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Nocardiosis is an infection caused by ubiquitous opportunistic bacteria and is rare in felines. In retrospective studies of the infection in the species, pyothorax was found in only about 5% of the cases described, with the most frequent forms being cutaneous and subcutaneous. This report describes Nocardia spp. as an etiologic agent of pyothorax in a feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-positive female cat. A 10-year-old female mixed-breed cat, positive for FeLV, with chronic kidney disease IRIS stage 2, was examined with a severe dyspneic onset, suspected of pleural effusion. It also had skin lesions in the interscapular region. The patient underwent thoracentesis, and a dense, creamy, fetid, and flocculated liquid was collected. Radiography was performed after draining the pleural fluid, which showed images suggestive of atelectasis of the left lung lobes and pneumonia. The collected material was sent for analysis, which found that it was a septic exudate. In addition, it was referred for bacterial culture in a special medium due to suspicion of nocardiosis. Long-term treatment with amoxicillin + clavulanic acid resolved the clinical case.

Ctenocephalides felis felis é um ectoparasito da ordem sifonada de grande importância na medicina veterinária e na saúde pública. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes idades de adultos da espécie C. felis felis suscetibilidade ao fipronil quando submetido a teste in vitro . Foram utilizadas pulgas adultas oriundas da colônia laboratorial de C. felis felis . Uma metodologia utilizada foi a impregnação de papel com filtro com concentração de 0,008mg.cm -² Foram formados oito grupos experimentais, de acordo com a idade das pulgas (Grupos de 0, 7, 14 e 21 dias). O critério de avaliação usado foi de mobilidade, avaliado em 24 e 48 horas após o desafio. Após 24 horas, após 21 dias de eclodidas, obtém-se um índice de 100% de mortalidade, que diminui de acordo com a idade. Como 14 dias obtiveram 98,3% de mortalidade, 7 dias 93,1% e 0 dias 86,7%. No período de 48 horas, o fipronil apresenta 100% de eficácia em todos os idades. Com base nos resultados, pode-se concluir que a idade da pulsa não influenciou na resposta do teste in vitro quanto à suscetibilidade ao fipronil, em 24 e 48 horas.

Um felino de quatro anos de idade, macho e sem raça definida foi atendido com histórico de surgimento de uma massa avermelhada no canto medial do bulbo ocular esquerdo. Ao exame oftalmológico foi observado o prolapso da glândula da terceira pálpebra, hiperemia e secreção em conjuntiva. O animal foi submetido ao procedimento cirúrgico de reposição da glândula pela técnica de Morgan modificada. Após a cirurgia, notou-se melhora dos sinais clínicos. O animal foi acompanhado durante 3 anos após o procedimento e não houve, até o presente momento, a recidiva do prolapso da glândula. Esse é o primeiro caso relatado no Brasil de prolapso da glândula terceira pálpebra em felino. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada foi efetiva na resolução da condição.

Demodicose é uma dermatose parasitária considerada incomum no gato doméstico. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar o primeiro sucesso terapêutico do sarolaner por via oral no tratamento de Demodex spp. em um gato naturalmente infestado no Brasil. Um gato adulto, positivo para o vírus da leucemia felina e em tratamento com glicocorticóides, apresentava sinais clínicos da pele como prurido intenso, hiperceratose, lignificação, fragilidade da pele e alopecia simétrica. O diagnóstico foi confirmado em arranhões na pele, impressão em tiras de acetato e exame coproparasitológico. Após o diagnóstico, o sarolaner foi administrado por via oral (4mg / kg). A avaliação foi realizada com arranhões na pele 24, 48 horas e 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após o tratamento. Após 21 dias, nenhum ácaro foi observado e houve uma melhora na fragilidade da pele e na repilação parcial. Com base nos resultados deste estudo, pode-se concluir que o sarolaner foi eficaz no tratamento da sarna demodécica felina.

This study aimed to evaluate the virulence of Heterorhabditis amazonenses NEPT11 against larvae of Stomoxys calcitrans . Groups of 10 third-instar fly larvae were deposited in Petri dishes, to which were added 50, 100 and 200 EPNs/larva in 4ml of distilled water. The volume of the control group was the same as the treated group, but without EPNs. Larval mortality was observed daily, until larvae died or adults emerged. The Petri dishes were kept on laboratory shelves at 27 ± 1 °C and 70 ± 10% RH. The experiment was replicated six times. A regression analysis revealed quadratic behavior with increasing concentrations, indicating that the concentration of 200 EPNs/larva (48%) was the most efficient among the tested concentrations, while concentrations of 50 and 100 EPNs/larva killed 26.6 and 40% of larvae, respectively. In general, none of the treatments resulted in a mortality rate of more than 50%, but all the treated groups exhibited a higher mortality than that of the control group. It is concluded that the EPN H. amazonensis NEPT11 shows a promising potential to control third-instar larvae of S. calcitrans . However, further studies are needed in different situations to better understand the activity of this organism against the immature stages of the stable fly., Competing Interests: Conflict of interests: ACMS, ACFS, DPS, GPSA, VTS, JLLMN, MCMCC and AJB – No conflict of interest.

Wild cats play an important role as top predators in the food chain and act as ecosystem regulators. However, in recent decades, many studies have demonstrated the potential effects of parasitic diseases on wild carnivore populations, including cats. This study reports on the endoparasites found in an injured and rescued specimen of Leopardus pardalis in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Fecal samples were collected and processed using five coproparasitological techniques: a simple flotation centrifugation, a zinc sulfate flotation centrifugation, a formalin-ether sedimentation centrifugation, a conical centrifuge tube technique, and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique for fecal smears. Helminth eggs belonging to the families Trichuridae and Diphyllobothriidae and the genus Toxocara were found in both sedimentation flotation techniques. Protozoan oocysts belonging to the genus Cryptosporidium were identified by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. These findings show that ocelots can harbor potentially zoonotic and pathogenic endoparasites. Further studies on the helminths and protofauna of these animals are necessary., Competing Interests: Conflict of interests: GPSA, SYN, GAC, BGG, DRC, DAB, DAB# and TRC - No conflict of interest.

The number of guinea pigs is increasing as pet and their domestication necessitates the study of their pathology and emerging diseases. This study aimed to evaluate guinea pigs' capacity to be infested by Ctenocephalides felis felis fleas, as it is a common parasite among pets that causes irritation, stress, and transmission of other pathogens. Seventeen guinea pigs were infested with C. felis felis . After 48 hours, the animals were combed, and the number of fleas was determined. Guinea pigs had a very low recovery (average of 5%), leading us to conclude that they are not good hosts for this species, despite some literature citing it as an accidental host if infested along with dogs or cats., Competing Interests: Conflict of interests: TXAS, GPSA, VECR, DAB and TRC - No conflict of interest