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Summary: Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) remains an option for tyrosine kinase inhibitor‐resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in first chronic phase (CP1) and high‐risk patients with advanced disease phases. In this European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) registry‐based study of 1686 CML patients undergoing first allo‐HCT between 2012 and 2019, outcomes were evaluated according to donor type, particularly focusing on mismatched related donors (MMRDs). Median age at allo‐HCT was 46 years (IQR 36–55). Disease status was CP1 in 43%, second CP (CP2) or later in 27%, accelerated phase in 12% and blast crisis in 18%. Donor type was matched related (MRD) in 39.2%, MMRD in 8.1%, matched unrelated (MUD) in 40.2%, and mismatched unrelated (MMUD) in 12.6%. In 4 years, overall survival (OS) for MRD, MMRD, MUD and MMUD was 61%, 56%, 63% and 59% (p = 0.21); relapse‐free survival (RFS) was 48%, 42%, 52% and 46% (p = 0.03); cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 33%, 37%, 27% and 30% (p = 0.07); non‐relapse mortality (NRM) was 19%, 21%, 21% and 24% (p = 0.21); and graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD)‐free/relapse‐free survival (GRFS) was 16%, 18%, 22% and 15% (p = 0.05) respectively. On multivariate analysis, MMRD use associated with longer engraftment times and higher risk of graft failure compared to MRD or MUD. There was no statistical evidence that MMRD use associated with different OS, RFS and incidence of GvHD compared to other donor types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the occurrence of liver complications in patients with myelofibrosis who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The study found that liver adverse events (AEs) were more common than expected, with 64% of patients experiencing liver AEs within the first 100 days after HSCT. The most common liver AEs were caused by the conditioning regimen. Risk factors for liver toxicity included worse performance status, higher comorbidity index, and higher prognostic scoring system score. The study also found that hyperbilirubinemia and hepatic graft-versus-host disease were associated with increased mortality. The text emphasizes the importance of monitoring liver complications in HSCT patients and suggests using imaging and biopsies to determine the cause and guide treatment. The study included various factors in the analysis and was approved by the appropriate ethics committee. [Extracted from the article]