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Simple Summary: Targeted therapy and chemotherapy are the mainstays of treatment to improve the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). When RAS and BRAF genes are normal, a molecular target treatment with an anti-EGFR antagonist is prescribed. Anti-EGFR antagonists induce skin responses in 50–70% of patients. There is an ongoing debate about whether the severe skin reactions brought on by anti-EGFR antagonists are associated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). mCRC patients who received anti-EGFR therapy between October 2017 and October 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Treatment with an anti-EGFR medication in the first-line setting was significantly associated with OS and PFS. In grades 1 and 2, there was no difference in the incidence of acne between males and females, although in grades 3 and 4, males were at a higher risk than females. In this study, skin toxicity did not predict the effectiveness of the anti-EGFR medication. The primary treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) consists of targeted therapy and chemotherapy to improve survival. A molecular target drug with an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antagonist is recommended when the RAS and BRAF genes are normal. About 50–70% of patients using anti-EGFR antagonists will experience skin reactions. Some studies have shown that severe skin reactions caused by anti-EGFR antagonists may be linked to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), but the results are still uncertain. These data of mCRC patients who underwent anti-EGFR therapy between October 2017 and October 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 111 patients were included in this study. The survival results showed that gender, age, body mass index, primary tumor site, and recurrence did not significantly affect OS and PFS. However, the first-line anti-EGFR inhibitor treatment was significantly associated with OS (p < 0.001) and PFS (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of acne between males and females in grades 1 and 2, while males have a greater risk in grades 3 and 4 than females (20.3 vs. 4.8%; p-value = 0.041). Skin toxicity was not a predictor of anti-EGFR treatment response in this investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Inflammatory reactions may lead to systemic inflammation and cancer growth. Some inflammatory indicators are effective predictors of colorectal cancer in ordinary clinical practice. The objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of a novel cancer-inflammation prognostic index (CIPI) marker derived from multiplying carcinoembryonic antigen by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio value obtained for non-metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients who underwent radical resection for stage I to stage III primary colorectal cancer between January 1995 and December 2018 were included in this study for further investigation. The group with a high CIPI had considerably lower relapse-free survival and overall survival rates, as well as a greater incidence of recurrence. Both univariate and multivariate analyses found that a high CIPI was an independent prognostic factor for survival analysis. This research is the first to demonstrate that CIPI is an independent factor that can be used to predict the outcome of colorectal cancer. Inflammatory reactions play a crucial role in cancer progression and may contribute to systemic inflammation. In routine clinical practice, some inflammatory biomarkers can be utilized as valuable predictors for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to determine the usefulness of a novel cancer-inflammation prognostic index (CIPI) marker derived from calculating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) multiplied by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values established for non-metastatic CRCs. Between January 1995 and December 2018, 12,092 patients were diagnosed with stage I to III primary CRC and had radical resection—they were all included in this study for further investigation. There were 5996 (49.6%) patients in the low-CIPI group and 6096 (50.4%) patients in the high-CIPI group according to the cutoff value of 8. For long-term outcomes, the high-CIPI group had a significantly higher incidence of recurrence (30.6% vs. 16.0%, p < 0.001) and worse relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates (p < 0.001). High CIPI was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS in univariate and multivariate analyses. This research is the first to document the independent significance of CIPI as a prognostic factor for CRC. To ensure that it works, this CIPI needs to be tested on more CRC prediction models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: To treat locally advanced rectal cancer with a multimodality approach has led to improved oncological outcomes. Despite the trend of intensification of neoadjuvant therapy, surgery remains the mainstay treatment for rectal cancer. Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) was shown to provide a better distal resection margin, less circumferential resection margin involvement, and a better short-term outcome than laparoscopic TME (LapTME) for mid-low rectal cancer. However, diverse oncological results were reported recently. We aimed to analyze the short- and long-term outcomes of TaTME compared with LapTME in patients with lower rectal cancer. Our results showed that TaTME had similar histopathological results and postoperative outcomes as LapTME, even in the learning curve. However, a better DFS (72% vs. 56.6%, p = 0.038) and fewer LR events (9.5% vs. 23.8%, p = 0.031) were observed after TaTME. Thus, TaTME can be considered a safe and feasible approach in patients with low rectal cancer. Studies have reported positive short-term and histopathological results of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for mid-low rectal cancer. The long-term oncological outcomes are diverse, and concerns regarding the high local recurrence (LR) rate of TaTME have recently increased. We retrospectively analyzed 298 consecutive patients who underwent Laparoscopic TME (LapTME) or TaTME between January 2015 and December 2019. Propensity score-matching (PSM) was performed with patients matched for demographics and stage. After PSM, 63 patients were included in each group. The TaTME group had a longer mean operative time (394 vs. 333 min, p < 0.001). The blood loss, diverting stoma rate, and conversion rate were similar. Postoperatively, TaTME and LapTME had compatible complications, recovery, and hospital stay. A similar specimen quality was detected in both groups. After a mean follow-up period of 41–47 months, TaTME had less LR than LapTME (9.5% vs. 23.8%, p = 0.031). The 3-year overall survival was 80.3% in the TaTME group and 73.6% in the LapTME group (p = 0.331). The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 72.0% in the TaTME group and 56.6% in the LapTME group (p = 0.038). In conclusion, better DFS and fewer LR events were observed after TaTME; thus, TaTME can be considered a safe and feasible approach in patients with low rectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]