is a rare idiopathic chorioretinopathy characterized by choriocapillaris (CC) hypoperfusion. In a case of PPM, we quantified CC flow deficits (FDs) over time and observed an increase in CC perfusion as the visual acuity and outer photoreceptor anatomy improved. Case presentation: A 58-year-old man was diagnosed with PPM in both eyes based on the patient's clinical presentation and imaging. He presented with sudden-onset central scotomas in both eyes for about two months. On referral, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/100 in the left eye. Plaque-like yellowish macular lesions were observed bilaterally and autofluorescence imaging showed bilateral hyperautofluorescent lesions. Fluorescein angiography (FA) revealed early-phase hyper-fluorescent staining that intensified in the late phases, while indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) displayed persistent hypofluorescence in both eyes. Foveal centered swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) B-scans showed bilateral focal deposits on the level of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and disruption of outer photoreceptor bands. The CC FDs were quantified on SS-OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) images using a previously published algorithm that was validated. The CC FD% was 12.52% in the right eye and 14.64% in the left eye within a 5 mm circle centered on the fovea. After 5 months of steroid treatment, BCVA remained 20/20 in the right eye and improved to 20/25 in the left eye. On OCT imaging, the outer photoreceptor bands fully recovered in both eyes, while some focal deposits remained along the RPE in the left eye. The CC perfusion in both eyes improved, with CC FD% decreasing from 12.52% to 9.16% in the right eye and from 14.64% to 9.34% in the left eye. Conclusions: Significant impairment of macular CC perfusion was detected after the onset of PPM. Improvement in central macular CC perfusion corresponded with improvements in BCVA and outer retinal anatomy. Our findings suggest that imaging and quantification of CC FDs could serve as a valuable imaging strategy for diagnosing PPM and for following disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Backgro To assess the microvascular changes in the macular region and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in participants with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS OCTA). Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 23 WMH participants (45 eyes) and 20 age-matched healthy participants (40 eyes). SS OCTA (VG200; SVision Imaging, Ltd., Luoyang, China) was used to assess the retinal vessel density (VD) and the FAZ area. VD was measured in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) within a 6 × 6-mm scan centred on the macula using a 5-mm Macula circle. The FAZ area was automatically measured on the inner retina layer within a 3 × 3-mm scan in the macular region. Results There was no significant difference in VD in the SVP between the two groups. However, VD in both the ICP and DCP was significantly decreased in WMH participants (P = 0.028, P = 0.016). The FAZ area was significantly enlarged in WMH participants (P = 0.030). The signal quality was significantly lower in WMH participants (P

Backgro: To assess the microvascular changes in the macular region and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in participants with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS OCTA).Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 23 WMH participants (45 eyes) and 20 age-matched healthy participants (40 eyes). SS OCTA (VG200; SVision Imaging, Ltd., Luoyang, China) was used to assess the retinal vessel density (VD) and the FAZ area. VD was measured in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) within a 6 × 6-mm scan centred on the macula using a 5-mm Macula circle. The FAZ area was automatically measured on the inner retina layer within a 3 × 3-mm scan in the macular region.Results: There was no significant difference in VD in the SVP between the two groups. However, VD in both the ICP and DCP was significantly decreased in WMH participants (P = 0.028, P = 0.016). The FAZ area was significantly enlarged in WMH participants (P = 0.030). The signal quality was significantly lower in WMH participants (P < 0.001).Conclusions: This study suggested that WMH participants have retinal microvascular and foveal avascular zone area changes compared with healthy controls. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to identify the value of our findings in the early evaluation of WMHs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]