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Most engineering systems are subject to a wide range of possible uncertain future conditions. The probabilistic reliability analysis usually fails to address the problems of human error, subjectivity, and lack of system performance history and records. This paper explores the utility of the following fuzzy performance measures for evaluating the performance of a complex water supply system: (i) combined reliability–vulnerability, (ii) robustness, and (iii) resiliency. The regional water supply system for the City of London, Ontario, Canada, is used as the case study. The computational requirements for the implementation of the fuzzy performance measures and their sensitivity to different shapes of fuzzy membership functions are investigated. The study illustrates the capability of the fuzzy performance measures to handle uncertainty and identify critical system components. This can be of value in identifying the optimal level of improvement that will increase the overall system performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beijing is located in a semiarid region, and water shortage is a common problem in the city. Along with the rapid increase in water demand, due to fast socioeconomic development and an increase in population, a shortage of water resources and a deterioration of the water environment have become obstacles to sustainable socioeconomic development in Beijing. In the long run, sustainable water resources management, water conservation, and completion of the south to north water diversion project will solve the problem. This paper introduces the water resources situation in Beijing; analyzes future water demand; and discusses the actions of water saving, nontraditional water resources exploitation, wetland construction, and water environment protection. The paper also explains the importance of the south to north water diversion project and the general layout of the water supply strategy, water distribution system, and methods to efficiently use the diverted water in Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]