1. Safety of expedited-surgery protocols in anticoagulant-treated patients with hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
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You, Daniel, Xu, Yan, Krzyzaniak, Halli, Korley, Robert, Carrier, Marc, and Schneider, Prism
- Subjects
Surgical research ,Anticoagulants (Medicine) -- Dosage and administration ,Hip joint -- Fractures ,Surgery, Experimental ,Medical protocols -- Research ,Fracture fixation -- Patient outcomes -- Complications and side effects ,Perioperative care -- Patient outcomes ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
Background: Perioperative management of patients with hip fracture patients receiving oral anticoagulants requires navigating the risks associated with surgical delay and perioperative hemostasis. The aim of this systematic review and metaanalysis was to evaluate the effect of expedited-surgery protocols on time to surgery and perioperative outcomes in anticoagulant-treated patients with hip fracture. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL from inception to May 5, 2020, to identify English-language studies reporting outcomes after expedited hip fracture surgery in patients receiving vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) before hospital admission. We performed a meta-analysis using Mantel-Haenszel weighting for dichotomous variables and inverse variance weighting for continuous variables. Results: Among the 4253 citations identified, 14 studies were included. In the 6 studies eligible for meta-analysis, compared to hip fracture surgery before implementation of a VKA-reversal protocol, surgery after implementation of such a protocol was associated with a significant reduction in time to surgery (mean difference 45.31 h, 95% confidence interval [CI] 15.81 h to 74.80 h). Expedited surgery (within 48 h) in patients who received DOACs preoperatively was not associated with increased surgical duration (mean difference -7.29 min, 95% CI -22.5 min to 7.95 min) or 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% CI 0.49 to 3.89) compared to patients who did not receive anticoagulants (control patients). However, expedited surgery in DOAC-treated patients was associated with an increased blood transfusion risk compared to control patients (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.96). Conclusion: Implementing a VKA-reversal protocol for patients with hip fracture is effective in decreasing time to surgery, without an increased bleeding risk. Performing hip fracture surgery within 48 hours in DOAC-treated patients is also safe, with a small increase in blood transfusion risk. Contexte : La prise en charge perioperatoire de patients sous anticoagulotherapie ayant subi une fracture de la hanche necessite la gestion des risques associes aux delais chirurgicaux et a l'hemostase perioperatoire. La presente revue systematique et metaanalyse a pour objectif d'evaluer les effets de protocoles chirurgicaux acceleres sur le delai d'acces a la chirurgie et les issues perioperatoires chez ces patients. Methodes : Nous avons interroge les bases MEDLINE, Embase et CENTRAL de leur creation au 5 mai 2020 pour recenser les etudes publiees en anglais qui traitaient des issues d'operations accelerees pour une fracture de la hanche chez des patients sous antivitamine K (AVK) ou anticoagulants oraux directs (AOD) avant leur hospitali sation. La meta-analyse a ete effectuee au moyen de la methode de Mantel-Haenszel pour les variables dichotomiques et de la ponderation par l'inverse de la variance pour les variables continues. Resultats : A partir des 4253 citations recensees, 14 etudes ont ete retenues. Dans les 6 etudes repondant aux criteres de la meta-analyse, l'operation pour une fracture de la hanche apres mise en oeuvre d'un protocole de desanticoagulation pour l'AVK a ete associee a une reduction significative de l'intervalle prechirurgical (difference moyenne 45,31 h, intervalle de confance [IC] de 95 % 15,81 h a 74,80 h), comparativement a la meme intervention avant la mise en place du protocole. La chirurgie acceleree (dans les 48 h) chez les patients sous AOD avant l'operation n'a pas ete associee a un allongement de la duree de l'intervention (difference moyenne -7,29 min, IC de 95 % -22,5 min a 7,95 min) ni a une augmentation de la mortalite dans les 30 jours (rapport de cotes [RC] 1,30, IC de 95 % 0,49 a 3,89), comparativement aux patients qui ne recevaient pas d'anticoagulotherapie (groupe temoin). Cependant, la chirurgie acceleree chez les patients sous AOD a ete associee a un risque accru de besoin de transfusion sanguine, comparativement au groupe temoin (RC 0,58, IC de 95 % 0,36 a 0,96). Conclusion : La mise en place d'un protocole de desanticoagulation pour l'AVK chez les patients ayant subi une fracture de la hanche reduit efficacement l'intervalle prechirurgical sans augmentation du risque de saignement. Il est egalement securitaire d'effectuer une operation pour une fracture de la hanche dans les 48 heures chez les patients sous AOD, quoique l'intervention soit associee a un risque legerement accru de transfusion sanguine., Each year, 340 000 people are admitted with acute hip fracture in the United States, accruing an estimated US$9.8 billion in health care costs. (1) Although oral anticoagulants (OACs), including [...]
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- 2023
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