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Wu X, Xu Q, Chen P, et al. Cancer Manag Res. 2019;11:8125–8133. We, the Editor and Publisher of Cancer Management and Therapy are retracting the published article. Concerns were raised following the authors request to correct images in Figure 5. It was found some of the images had been duplicated. Specifically, Images from Figure 5A, shRNA-SMYD3-3, and 5B, Control, shRNA-NC and shRNA-SMYD3-3 have regions of overlap and duplication. When approached for an explanation, the authors were cooperative but were unable to adequately address the concerns raised and could not provide sufficient supporting information. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The authors listed in this publication have been informed and agree with this decision. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Cuihong Wang,1 Guanying Yu,2 Ying Xu,1 Chengfei Liu,1 Qian Sun,1 Wenqing Li,1 Junhua Sun,1 Yuhua Jiang,1 Lan Ye1 1Cancer Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lan YeCancer Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail sdeyyelan@email.sdu.edu.cnIntroduction: Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Radiation is a key therapy in glioma. However, the radioresistance of glioma was a big challenge. HLA complex P5 (HCP5) has been reported dysregulated in several types of malignant tumor, including glioma. The role of HCP5 in the radiosensitivity of glioma is so far unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of HCP5 on radiosensitivity in gliomas.Methods: The levels of HCP5 and microRNA (miR)-128 were detected using qRT-PCR. The cell growth curve was used to show the cell proliferation and evaluate the radiosensitivity of glioma cells following exposure to X-ray. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining was used to test the cellular senescence. Luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to determine the correlation between HCP5 and miR-128.Results: HCP5 level of glioma cells was significantly higher than human astrocytes, whereas miR-128 level was lower in glioma cells. Besides, the HCP5 expression was increased in glioma tissues compared to normal brain tissues (NBTs). Knockdown of HCP5 inhibited cell proliferation and increased radiosensitivity in glioma cells. MiR-128 was predicted to be a target of HCP5. It was demonstrated that HCP5 directly bound to miR-128 and regulated its expression in glioma cells. Furthermore, the effects of HCP5 knockdown on radiosensitivity of glioma cells were attenuated by the inhibitor of miR-128.Conclusion: These findings suggested that interaction between lncRNA HCP5 and microRNA-128 could regulate the radiosensitivity of glioma cells by intervening in cellular senescence. This might be used as the potential radio-sensitization targets for glioma therapy.Keywords: glioma, radiosensitivity, HLA complex P5, microRNA-128, cellular senescence

Daqing Yang,1 Rizeng Li,1 Jianfu Xia,1 Wencai Li,1 Lili Ma,2 Lechi Ye,3 Haibo Xue4 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 4The First Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Haibo XueThe First Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail xuehaibo0409@163.comBackground: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential functions in the development of several cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, how PCAT18 regulates CRC tumorigenesis remains unclear. In this research, we aimed to investigate the roles of PCAT18 in CRC.Materials and Methods: qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to analyze RNA and protein levels. CCK8, colony formation, transwell and wound healing assays were utilized to analyze proliferation, migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze RNA interactions.Results: PCAT18 was found to be highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells. PCAT18 level was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Functionally, PCAT18 silencing induced impairment of CRC proliferation, migration and invasion. Besides, PCAT18 was identified to inhibit miR-759. PCAT18 promotes SPRR3 expression through binding to miR-759. Furthermore, miR-759 inhibitors or SPRR3 ectopic expression partially rescued the abilities of proliferation, migration and invasion in CRC cells transfected with sh-PCAT18.Conclusion: Therefore, our study demonstrated that PCAT18 contributes to CRC progression through regulating miR-759/SPRR3 axis, which provides a new theoretical basis of explaining CRC tumorigenesis.Keywords: long noncoding RNA, PCAT18, miR-759, SPRR3, colorectal cancer

Xiang Wu,1,2 Qingjiang Xu,1,2 Pingzhou Chen,1,2 Chenbo Yu,1,2 Liefu Ye,1,2 Chen Huang,1,3 Tao Li1,21Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tao LiDepartment of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 1 370 507 8075Email 80205105@qq.comPurpose: Our goal was to investigate the effect of SMYD3 on the biological behavior and histone 3 lysine-4 (H3K4) methylation of bladder cancer (BLAC).Patients and methods: qRT-PCR identified that SMYD3 expression level in BLAC cell lines (T24, 5637, BUI-87 and J-82) and human normal uroepithelial cell line SV-HUC1. We also constructed green fluorescence protein lentiviral vector using the gene short hairpin RNA (shRNA) system. We used Western blot to analyze the SMYD3, H3K4me1, H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 expression levels in shRNA transfection lines. We also performed a colony-forming assay to determine colony-forming ability, cell counting kit-8 for cell proliferation detection, Transwell assay to determine cell migration and invasion and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining to analyze cell apoptosis.Results: The SMYD3 expression level was significantly higher in BLAC cell lines (T24, 5637, BUI-87 and J-82) than in human normal uroepithelial cell line SV-HUC1, and exhibited the highest expression level in T24 cells, among the cell lines tested. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis results showed that SMYD3 was successfully suppressed in shRNA transfection lines, and identified that SMYD3 suppression resulted inhibited H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 but not H3K4me1. SMYD3 knockdown cells accelerated cell apoptosis and exhibited low cell colony-forming ability, proliferation ability, inhibition of cell migration and invasion compared with normal cells.Conclusion: SMYD3 may be activated in BLAC cells to increase H3K4 activity to modulate cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. The data will be a useful source for future therapy.Keywords: SMYD3, H3K4 methylation, bladder cancer, cell proliferation

Rizeng Li,1 BinBin Wu,2 Jianfu Xia,1 Lechi Ye,3 Xiaoping Yang41Department of Colorectal Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Pingyang County, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Digestive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaPurpose: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are recently identified new noncoding RNAs and play an important role in tumorigenesis. Previous studies have indicated that hsa_circRNA_102958 is a potential diagnostic indicator in gastric cancer. However, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is poorly understood.Methods: qRT-PCR and ISH were used to test gene expression in tissues. Survival rate was analzyed by Kaplan-Meier curve. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the interaction between circRNA and miRNA or between miRNA and mRNA. Western blotting was used to test protein expression. CCK8 and colony formation assay was used to analyze proliferation. Transwell assay was used for migration and invasion determination.Results: In our research, we found that hsa_circRNA_102958 expression was significantly increased in CRC tissues, compared to adjacent normal controls. Increased hsa_circRNA_102958 levels in CRC patients indicated a poor prognosis. The effects of hsa_circRNA_102958 on CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were then determined by CCK8, colony formation and Transwell assays. We showed that hsa_circRNA_102958 silencing markedly suppressed CRC growth, migration and invasion. Furthermore, hsa_circRNA_102958 was identified as a sponge for miR-585. We demonstrated that hsa_circRNA_102958 promoted CDC25B expression through inhibiting miR-585 in CRC. Rescue assays illustrated that CDC25B overexpression reversed the suppressive effects of hsa_circRNA_102958 silencing on CRC.Conclusion: Taken together, our findings revealed the novel oncogenic roles of hsa_circRNA_102958 in CRC through miR-585/CDC25B axis.Keywords: hsa_circRNA_102958, miR-585, CDC25B, proliferation, invasion

Pei-Wen Zhu,* Ying-Xin Gong,* You-Lan Min, Qi Lin, Biao Li, Wen-Qing Shi, Qing Yuan, Lei Ye, Yi ShaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China*These authors have contributed equally to this workPurpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor of the digestive tract that tends to metastasize and leads to high mortality. Ocular metastases (OM) from colorectal cancer are being increasingly diagnosed, and they can lead to a poor prognosis. Serum lipids are a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and are also relevant to the occurrence of CRC. In this study, we examined the levels of serum lipids and tried to determine whether there were correlations with the occurrence of OM in patients with colorectal cancer, in order to determine whether serum lipid levels may be a risk factor for OM in this patient population.Patients and methods: Records from a total of 703 patients treated for colorectal cancer from August 2005 to August 2017 were involved in this study. Student’s t-tests, nonparametric rank sum tests, and Chi-square tests were applied to describe whether there were significant differences between the OM group and non-ocular metastases (NOM) group. We used binary logistic regression analysis to determine the risk factors and receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses to assess the diagnostic value for OM in CRC patients.Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, histopathology type, or tumor classifications between the OM and NOM groups. The levels of serum TC, HDL, and LDL were significantly different between patients with and without lymph node metastases as well as male and female patients. The OM group had higher serum HDL levels compared to the NOM group. Binary logistic regression indicated that HDL was a risk factor for OM in colorectal cancer patients. The ROC curves showed that the AUC of HDL was 0.660. The cutoff value of HDL was 1.27 mmol/L, with a sensitivity of 0.619 and a specificity of 0.650. Conclusion: HDL levels are correlated with ocular metastases in colorectal cancer patients. Keywords: high-density lipoprotein, ocular metastases, colorectal cancer, independent risk factor

Teming Zhang,1,* Zheng Han,1,* Arvine Chandoo,1,* Xincheng Huang,1 Xiangwei Sun,1 Lele Ye,2 Changyuan Hu,3 Xiangyang Xue,2 Yingpeng Huang,1 Xian Shen,1 Wenjun Chang,4 Xiaoming Lin5 1Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Environmental Hygiene, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background and aim: Periostin is a protein from the Fascilin family. It is commonly present in normal tissues and is responsible for cell adhesion. Evidence has emerged showing that changes in periostin expression play an important role in tumor initiation, development, and progression. This study aims to investigate the effect of periostin in gastric cancer (GC) patients who underwent gastrectomy. Seven hundred and forty-seven GC patients who underwent gastrectomy between December 2006 and July 2011 were included in this study. Methods: Seven hundred and forty-seven cancer tissues and 70 paired adjacent normal tissues were collected. Periostin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to study the association between the mRNA level and patient’s overall survival. The tumor microenvironment was also studied. Results: Periostin expression in stroma was downregulated in tumor tissues but it was upregulated in the epithelial cells. After dividing the tissues according to the Lauren Classification, we found that periostin expression in stroma and epithelial cells was higher in intestinal type than in diffuse type (P

Qianqian Zhao, Gang Chen, Luxi Ye, Zhaochong Zeng, Shiming Shi, Jian He Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Purpose: Following surgery for early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), de novo pulmonary tumors are common. This study aimed to assess the efficacy, patterns of failure, and toxicity of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the treatment of de novo pulmonary tumors following curative resection of early stage NSCLC.Patients and methods: We reviewed the medical data of patients who had received definitive intent SBRT for small lung cancer at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, between June 2011 and December 2017. Patients who had experienced complete resection for prior early stage NSCLC before SBRT were identified for further analysis. Incidences of locoregional recurrence (LR) and distant metastasis (DM) were evaluated using the alternative cumulative incidence competing risk method. The probability of survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.Results: A total of 33 patients with 36 lesions were eligible and included in this study. The median follow-up time was 32 months. Estimated incidences of LR and DM were 37.62% and 15.92%, respectively, at 1 year and 48.02% and 21.23%, respectively, at 2 years. The progression-free survival and overall survival of all patients were 62.40% and 90.30%, respectively, at 1 year and 52.00% and 69.90%, respectively, at 2 years. In all, 26 patients experienced grade 1 SBRT-related toxicity, 11 patients experienced grade 2 SBRT-related toxicity, and three patients experienced grade 3 toxicity. There were no grade 4/5 toxicities or SBRT-related deaths during the follow-up period.Conclusion: SBRT appears to be a safe and potentially effective alternative therapeutic option for de novo pulmonary tumors following early stage NSCLC radical resection, despite impaired pulmonary reserve. Keywords: stereotactic body radiotherapy, de novo pulmonary tumors, surgical resection, clinical outcomes

Xiaorong Zhou,1 Manli Xu,2 Yonghong Guo,1 Ling Ye,1 Limin Long,1 Haiqin Wang,1 Pan Tan,1 Meili Xu1 1Department of Gerontology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; 2Department of Basic Medicine, Guizhou College of Health Professions, Tongren, Guizhou, 554300, China Background: miRNAs are potential regulators of genes in many cancers. Here, we confirmed that the expression of miR-588 decreased in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cells.Materials and methods: Sixty-seven GC tissues along with noncancerous tissues adjacent to them were included in the study. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR study was done to quantify the expression levels of mature miRNA. The expression of proteins was determined by Western blot and transwell chamber assay for invasion and migration studies. Immunohistochemical analysis and luciferase assay were done for evaluating the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and activity of EIF5A2, respectively. In vivo metastatic assay was done by injecting MGC-803 cells into nude mice.Results: In the 5-year predicted survival study of GC patients included in the study, we found that miR-588 acted as a specific prognostic marker. Overexpression of miR-588 resulted in suppression of cell invasion, migration and progression of EMT, whereas suppression of miR-588 inverted the effects in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. miR-588 retained EIF5A2 by directly binding to the 3´-UTR. EIF5A2 was overexpressed in GC tissue samples, and the expression of miR-588 was inversely correlated to the levels of EIF5A2. The impact of miR-588 on invasion, migration and progression of EMT may be partially due to miR-588–mediated alterations of EiF5A2.Conclusion: Overall, the findings of the study suggest that miR-588 acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating the invasion, migration and EMT via EIF5A2 pathway, hence presenting miR-588 as a prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target for GC. Keywords: miR-588, gastric cancer, EIF5A2, EMT

Ronald Wihal Oei,1,2,* Lulu Ye,1,2,* Fangfang Kong,1,2 Chengrun Du,1,2 Ruiping Zhai,1,2 Tingting Xu,1,2 Chunying Shen,1,2 Xiaoshen Wang,1,2 Xiayun He,1,2 Lin Kong,1,2 Chaosu Hu,1,2 Hongmei Ying1,2 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: The aim of this article is to investigate the significance of pretreatment prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and their combination in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).Materials and methods: A total of 585 patients were included. PNI and SII were calculated within 2 weeks prior to treatment. The optimal cutoff points were determined based on receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. The correlation between variables was analyzed. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were performed to evaluate the impact of both indices on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Further propensity score matching (PSM) was carried out to minimize the effects of confounders. Results: The optimal cutoff point of 53.0 for PNI and 527.20 for SII were selected. Pearson correlation coefficient showed an inverse correlation between PNI and SII (r = –0.232, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that pretreatment PNI was an independent prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.047) and DMFS (P = 0.002) while pretreatment SII was an independent prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.003), PFS (P = 0.002), and DMFS (P = 0.002). After PSM, both parameters remained as independent prognosticators of survival. Additional prognostic value was observed in the combined use of PNI and SII.Conclusion: Pretreatment PNI and SII are promising indicators of survival in NPC patients undergoing IMRT. They can be utilized to refine current TNM staging system in predicting prognosis and developing an individualized treatment in these patients. Keywords: prognostic nutritional index, systemic immune-inflammation index, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, prognostic factor, survival

Lu-Lu Ye,1,2,* Jia Rao,2,3,* Xing-Wen Fan,1,2 Qing-Hai Ji,2,4 Chao-Su Hu,1,2 Hong-Mei Ying1,2 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China; 2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China; 3Department of Pathology, 4Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: To analyze the potential variables affecting the survival of patients undergoing primary surgery for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Patients and methods: Between August 2007 and December 2016, 93 patients with primary hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas undergoing radical surgery at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were reviewed. The clinicopathological features were analyzed retrospectively. The optimal cutoff values were determined based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the correlations between variables. The Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods were used to evaluate the impact of variables on overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and disease-free survival (DFS).Results: Cox multivariate analysis revealed that a depth of invasion (DOI) ≥ 4.3 mm was correlated with inferior OS (P=0.045), DSS (P=0.046), and DFS (P=0.046). A primary tumor volume (PTV) ≥0.36 mL was related to poor OS (P=0.018), DSS (P=0.026), and DFS (P=0.036). A lymph node density (LND) ≥0.07 was also associated with worse OS (P=0.014) and DSS (P=0.045). Moreover, additional prognostic value was observed in the combined use of PTV and LND.Conclusion: The DOI, PTV, and LND obtained from the surgical specimens could provide additional valuable information for prognostic stratification and allowed the more appropriate selection of suitable candidates for more aggressive adjuvant therapy. Keywords: hypopharynx, surgery, depth of invasion, primary tumor volume, lymph node density, survival

Mei Mei,1 Ligang Ye,2 Juan Quan,1 Pintong Huang1 1Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; 2Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China Purpose: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new technique used to distinguish benign from metastatic superficial lymph nodes (LNs) with variable accuracy. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the accuracy of CEUS for the diagnosis of superficial metastatic LNs.Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed until April 2018. Nine articles reporting the diagnosis of 436 LNs by CEUS were investigated. The Mantel–Haenszel and DerSimonian–Laird methods were used to analyze pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic OR, positive likelihood ratio (LR), and negative LR, and a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was also evaluated.Results: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CEUS for the differential diagnosis of benign and metastatic superficial LNs were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83–0.92) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74–0.85), respectively. The pooled positive LR, negative LR, and diagnostic OR were 4.36 (95% CI, 2.38–7.99), 0.17 (95% CI, 0.10–0.31), and 32.75 (95% CI, 11.08–96.84), respectively. SROC area under the curve (AUC) was 0.9288. The subgroup analysis excluding outliers implied that the heterogeneity was almost eliminated, and the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81–0.92) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.71–0.85), respectively. The SROC AUC was 0.8950.Conclusion: CEUS, a novel imaging modality for the characterization of superficial LNs, shows a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of superficial metastatic LNs. The different diagnostic standards, contrast agents, and contrast modes contribute to a considerable level of heterogeneity among studies. A uniform standard for distinguishing between benign and metastatic LNs is needed for further clinical application. Keywords: contrast-enhanced ultrasound, benign, metastatic, lymph nodes, meta-analysis