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Objectives While a few studies have done on professional athletes’ cardiac adaptation and it has not performed about elite athletes yet, the question raises whether the long time endurance and resistance trainings have different morphological and functional effect on heart. The purpose of this study was to review the effect of training type on cardiac adaptations in elite Iranian athletes. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on elite athletes who came to Iran Sports Medicine Federation for Pre-Participation Examination of Major International Tournaments during autumn of 2015. Thirty-one elite male athletes were divided into dynamic (n = 9), static (n = 10) and combined (n = 12) groups according to their exercise components and control group was 12 non-athletic students. 2-dimensional echocardiography was performed and One-Way-ANOVA and LSD-post-hoc tests were applied (P ≤ 0.05) for comparing variables. Results The largest Fractional Shortening (FS), Inner Ventricular Septum (IVS), Septal Thickness (ST), and Left Ventricle Mass (LVM) belonged to Combined, Static, Dynamic, and control groups respectively. Ejection Fraction wasn’t different among groups (P = 0.13). LVM, ST, Left Ventricular Inner Dimension (LVID) and Posterior Wall Thickness (PWT) in diastole and systole were lesser in the control group (P = 0.001). LVID in diastole and systole was different in combined (P = 0.014) comparing to dynamic (P = 0.041). LVID in systole was different in combined comparing to static (P = 0.019) and LVM was different in combined comparing to dynamic (P = 0.012) as shown at Table 1. Conclusion Among the factors affecting morphological adaptations in athletes’ heart, type of training has an important role.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common disorder of neural involvement and the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Stretching and Massage Therapy on Pain and Function of Females suffering Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. This Randomised Clinical Trial was implemented on 30 females (age: 32 + 4, height: 165 + 8, and weight: 62 + 6) who divided into 3 groups of 10 persons. First group received 20 session of massage therapy while the second had 20 session of stretching exercises and the third group just used the wrist brace. Standard Visual Analogue Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Boston questionnaire have been used. Descriptive statistics were used for stratifying data and Shapiro test, independent T-test and U Mann Whitney test were used for analysis of data by SPPS version 18. Based on U Mann Whitney test, the effect of massage therapy on pain reduction in CTS is significant (p = 0.5). It has also has shown that massage therapy is effective on severity of symptoms of CTS and improvement of wrist and hand function (p = 0.022), but it doesn’t have any significant impact on paresthesia (p = 0.281), range of motion (p = 0.655), grip force (p = 0.427), and pinch force (p = 0.145) of CTS patients. Independent T-test between stretching group and wrist brace group showed that stretching had a significant effect on pain (p = 0.017), function (p = 0.011), and severity of signs and symptoms of CTS (p = 0.024), but it didn’t have any meaningful impact on paresthesia (p = 0.176), range of motion (p = 0.0537), grip force (p = 0.0587), and pinch force (p = 0.481) of patients. It has been concluded that stretching and massage could be used for treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.