1. Coffee Consumption and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Sex: The Liver Cancer Pooling Project
- Author
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Deborah A. Boggs, Michael C. R. Alavanja, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Barry I. Graubard, Peter T. Campbell, Lindsay Y. King, Martha S. Linet, Dawn Q. Chong, Katherine A. McGlynn, Catherine Schairer, John Michael Gaziano, Gabriel Y. Lai, Mark P. Purdue, Julie R. Palmer, Edward Giovannucci, Laura Beane-Freeman, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Susan M. Gapstur, Howard D. Sesso, Jill Koshiol, Jessica L. Petrick, Charles S. Fuchs, Alice J. Sigurdson, Andrew T. Chan, I-Min Lee, Kim Robien, Julie E. Buring, Jenny N. Poynter, Albert R. Hollenbeck, Neal D. Freedman, and Vikrant V. Sahasrabuddhe
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Epidemiology ,Population ,Drinking ,Lower risk ,Gastroenterology ,Coffee ,Article ,Cholangiocarcinoma ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sex Factors ,Internal medicine ,Caffeine ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ,Aged ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Liver Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Bile Duct Neoplasms ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Female ,Liver cancer ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background: Coffee consumption has been reported to be inversely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer. Caffeine has chemopreventive properties, but whether caffeine is responsible for the coffee–HCC association is not well studied. In addition, few studies have examined the relationship by sex, and no studies have examined whether there is an association between coffee and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), the second most common type of liver cancer. Methods: In the Liver Cancer Pooling Project, a consortium of U.S.-based cohort studies, data from 1,212,893 individuals (HCC, n = 860; ICC, n = 260) in nine cohorts were pooled. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using proportional hazards regression. Results: Higher coffee consumption was associated with lower risk of HCC (HR>3 cups/day vs. non-drinker, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.53–0.99; Ptrend cups/day = 3 cups/day vs. non-drinker, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.50–1.01) than decaffeinated coffee (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.55–1.54). There was no association between coffee consumption and ICC. Conclusions: These findings suggest that, in a U.S. population, coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of HCC. Impact: Further research into specific coffee compounds and mechanisms that may account for these associations is needed. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(9); 1398–406. ©2015 AACR.
- Published
- 2015