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Summary This Good Practice Paper provides recommendations for the diagnosis and initial management of transplant‐eligible high‐risk myeloma patients. It describes recent updates to the genetic diagnostics of high‐risk myeloma and provides recommendations for treatment on the basis of recent prospective clinical trial evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides information on the diagnosis and management of smouldering myeloma, a precursor condition to multiple myeloma. It discusses various diagnostic tests and imaging techniques used to identify smouldering myeloma and emphasizes the importance of restaging if there is evidence of progression. The article also provides recommendations for screening and initial investigations for suspected myeloma. Additionally, it discusses risk stratification models and treatment options for smouldering myeloma, including the use of lenalidomide. The article concludes by highlighting ongoing clinical trials and the need for further research in the treatment of smouldering myeloma. [Extracted from the article]

Summary: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) resolves in most children within 3–12 months of diagnosis. Chronic ITP affects 10%–20% of patients, some of whom require treatment. Several second‐line agents are efficacious in this group of patients. This paper describes our experience of using dapsone as a single second‐line agent in children with chronic ITP. One hundred and three children with chronic ITP were seen at our centre from January 2012 to December 2016. Forty‐five children met the inclusion criteria and received dapsone; 17 (37.8%) were boys; and 28 (62.2%) were girls. Early response to dapsone was seen in 37.8% of patients. The median duration of long‐term follow‐up was 50 months, and at least a partial response was seen in 64.4% of the patients. Dapsone offers good initial response rates and sustained remission in paediatric chronic ITP, comparable to other therapeutic agents available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABO‐non‐identical (ni) platelets provide less of an increase in platelet count and may increase the length of patient transfusions. The paper by Han and Badami showed that ABO‐ni platelets may be a risk factor for immune platelet transfusion refractoriness. Commentary on: Han et al. ABO non‐identical platelet transfusions, immune platelet refractoriness and platelet support. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2097‐2102. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: For this paper, cases reported formally and anecdotally to the authors in their screening and diagnostic roles have been selected to demonstrate areas where errors have occurred, and caution should be exercised. The cases demonstrate that it is vital that the performance and limitations of the techniques used, along with the phenotypic presentation of cases where haemoglobin variants and/or thalassaemias are coinherited are understood by those performing result interpretation. Those who deliver the service as well as those who receive reports and give results and counselling should be aware of the complexity of the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their paper, the authors present their experience with the use of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD7 as a bridge to allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with relapsed/refractory T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma. Commentary on: Cao et al. A safety and efficacy study of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory and relapsed T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma patients who achieved complete remission after autologous CD7 chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2351‐2364. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their paper, the authors quantified liver iron concentration (LIC) and hepatic steatosis (HS) using MRI‐T2* technology in transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia (TDT) patients and healthy controls and found that the prevalence of HS among patients with TDT was 36.4%. In comparison with healthy controls, the hepatic fat fraction (FF) was significantly higher in the TDT population (p = 0.013). Active hepatitis C virus infection, body mass index (BMI) and LIC were independent predictors of HS. An inverse correlation between hepatic FF and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.042) and a significant association of high glycaemia level (p = 0.037) with higher hepatic FF and a significant relationship (p = 0.026) between HS and higher BMI (though in a ‘lean’ group of patients) in TDT patients indicated that ‘metabolic syndrome’ was present in this subset with TDT. The impact of metabolic syndrome on TDT, including cardiac disease unrelated to iron overload, needs further study.Commentary on: Ricchi et al. Liver steatosis in patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia. Br J Haematol 2024 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.19496. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rich history surrounding Diamond–Blackfan anaemia (DBA), originally described in 1938 as congenital hypoplastic anaemia2 reflects the evolution of paediatric haematology. In their paper, the authors1 present the results of a clinical trial using the thrombopoietin‐mimetic agent eltrombopag to treat red cell failure in DBA. A low response rate belies the importance of this work. Commentary on: Duncan et al. Treatment of refractory/relapsed Diamond–Blackfan anaemia with eltrombopag. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2077‐2085. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this issue, the British Society for Haematology presents guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM). The authors provide a practical, evidence‐based approach to managing these patients. Key questions remain yet unsolved. Commentary on: Hughes et al. Diagnosis and management of smouldering myeloma: A British Society for Haematology Good Practice Paper. Br J Haematol 2024;204:1193‐1206. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their paper, Hannan et al. suggest that new approaches to the management of the acute and remission phases of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura should be considered to address white matter changes seen in patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging. Timely intervention may have significant implications for the long‐term physical and mental health of patients. Commentary on: Hannan et al. Cognitive decline in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura survivors: The role of white matter health as assessed by MRI. Br J Haematol 2024;204:1005‐1016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]