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The ability of positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET-CT) to accurately detect bone marrow involvement (BMI) has been suggested in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), but its abilities in other histologies is less established. The aim of this retrospective study was to confirm the role of PET-CT in detecting BMI in DLBCL and HL, and to explore its usefulness in other subtypes. Of the 149 newly diagnosed patients, common subtypes included DLBCL, follicular lymphoma (FL) and HL. In DLBCL, the sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT at diagnosis were 75% and 92%. In FL, the sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT were 67% and 85% at diagnosis, and 73% and 89% at relapse. In HL, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 74%. PET-CT was able to detect BMI in patients with negative biopsies. Most of the patients in which PET-CT failed to identify BMI were already advanced stage by imaging. In this analysis, PET-CT was highly accurate for detecting BMI at diagnosis in DLBCL and HL and highly specific in FL at diagnosis and relapse. Results also suggested the diagnostic advantage of PET-CT over bone marrow biopsy in detecting BMI. Prospective evaluation is necessary and may eliminate biopsies in future patients.