1. Changes in dietary and physical activity risk factors for type 2 diabetes in Alberta youth between 2005 and 2008
- Author
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Forbes, Laura E., Fraser, Shawn N., Downs, Shauna M., Storey, Kate E., Plotnikoff, Ronald C., Raine, Kim D., Spence, John C., Hanning, Rhona M., and McCargar, Linda J.
- Subjects
Exercise -- Health aspects ,Teenagers -- Health aspects ,Youth -- Health aspects ,Type 2 diabetes -- Risk factors ,Government ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Unhealthy dietary and physical inactivity patterns inspired many initiatives promoting healthy youth and healthy schools in Alberta between 2005 and 2008. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) between two province-wide samples of Alberta adolescents (2005 and 2008). METHODS: The dietary and physical activity (PA) patterns of Alberta youth were assessed in two cross-sectional studies of grade 7-10 students, one in 2005 (n=4936) and one in 2008 (n=5091), using a validated web-survey. For each diabetes risk factor, participants were classified as either at risk or not at risk, depending on their survey results relative to cut-off values. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to determine differences in risk factor prevalence between 2005 and 2008. RESULTS: Compared to 2005, mean BMI, energy intake, fat intake, glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) were lower in 2008 (p CONCLUSIONS: Improvements were observed between 2005 and 2008 in terms of the proportion of adolescents having specific risk factors for T2D. The cause of these changes could not be determined. Continued monitoring of adolescent lifestyle habits and monitoring of exposure to health promotion programming is recommended. KEY WORDS: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; adolescents; prevalence; risk factors; diet; physical activity OBJECTIF: Les habitudes alimentaires malsaines et l'inactivite physique ont inspire de nombreuses initiatives de promotion de la sante des jeunes et des ecoles en Alberta entre 2005 et 2008. Nous avons cherche a examiner les differences dans la prevalence des facteurs de risque lies aux habitudes de vie pour le diabete de type 2 (DT2) entre deux echantillons provinciaux d'adolescents albertains (2005 et 2008). METHODE: Les habitudes d'alimentation et d'activite physique des jeunes de l'Alberta ont ete evaluees a la faveur de deux etudes transversales aupres d'eleves de la 7e a la 10e annee, l'une en 2005 (n=4 936) et l'autre en 2008 (n=5 091), a l'aide d'un sondage en ligne valide. Pour chaque facteur de risque du diabete, les participants ont ete classes comme etant a risque ou non a risque selon leurs reponses au sondage par rapport aux valeurs limites. Des tests du khi-carre et des modeles de regression logistique ont servi a determiner les differences dans la prevalence des facteurs de risque entre 2005 et 2008. RESULTATS: Comparativement a 2005, l'IMC moyen, l'apport energetique, l'apport en matieres grasses, l'indice glycemique (IG) et la charge glycemique (CG) etaient plus faibles en 2008 (p CONCLUSIONS: Des ameliorations ont ete observees entre 2005 et 2008 dans la proportion d'adolescents presentant les facteurs de risque propres au DT2. Nous n'avons pas pu determiner la cause de ces changements. Il est recommande de continuer a surveiller les habitudes de vie des adolescents et leur exposition aux programmes de promotion de la sante. MOTS CLES: diabete de type 2; adolescent; prevalence; facteurs de risque; regime alimentaire; exercice physique La traduction du resume se trouve a la fin de l'article., Unhealthy dietary and physical activity patterns are prevalent among Canadian youth (1,2) and are implicated in increasing rates of early onset type 2 diabetes that have been observed in Canada. [...]
- Published
- 2013