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Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Its incidence is predominant in tropical and subtropical regions, the reason why it is considered an endemic disease in Brazil, resulting in a substantial number of deaths. There are the acute and the chronic forms of paracoccidioidomycosis, affecting mostly men, mainly between 30 and 50 years of age. The dissemination of the fungus may occur into any organ, affecting mostly the lungs. The treatment of PCM is based on two phases, the attack -- with an immediate control of the symptoms -- and care -- by prolonged observation of the disease, reducing the risk of its recurrence. The present paper aims to study the PCM, including its causes, symptoms, and treatment by a case study from a patient from Minas Gerais countryside. The paper is a descriptive research based on medical records, medical exams, and an in-depth interview with the patient and his/her relatives. With the patient's evolution, a panorama is expected to be shown regarding the development of the disease on the man, its accidental host, as well as the results of the treatment indicated by the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]