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Resume : Les multinationales ont longtemps ete reconnues comme des piliers importants de l'economie canadienne, puisque ces entreprises sont responsables de la majorite des exportations du pays et d'une part importante de l'emploi. En meme temps, selon une opinion largement repandue, les multinationales seraient moins ancrees dans l'economie canadienne et auraient par consequent plus tendance a proceder a des delocalisations: c'est cette perception que les auteurs tentent de verifier dans cet article, grâce a des combinaisons de donnees canadiennes au niveau des entreprises. Les resultats montrent que les multinationales (etrangeres et canadiennes) ont effectivement plus tendance a proceder a des delocalisations, mais que cela n'est pas necessairement du au fait qu'elles sont moins ancrees dans l'economie canadienne. Les auteurs observent egalement differentes associations entre les delocalisations et certaines caracteristiques des entreprises (dont la productivite) selon le type de delocalisation (intra-entreprise ou inter-entreprise, par exemple) et la nature des activites delocalisees (certains types de services ou la production de biens, par exemple). Abstract: Multinational enterprises (MNEs) have long been recognized as important pillars of Canada's national economy, accounting for the majority of its exports and an important share of its employment. At the same time, there is a widespread perception that MNEs are less rooted in the local economy and are thus more likely to conduct offshoring. In this study, we investigate the latter claim by combining various Canadian firm-level data sets. We find that MNEs (both Canadian and foreign headquartered) are indeed more likely to offshore but suggest that it is not necessarily because they are less rooted in the Canadian economy. We also show different associations between offshoring and firm characteristics (including productivity) depending on the type of offshoring (e.g., intrafirm or interfirm offshoring) and the type of business activity offshored (e.g., certain types of service vs. goods production).

This paper analyzes the reasons for the Canada-US labour productivity gap, which is mainly explained by the multifactor productivity (MFP) gap. Based on panel data for 41 industries, the regression results show that differences in the machinery and equipment (M&E) capital-labour ratio, trade openness, and capacity utilization explain differences in the Canada-US MFP gap across industries. The M&E capital intensity gap is the dominant source of the MFP gap. Lower wages, R&D intensity, and skills levels, as well as higher investment goods prices in Canada are the major determinants of the M&E capital intensity gap.