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This research is conducted to determine the relation between symptoms of premenstrual term of nurses who work in Kars and predisposition to somatization. This is a cross-sectional research. The population of this research are consisted of 108 nurses who work in Kars Kafkas University Training and Research Hospital in the process of the study. Any sample from population is not selected however 87 nurses who are proper for study criterias and present at the time of research participated voluntarily. During data collection Survey, premenstrual syndrome scale and somatization scale are used by researcher. Descriptive statistics (average, standard deviation, minimum, maximum), frequencies for categorical variables (score, percentage), t test, Mann Whitney U, Pearson Corelation, Kruskal-Wallis test are used while data evaluation. The level of Premenstrual Syndrom of the participants 124,80±42,969. Somatization level is 14,49±5,471. It is found 49% positive way relation between Somatization and Premenstrual Syndrom as a result of corelation analysis applied. As a result of research it is determined that there is a signicifant relation between Premenstrual Syndrom and Somatization. It is detected that women who has Premenstrual Syndrom are negatively affected in daily and working life.

Kanser tedavisinde son yıllarda başarı oranını artıran ilaç ve yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Ancak toksisitesi düşük ve yüksek derecede etkili bir ilaç üretilememiştir. Bu araştırma akciğer (A549) ve meme kanseri (MDA-MB-231) hücre hatlarında sodyum fenilpirüvatın antitümöral etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada distile suyla sodyum fenilpirüvatın değişik yoğunluklarda çözeltileri hazırlandı. Bu çözeltilerden içerisinde 1x103 adet kanser hücresi bulunan mikropleyt kuyucuklarına sırasıyla kontrol, 0.0375 mM, 0.075 mM, 0.15 mM, 0.3 mM, 0.6 mM, 1.2 mM ve 2.4 mM’lik konsantrasyonlarından 100 mikrolitre hacimlerde ilave edildi. Aynı doz sağlıklı hücrelere de uygulandı. Her kuyucuğa 24, 48 ve 72. saatlerde CVDK-8 Cell Viability Test kitinden (Eco-Tech) 10’ar µL eklendi ve 1 saat sonra mikropleytlerin 450 nm dalga boyunda verdikleri absorbansları spektrofotometrede ölçülerek hücrelerin yoğunlukları belirlendi. Kontrol ve deney gruplarından elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiki yönden değerlendirildi. Deney gruplarda kontrole göre kanser hücre sayılarının azaldığı, hücre katlanma sayılarının ise arttığı tespit edildi. Kontrole göre en fazla azalma Akciğer Karsinom hücre hattında 2,4 mM dozda 24. saatte, Meme Adenokarsinom hücre hattında 2,4 mM dozda 72. saatte ve Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) hattında 1,2 mM dozda 48. saatte olduğu tespit edildi. Sodyum fenilpirüvatın akciğer ve meme kanseri hücreleri üzerine in vitro şartlarda antitümöral etki gösterdiği sonucuna varıldı.

When the graft donor areas are evaluated in terms of bone reserve and functional aspects, it can be said that the iliac site has outstanding properties. However, complications of graft harvesting operations performed from various iliac donor sites have been reported by many researchers. Numerous studies have been carried out in the literature to reduce these complications, and to increase the success of the operation. However, biomechanical comparison of anterior and posterior iliac graft harvesting operations is one of the gaps in the literature. This study aims to assess both biomechanical behavior and bone graft reserve comparison of the two surgical operation alternatives. According to the FEA results of the study, posterior iliac graft harvesting provides 264% more trabecular bone reserve than anterior operation. However, this rate is 132% for cortical bone. When the models are compared, anterior osteotomy model has a 8.6% higher von Mises strain compared to the posterior osteotomy model. Results of the present study has shown that the region with the highest stress value in the cortical bone is the sacroiliac joint for both models. While posterior graft harvesting operation offers advantages in terms of morbidity rate, joint fracture risk and graft reserve, anterior operation can be preferred in terms of operational ease and the sacroiliac joint stability. However, since results obtained may be affected by the factors such as the amount of graft harvested, the patient's bone quality, anatomical differences, age and gender, it has been evaluated that the success of the operation may be enhanced by carrying out a patient-specific approach for modeling and analysis steps.

This paper is aimed at constructing a topology on fuzzy hypersoft sets. The concepts of fuzzy hypersoft topology, fuzzy hypersoft open(closed) sets, fuzzy hypersoft interior, fuzzy hypersoft closure, fuzzy hypersoft base and fuzzy hypersoft subspace topology are also introduced here and some important theorems have been established.

Recent studies have revealed that boron compounds can be effective in the treatment of obesity, which is known to be one of the most dangerous and complex health problems of this age. In this study, the therapeutic effect of boron molecules in the diet on obesity was investigated. For this purpose, the effects of boron compounds on Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels and paraoxanase (PON) activity were investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet. The study material was 40 Sprague Dawley rats 4-5 months old with a mean live weight of 226.95 ± 5.75 g. Animals were divided into 4 groups as Group I (normal diet), Group II (High fat), Group III (High fat + Boric Acid) and Group IV (Boric Acid). Six weeks after the experiment, blood samples were taken from the animals and TAS, TOS, HDL levels and PON activity were measured from the samples. In addition, the live weight changes of the animals were recorded. At the end of the study, we found that boric acid given in addition to drinking water did not significantly change TAS level and PON activity, but increased TOS and HDL levels. In addition, the weight average of the group treated with boric acid decreased. As a result, boric acid did not have an effect on the antioxidant system, but it caused an increase in HDL level and a decrease in PON activity. In addition, boric acid can be effective in lowering body weight.

Eğitim ömür boyu devam eden bir süreçtir. Bu süreç, teknolojinin de gelişmesi ile devamlı ilerleme göstermektedir. Sürekli gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte, eğitimde kullanılan öğretim teknikleri, materyaller ve uygulamaların da teknoloji ile eş zamanlı gelişim gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bu gelişmelerden biri de Artırılmış Gerçeklik Teknolojisidir. Artırılmış Gerçeklik, gerçek dünya nesneleri yerine dijital ortam ürünlerinin kullanıldığı gerçeklik ortamıdır. Eğitimde artırılmış gerçeklik ile ilgili çalışmalarda ağırlığın daha çok fen bilimleri alanında yoğunlaştığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada alan yazındaki Fen Bilimleri eğitiminde artırılmış gerçekliğe yönelik araştırmaların incelenmesi ve bu araştırmalardaki potansiyel boşlukların ve eksikliklerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemi doküman incelemesidir. Bu amaçla bir değerlendirme rubriğine yer verilmiştir. Bu rubriğe göre 30 farklı artırılmış gerçeklik içerikli akademik çalışma incelenmiştir. Daha sonra bu rubrikten elde edilen veriler, betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur.Çalışma sonucunda, artırılmış gerçeklikle ilgili çalışmalarda, değerlendirme aşamalarında önemli eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca içeriğin oluşturulması ve çalışmanın uyumluluğu açısından da bazı temel problemler belirlenmiştir., Eğitim ömür boyu devam eden bir süreçtir. Bu süreç, teknolojinin de gelişmesi ile devamlı ilerleme göstermektedir. Sürekli gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte, eğitimde kullanılan öğretim teknikleri, materyaller ve uygulamaların da teknoloji ile eş zamanlı gelişim gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bu gelişmelerden biri de Artırılmış Gerçeklik Teknolojisidir. Artırılmış Gerçeklik, gerçek dünya nesneleri yerine dijital ortam ürünlerinin kullanıldığı gerçeklik ortamıdır. Eğitimde artırılmış gerçeklik ile ilgili çalışmalarda ağırlığın daha çok fen bilimleri alanında yoğunlaştığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada alan yazındaki Fen Bilgisi eğitiminde artırılmış gerçekliğe yönelik araştırmaların incelenmesi ve bu araştırmalardaki potansiyel boşlukların ve eksikliklerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın yöntemi doküman incelemesidir. Bu amaçla bir değerlendirme rubriğine yer verilmiştir. Bu rubriğe göre 30 farklı artırılmış gerçeklik içerikli akademik çalışma incelenmiştir. Daha sonra bu rubrikten elde edilen veriler, betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur.Çalışma sonucunda, artırılmış gerçeklikle ilgili çalışmalarda, değerlendirme aşamalarında önemli eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca içeriğin oluşturulması ve çalışmanın uyumluluğu açısından da bazı temel problemler belirlenmiştir.

Absrtact COVID-19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first detected in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. There is currently no effective treatment or immunization for the virus, and it is spreading rapidly with a high mortality rate. As a crucial CoV enzyme involved in initiating both viral replication and transcription, the COVID-19 main protease (Mpro) is an appealing target for researchers. Novel therapeutics are urgently required to treat the early stages of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, to find potential COVID-19 Mpro inhibitors, naphthoquinones from the Onosma genus were screened to find out their possible effects on the Mpro enzyme. In this study, we employed a range of computational approaches, including molecular docking and MM-GBSA, to uncover potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro from existing natural product databases. According to our findings, the molecules deoxyshikonin, 3-hydroxy-isovalerylshikonin, propionylshikonin, and acetylshikonin have high binding affinities for the Mpro enzyme. In addition, it was observed that the other shikonin compounds have anti-Mpro enzyme activity. Docking simulations and molecular mechanics suggest that shikonin derivatives might be effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds.

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) areas contain various risks due to their structure. Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats can create separate or combined risks. For this reason, it is not possible to enter the scene safely without detecting the risks that may occur in a possible CBRN accident or disaster. Since the risk assessment in the incident area takes a long time, no team can enter the scene and find information and intervention until the risk assessment is done. In this article, it is studied the determination of the general health status of people in hazardous CBRN zones via a thermal camera. It is obvious that there is a continuous need to obtain information about the scene of the incident such as the alive, sick, and injured people in the situation of hard-to-reach and highly hazardous CBRN areas. In addition, autonomous analysis techniques were studied on the obtained images. In this study, it is focused on the determination of health status according to body temperature measurement, which is one of the vital signs, by the advantages of applying to more than one person without contact provided by thermal cameras integrated into a UAV. In addition, autonomous analysis techniques were studied on the obtained images. Within the scope of the study, a preliminary study was implemented on how thermal cameras can be used to evaluate vital signs in CBRN cases and to evaluate exposure levels according to body temperature.

We conducted this study to determine the attitudes of men living in the city of Kars, Turkey toward violence against women. This descriptive research was conducted from January 30, 2019 to March 30, 2019 in Family Practice Centers under the Kars Provincial Directorate of Health, Department of Public Health Services, and the Public Health Center. The study sample consisted of 380 male individuals. In data collection for the study, the “Sociodemographic Characteristics” form and “İSKEBE Scale of Attitudes Toward Violence Against Women” were used. Our study determined that men are against violence toward women. According to the findings, 43,9% of study participants had witnessed violence during childhood. We also found that attitudes toward violence against women were high in married, individuals aged 46 and above, men with primary school education and men who had witnessed violence during childhood. To combat violence against women, regular training and education should be provided to families and individuals by health personnel and experts in this field, non-governmental organizations and recognized religious leaders in the community. The goal of regular training and education of the public concerning the topic of domestic violence is to promote and protect the health of women and children and all members of society. In addition, programs should be developed which would support psychosocial and legal approaches for men who commit violence.

Title compound; CAPBA was analyzed via computational methods using the DFT method in the B3LYP level and 6.31G* basis set. The SPARTAN-14 software was used for computational analysis. The calculated results were compared to experimental values from the literature. Bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral angles and electronic properties were investigated and explicated according to spectroscopic knowledge. The calculated values and experimental results were observed to be in perfect agreement in an error margin between 0,1% and 3%.

Microbial enzymes are important tools that are frequently used in the field of biotechnology. These microbial enzymes, which play a role in intracellular biological reactions, are used in many different industries. Lipase, proteases and amylases are important members of hydrolytic enzymes. Lipase enzyme, which has the most common usage area among hydrolytic enzymes, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bonds between lipid molecules. The activity of lipase enzyme is commonly measured by spectrophotometric method. P-nitrophenol esters are commonly preferred for kinetic analysis. In the spectrophotometric analysis method, the colored product is measured as a result of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenol ester substrates by the lipase enzyme. In this study, p-nitrophenyl acetate (Acetic acid 4-nitrophenyl ester), p-nitrophenyl butyrate (Butyric acid 4-nitrophenyl ester), p-nitrophenyl octanoate (Octanoic acid 4-nitrophenyl ester, 4 -Nitrophenyl caprylate), p-nitrophenyl dodecanoate (Dodecanoic acid 4-nitrophenyl ester), p-nitrophenyl palmitate (p-Nitrophenyl palmitate, Hexadecanoic acid 4-nitrophenyl ester) substrates were used. The products formed as a result of incubation of substrates with different carbon lengths with lipase enzyme periods were measured spectrophotometrically. Trials were carried out at 25°C between 5min-120min. As a result of the experiments carried out in four repetitions, it was determined that the activity of the lipase enzyme varies according to the length of the carbon chain of the substrates. Vmax values of wild lipase enzyme were calculated as 0.42 U/mg protein, 0.95 U/mg protein, 1.1 U/mg protein, 0.78 U/mg protein, 0.18 U/mg protein for pNP-acetate, pNP-buritate, pNP-octanoate, pNP-dodecanoate, pNP-palmitate, respectively. It was determined that the activity of lipase enzyme on p-nitrophenyl palmitate was very low. It was determined that the activity of wild lipase enzyme on the eight-carbon chain pNP-octanoate substrate was higher than the other substrates.

Endometriosis is the ectopic location of the endometrial stroma and glands outside the uterine cavity. Skin endometriosis is usually seen after cesarean section. Patients usually have pain, swelling and sometimes bleeding at the scar site associated with menstruation. The definitive diagnosis in these patients is surgical excision. In this case, a painful growing mass was detected 5 cm from the incision site of the patient who applied with the complaint of swelling and pain in the incision area 2 years after the cesarean section. He was hospitalized with a preliminary diagnosis of endometriosis with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. The mass was totally excised and sent to pathology. The diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed in the pathological examination. Endometriosis should not be ignored in the differential diagnosis of anterior abdominal wall masses in female patients.

CrystalExplorer program is a program that has been used frequently in the field of theoretical chemistry in recent years and its popularity has increased. First of all, Hirshfeld surface analysis of molecules can be done in this program. Thanks to Hirshfeld surface analysis, intermolecular interactions and their contributions to the crystal surface can be determined. In this study, Hirshfeld surface analyzes and energy frameworks of nicotinamide complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) 4-formylbenzoate were investigated. Dnorm index, shape index, curvature index and 2D fingerprint graphs were examined for all complexes. In addition, the intermolecular interaction energies of the complexes were calculated using the CE-B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) and CEHF/3-21G energy models. As a result of all these, it was seen that the most important interaction in the four isostructured complexes was H...H interactions. According to Hirshfeld surface analysis and energy frameworks, O-H...O and N-H...O hydrogen bonds and π•••π stacking and C−H••π interaction energies are seen as the most important interaction types in the crystal structure.

In this article, the computational studies in the literature of the drugs used in the treatment of Covid-19 disease, which has affected the world, are brought together. Combination studies of Favipiravir (F), Hydroxychloroquine (H) and Oseltamivir (O) molecules for Covid-19 were examined. The combinations created are F + H, F + O, H + O and F + H + O. Between the combination of the two inhibitors, it was found that the F + H combination showed good binding affinity. Similarly, a further significant increase in F + H + O, binding affinity with the protein of interest was observed for the three combination drugs. As a result, studies have been obtained confirming the results of the molecular docking, the stronger binding affinity of the combination drug, Bu yazıda dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 hastalığının tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların literatürde olan hesapsal çalışmaları bir araya getirilmiştir. Covid-19 için Favipiravir (F), Hidroksiklorokin (H) ve Oseltamivir (O) moleküllerin kombinasyon çalışmaları incelenmiştir. Oluşturulan kombinasyonlar F + H, F + O, H + O ve F + H + O şeklindedir. İki inhibitörün kombinasyonu arasında, F + H kombinasyonun iyi bağlanma afinitesi gösterdiğine ulaşılmıştır. Benzer şekilde, üç kombinasyon ilaç için F+H+O, ilgili protein ile bağlanma afinitesinde daha fazla önemli artış gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, moleküler yerleştirmenin sonuçları, kombinasyon ilacının daha güçlü bağlanma afinitesini doğrulayan çalışmalar elde edilmiştir.

In recent years, the increase in obesity in the world has led to the development of new strategies in combating obesity. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of niacin and melatonin supplements to combat obesity in rats as a model organism. Treadmill exercise was performed on rats after niacin and melatonin supplementation for 10 days. In each group, weight loss was observed at the end of the 10 days exercise. In this study, it was observed that niacin supplementation leading to weight loss in rats that had treadmill exercise when compared to the control group. In addition, it was found that the weight loss observed in melatonin+niacin supplement was higher than niacin supplement only. It was found that the weight loss observed in the group given melatonin+niacin supplement was higher than the weight loss observed in niacin supplement only. As a result, niacin and melatonin supplementation can be recommended before exercise to combat obesity.

Escherichia coli O157: H7 strain was used as the standard strain for bacteriophages isolated from polluted environmental foci and animal waste-contaminated waters, and some of the enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strains previously isolated from sporadic cases were used to determine the host diversity of phages. The physiological properties of bacteriophages specific to Escherichia coli O157:H7, designated Escherichiaphage NL1, were studied. After the isolation step, bacteriophages were purified and their titer was increased. Cross-antigenic properties of the hosts were investigated with Escherichia phage NL1 phage. One-step growth curve parameters such as adsorption time of phages, latent period, burst size, multiplicity of infection value (MOI) were determined. Results showed that bacteriophage NL1 completely lysed the E.coli O157:H7 (RSKK 09007) and E.coli O:164 RSKK 324. In the study, the effects of phage NL1 only on E.coli O157:H7 were investigated. The calculated highest titer was determined as Optimal multiplycity of infection (2.16x108). It was determined that the latent period lasted for 20 minutes and the phage was reached the burst size at approximately 90 minutes.

Özet: Bu çalışma; siklofosfamid (CP) tarafından indüklenen genotoksisiteye karşı, tarhun (Artemisia dracunculus L.) yaprak ekstraktının olası koruyucu etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada her bir grupta 8 hayvan olacak şekilde toplam 6 grup oluşturuldu. Bu gruplar; I. grup: negatif kontrol grubu, II. grup: pozitif kontrol grubu (50 mg/kg, i.p. CP), III. grup: 75 mg/kg tarhun yaprak ekstraktı grubu, IV. grup: 150 mg/kg tarhun yaprak ekstraktı grubu, V. grup: 75 mg/kg tarhun yaprak ekstraktı + CP (50 mg/kg, i.p.) grubu, VI. grup: 150 mg/kg tarhun yaprak ekstraktı + CP (50 mg/kg, i.p.) grubu şeklindedir. 14 gün boyunca tarhun yaprak ekstraktı oral gavaj yol ile farelere verildi. Fareler disloke edilmeden 24 saat önce (15. gün) intraperitonal olarak siklofosfamid enjekte edildi. Disloke edilen farelerin kemik iliği hücrelerinde mikronükleus testi yapılarak, mikronükleus oranları tayin edildi. Çalışma sonunda; mikronükleus sayılarının istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesi neticesinde negatif kontrol grubu ile kıyaslama yapıldığında, CP uygulanan grubun MN sayısının negatif kontrol grubuna göre artış gösterdiği belirlenmiş (p

Pills including vitamins and minerals have been used as part of sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition, aging, and of age-related ilnesses in developed countries. This study specefically focuses on the effect of ACE Plus Selenium given rabbits through intraperitoneal (i.p) injection on their total oxidant, antioxidant capacity (TOC, TAC), and nitric oxide (NO) levels.In this study, 0,5 ml/kg of normal saline was injected to rabbits in control group and 0,5 ml/kg of ACE Plus Selenium was conducted to the treatment group for twice (every other day) via i.p route. Following the injection, plasmas of blood samples obtained in the second and fourth days, were seperated, and stored at -20ºC till the analysis. Plasma TAC, TOC and NO levels were determined spectrophotometrically. The TOC, TAC and NO levels of the rabbits were compared to the control group statistically. While TOC levels were observed to decrease (p