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Attention is considered a central component of cognitive functioning. While many studies have demonstrated that eye direction can trigger reflexive attention shifting, there have been few studies on gender differences in attention shifting. To explore this issue we present results from an event-related potential (ERP) experiment using the spatial cueing task, in which females show larger ERP component amplitude. We suggest this result may be because women have a larger cueing effect in the visual spatial attention task, which leads women to use more attention resources to complete the task. The result may also be because women mature earlier than men in the major brain areas for visual spatial attention, and therefore women have the more mature activation patterns with enhanced amplitude in these regions. Gender differences in visual attention shifting may moderate or contribute to gender differences in other cognitive activities, such as memory, thought, and speech. Future studies of cognitive ability and cognitive processes should pay more attention to the possible effects of gender., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)