1. IQuaD dental trial; improving the quality of dentistry: a multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing oral hygiene advice and periodontal instrumentation for the prevention and management of periodontal disease in dentate adults attending dental primary care
- Author
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Thomas Lamont, Dwayne Boyers, Fiona E. Mitchell, Isobel Madden, Marilyn Laird, Martin Tickle, Giles McCracken, Linda Young, Jill Gouick, Helen V Worthington, Marjon van der Pol, M. K. Ross, Craig R Ramsay, Laura A. Lovelock, John Norrie, Graham Chadwick, PA Heasman, Jan E Clarkson, Nigel Pitts, Lorna E. Macpherson, Anne Duncan, A.F. Hall, David Ricketts, Pauline D. Watt, Penny Hodge, Louise Campbell, Andrew Elders, Gladys McPherson, Debbie Bonetti, M. Swan, Clare Jones, Jimmy Steele, L Heasman, Paul Averley, Alison McDonald, and W. McCombes
- Subjects
Counseling ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Gingival and periodontal pocket ,Toothbrushing advice ,Health Behavior ,Dentistry ,Gingivitis ,Study Protocol ,Dental Calculus ,Single-Blind Method ,Precision Medicine ,Dental Care ,Dental Prophylaxis ,Scale and polish ,Middle Aged ,Primary care ,Self Efficacy ,Treatment Outcome ,Oral and maxillofacial surgery ,medicine.symptom ,RCT ,Adult ,Toothbrushing ,Dental Plaque ,Dental plaque ,Oral hygiene ,Periodontal instrumentation ,Tooth brushing ,medicine ,Humans ,Periodontal Pocket ,Periodontitis ,General Dentistry ,Periodontal Diseases ,Aged ,Quality of Health Care ,Primary Health Care ,business.industry ,Dentistry(all) ,Prevention ,medicine.disease ,Oral Hygiene ,Self Care ,stomatognathic diseases ,Oral hygiene advice ,Quality of Life ,business ,Gingival Hemorrhage ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is the most common oral disease affecting adults, and although it is largely preventable it remains the major cause of poor oral health worldwide. Accumulation of microbial dental plaque is the primary aetiological factor for both periodontal disease and caries. Effective self-care (tooth brushing and interdental aids) for plaque control and removal of risk factors such as calculus, which can only be removed by periodontal instrumentation (PI), are considered necessary to prevent and treat periodontal disease thereby maintaining periodontal health. Despite evidence of an association between sustained, good oral hygiene and a low incidence of periodontal disease and caries in adults there is a lack of strong and reliable evidence to inform clinicians of the relative effectiveness (if any) of different types of Oral Hygiene Advice (OHA). The evidence to inform clinicians of the effectiveness and optimal frequency of PI is also mixed. There is therefore an urgent need to assess the relative effectiveness of OHA and PI in a robust, sufficiently powered randomised controlled trial (RCT) in primary dental care. Methods/Design This is a 5 year multi-centre, randomised, open trial with blinded outcome evaluation based in dental primary care in Scotland and the North East of England. Practitioners will recruit 1860 adult patients, with periodontal health, gingivitis or moderate periodontitis (Basic Periodontal Examination Score 0–3). Dental practices will be cluster randomised to provide routine OHA or Personalised OHA. To test the effects of PI each individual patient participant will be randomised to one of three groups: no PI, 6 monthly PI (current practice), or 12 monthly PI. Baseline measures and outcome data (during a three year follow-up) will be assessed through clinical examination, patient questionnaires and NHS databases. The primary outcome measures at 3 year follow up are gingival inflammation/bleeding on probing at the gingival margin; oral hygiene self-efficacy and net benefits. Discussion IQuaD will provide evidence for the most clinically-effective and cost-effective approach to managing periodontal disease in dentate adults in Primary Care. This will support general dental practitioners and patients in treatment decision making. Trial registration Protocol ID: ISRCTN56465715
- Published
- 2013