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1. Glioma progression is shaped by genetic evolution and microenvironment interactions

Author

Varn, Frederick S, Johnson, Kevin C, Martinek, Jan, Huse, Jason T, Nasrallah, MacLean P, Wesseling, Pieter, Cooper, Lee AD, Malta, Tathiane M, Wade, Taylor E, Sabedot, Thais S, Brat, Daniel, Gould, Peter V, Wöehrer, Adelheid, Aldape, Kenneth, Ismail, Azzam, Sivajothi, Santhosh K, Barthel, Floris P, Kim, Hoon, Kocakavuk, Emre, Ahmed, Nazia, White, Kieron, Datta, Indrani, Moon, Hyo-Eun, Pollock, Steven, Goldfarb, Christine, Lee, Ga-Hyun, Garofano, Luciano, Anderson, Kevin J, Nehar-Belaid, Djamel, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S, Bakas, Spyridon, Byrne, Annette T, D’Angelo, Fulvio, Gan, Hui K, Khasraw, Mustafa, Migliozzi, Simona, Ormond, D Ryan, Paek, Sun Ha, Van Meir, Erwin G, Walenkamp, Annemiek ME, Watts, Colin, Weiss, Tobias, Weller, Michael, Palucka, Karolina, Stead, Lucy F, Poisson, Laila M, Noushmehr, Houtan, Iavarone, Antonio, Verhaak, Roel GW, Consortium, The GLASS, Alfaro, Kristin D, Amin, Samirkumar B, Ashley, David M, Bock, Christoph, Brodbelt, Andrew, Bulsara, Ketan R, and Castro, Ana Valeria

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Rare Diseases, Brain Disorders, Brain Cancer, Genetics, Cancer, Neurosciences, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adult, Brain Neoplasms, Evolution, Molecular, Genes, p16, Glioma, Humans, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Mutation, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Tumor Microenvironment, GLASS Consortium, genomics, glioblastoma, glioma, hypermutation, macrophages, microenvironment, neurons, single-cell, spatial imaging, treatment resistance, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

The factors driving therapy resistance in diffuse glioma remain poorly understood. To identify treatment-associated cellular and genetic changes, we analyzed RNA and/or DNA sequencing data from the temporally separated tumor pairs of 304 adult patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type and IDH-mutant glioma. Tumors recurred in distinct manners that were dependent on IDH mutation status and attributable to changes in histological feature composition, somatic alterations, and microenvironment interactions. Hypermutation and acquired CDKN2A deletions were associated with an increase in proliferating neoplastic cells at recurrence in both glioma subtypes, reflecting active tumor growth. IDH-wild-type tumors were more invasive at recurrence, and their neoplastic cells exhibited increased expression of neuronal signaling programs that reflected a possible role for neuronal interactions in promoting glioma progression. Mesenchymal transition was associated with the presence of a myeloid cell state defined by specific ligand-receptor interactions with neoplastic cells. Collectively, these recurrence-associated phenotypes represent potential targets to alter disease progression.

Published
2022

2. A Hematogenous Route for Medulloblastoma Leptomeningeal Metastases

Author

Garzia, Livia, Kijima, Noriyuki, Morrissy, A Sorana, De Antonellis, Pasqualino, Guerreiro-Stucklin, Ana, Holgado, Borja L, Wu, Xiaochong, Wang, Xin, Parsons, Michael, Zayne, Kory, Manno, Alex, Kuzan-Fischer, Claudia, Nor, Carolina, Donovan, Laura K, Liu, Jessica, Qin, Lei, Garancher, Alexandra, Liu, Kun-Wei, Mansouri, Sheila, Luu, Betty, Thompson, Yuan Yao, Ramaswamy, Vijay, Peacock, John, Farooq, Hamza, Skowron, Patryk, Shih, David JH, Li, Angela, Ensan, Sherine, Robbins, Clinton S, Cybulsky, Myron, Mitra, Siddhartha, Ma, Yussanne, Moore, Richard, Mungall, Andy, Cho, Yoon-Jae, Weiss, William A, Chan, Jennifer A, Hawkins, Cynthia E, Massimino, Maura, Jabado, Nada, Zapotocky, Michal, Sumerauer, David, Bouffet, Eric, Dirks, Peter, Tabori, Uri, Sorensen, Poul HB, Brastianos, Priscilla K, Aldape, Kenneth, Jones, Steven JM, Marra, Marco A, Woodgett, James R, Wechsler-Reya, Robert J, Fults, Daniel W, and Taylor, Michael D

Subjects
Brain Cancer, Cancer, Neurosciences, Pediatric Cancer, Pediatric, Rare Diseases, Brain Disorders, Allografts, Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Chemokine CCL2, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10, Female, Humans, Male, Medulloblastoma, Meningeal Neoplasms, Mice, SCID, Neoplastic Cells, Circulating, Parabiosis, brain tumors, circulating tumor cells, medulloblastoma, metastases, pediatric cancer, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

While the preponderance of morbidity and mortality in medulloblastoma patients are due to metastatic disease, most research focuses on the primary tumor due to a dearth of metastatic tissue samples and model systems. Medulloblastoma metastases are found almost exclusively on the leptomeningeal surface of the brain and spinal cord; dissemination is therefore thought to occur through shedding of primary tumor cells into the cerebrospinal fluid followed by distal re-implantation on the leptomeninges. We present evidence for medulloblastoma circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in therapy-naive patients and demonstrate in vivo, through flank xenografting and parabiosis, that medulloblastoma CTCs can spread through the blood to the leptomeningeal space to form leptomeningeal metastases. Medulloblastoma leptomeningeal metastases express high levels of the chemokine CCL2, and expression of CCL2 in medulloblastoma in vivo is sufficient to drive leptomeningeal dissemination. Hematogenous dissemination of medulloblastoma offers a new opportunity to diagnose and treat lethal disseminated medulloblastoma.

Published
2018

3. New Brain Tumor Entities Emerge from Molecular Classification of CNS-PNETs.

Author

Sturm, Dominik, Orr, Brent A, Toprak, Umut H, Hovestadt, Volker, Jones, David TW, Capper, David, Sill, Martin, Buchhalter, Ivo, Northcott, Paul A, Leis, Irina, Ryzhova, Marina, Koelsche, Christian, Pfaff, Elke, Allen, Sariah J, Balasubramanian, Gnanaprakash, Worst, Barbara C, Pajtler, Kristian W, Brabetz, Sebastian, Johann, Pascal D, Sahm, Felix, Reimand, Jüri, Mackay, Alan, Carvalho, Diana M, Remke, Marc, Phillips, Joanna J, Perry, Arie, Cowdrey, Cynthia, Drissi, Rachid, Fouladi, Maryam, Giangaspero, Felice, Łastowska, Maria, Grajkowska, Wiesława, Scheurlen, Wolfram, Pietsch, Torsten, Hagel, Christian, Gojo, Johannes, Lötsch, Daniela, Berger, Walter, Slavc, Irene, Haberler, Christine, Jouvet, Anne, Holm, Stefan, Hofer, Silvia, Prinz, Marco, Keohane, Catherine, Fried, Iris, Mawrin, Christian, Scheie, David, Mobley, Bret C, Schniederjan, Matthew J, Santi, Mariarita, Buccoliero, Anna M, Dahiya, Sonika, Kramm, Christof M, von Bueren, André O, von Hoff, Katja, Rutkowski, Stefan, Herold-Mende, Christel, Frühwald, Michael C, Milde, Till, Hasselblatt, Martin, Wesseling, Pieter, Rößler, Jochen, Schüller, Ulrich, Ebinger, Martin, Schittenhelm, Jens, Frank, Stephan, Grobholz, Rainer, Vajtai, Istvan, Hans, Volkmar, Schneppenheim, Reinhard, Zitterbart, Karel, Collins, V Peter, Aronica, Eleonora, Varlet, Pascale, Puget, Stephanie, Dufour, Christelle, Grill, Jacques, Figarella-Branger, Dominique, Wolter, Marietta, Schuhmann, Martin U, Shalaby, Tarek, Grotzer, Michael, van Meter, Timothy, Monoranu, Camelia-Maria, Felsberg, Jörg, Reifenberger, Guido, Snuderl, Matija, Forrester, Lynn Ann, Koster, Jan, Versteeg, Rogier, Volckmann, Richard, van Sluis, Peter, Wolf, Stephan, Mikkelsen, Tom, Gajjar, Amar, Aldape, Kenneth, Moore, Andrew S, Taylor, Michael D, and Jones, Chris

Subjects
Humans, Neuroectodermal Tumors, Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Trans-Activators, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Repressor Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, Signal Transduction, DNA Methylation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Child, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Neuroblastoma, Cancer, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Rare Diseases, Orphan Drug, Brain Cancer, Pediatric Research Initiative, Pediatric Cancer, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS-PNETs) are highly aggressive, poorly differentiated embryonal tumors occurring predominantly in young children but also affecting adolescents and adults. Herein, we demonstrate that a significant proportion of institutionally diagnosed CNS-PNETs display molecular profiles indistinguishable from those of various other well-defined CNS tumor entities, facilitating diagnosis and appropriate therapy for patients with these tumors. From the remaining fraction of CNS-PNETs, we identify four new CNS tumor entities, each associated with a recurrent genetic alteration and distinct histopathological and clinical features. These new molecular entities, designated "CNS neuroblastoma with FOXR2 activation (CNS NB-FOXR2)," "CNS Ewing sarcoma family tumor with CIC alteration (CNS EFT-CIC)," "CNS high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with MN1 alteration (CNS HGNET-MN1)," and "CNS high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR alteration (CNS HGNET-BCOR)," will enable meaningful clinical trials and the development of therapeutic strategies for patients affected by poorly differentiated CNS tumors.

Published
2016

4. Molecular Profiling Reveals Biologically Discrete Subsets and Pathways of Progression in Diffuse Glioma

Author

Ceccarelli, Michele, Barthel, Floris P, Malta, Tathiane M, Sabedot, Thais S, Salama, Sofie R, Murray, Bradley A, Morozova, Olena, Newton, Yulia, Radenbaugh, Amie, Pagnotta, Stefano M, Anjum, Samreen, Wang, Jiguang, Manyam, Ganiraju, Zoppoli, Pietro, Ling, Shiyun, Rao, Arjun A, Grifford, Mia, Cherniack, Andrew D, Zhang, Hailei, Poisson, Laila, Carlotti, Carlos Gilberto, da Cunha Tirapelli, Daniela Pretti, Rao, Arvind, Mikkelsen, Tom, Lau, Ching C, Yung, WK Alfred, Rabadan, Raul, Huse, Jason, Brat, Daniel J, Lehman, Norman L, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S, Zheng, Siyuan, Hess, Kenneth, Rao, Ganesh, Meyerson, Matthew, Beroukhim, Rameen, Cooper, Lee, Akbani, Rehan, Wrensch, Margaret, Haussler, David, Aldape, Kenneth D, Laird, Peter W, Gutmann, David H, Network, TCGA Research, Arachchi, Harindra, Auman, J Todd, Balasundaram, Miruna, Balu, Saianand, Barnett, Gene, Baylin, Stephen, Bell, Sue, Benz, Christopher, Bir, Natalie, Black, Keith L, Bodenheimer, Tom, Boice, Lori, Bootwalla, Moiz S, Bowen, Jay, Bristow, Christopher A, Butterfield, Yaron SN, Chen, Qing-Rong, Chin, Lynda, Cho, Juok, Chuah, Eric, Chudamani, Sudha, Coetzee, Simon G, Cohen, Mark L, Colman, Howard, Couce, Marta, D’Angelo, Fulvio, Davidsen, Tanja, Davis, Amy, Demchok, John A, Devine, Karen, Ding, Li, Duell, Rebecca, Elder, J Bradley, Eschbacher, Jennifer M, Fehrenbach, Ashley, Ferguson, Martin, Frazer, Scott, Fuller, Gregory, Fulop, Jordonna, Gabriel, Stacey B, Garofano, Luciano, Gastier-Foster, Julie M, Gehlenborg, Nils, Gerken, Mark, Getz, Gad, Giannini, Caterina, Gibson, William J, Hadjipanayis, Angela, Hayes, D Neil, Heiman, David I, Hermes, Beth, Hilty, Joe, Hoadley, Katherine A, Hoyle, Alan P, and Huang, Mei

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genetics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Orphan Drug, Brain Cancer, Brain Disorders, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Neurosciences, Cancer, Adult, Brain Neoplasms, Cell Proliferation, Cluster Analysis, DNA Helicases, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Glioma, Humans, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Middle Aged, Mutation, Nuclear Proteins, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Signal Transduction, Telomerase, Telomere, Transcriptome, X-linked Nuclear Protein, TCGA Research Network, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Therapy development for adult diffuse glioma is hindered by incomplete knowledge of somatic glioma driving alterations and suboptimal disease classification. We defined the complete set of genes associated with 1,122 diffuse grade II-III-IV gliomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas and used molecular profiles to improve disease classification, identify molecular correlations, and provide insights into the progression from low- to high-grade disease. Whole-genome sequencing data analysis determined that ATRX but not TERT promoter mutations are associated with increased telomere length. Recent advances in glioma classification based on IDH mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion status were recapitulated through analysis of DNA methylation profiles, which identified clinically relevant molecular subsets. A subtype of IDH mutant glioma was associated with DNA demethylation and poor outcome; a group of IDH-wild-type diffuse glioma showed molecular similarity to pilocytic astrocytoma and relatively favorable survival. Understanding of cohesive disease groups may aid improved clinical outcomes.

Published
2016

5. The Somatic Genomic Landscape of Glioblastoma

Author

Brennan, Cameron W, Verhaak, Roel GW, McKenna, Aaron, Campos, Benito, Noushmehr, Houtan, Salama, Sofie R, Zheng, Siyuan, Chakravarty, Debyani, Sanborn, J Zachary, Berman, Samuel H, Beroukhim, Rameen, Bernard, Brady, Wu, Chang-Jiun, Genovese, Giannicola, Shmulevich, Ilya, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Zou, Lihua, Vegesna, Rahulsimham, Shukla, Sachet A, Ciriello, Giovanni, Yung, WK, Zhang, Wei, Sougnez, Carrie, Mikkelsen, Tom, Aldape, Kenneth, Bigner, Darell D, Van Meir, Erwin G, Prados, Michael, Sloan, Andrew, Black, Keith L, Eschbacher, Jennifer, Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Friedman, William, Andrews, David W, Guha, Abhijit, Iacocca, Mary, O’Neill, Brian P, Foltz, Greg, Myers, Jerome, Weisenberger, Daniel J, Penny, Robert, Kucherlapati, Raju, Perou, Charles M, Hayes, D Neil, Gibbs, Richard, Marra, Marco, Mills, Gordon B, Lander, Eric, Spellman, Paul, Wilson, Richard, Sander, Chris, Weinstein, John, Meyerson, Matthew, Gabriel, Stacey, Laird, Peter W, Haussler, David, Getz, Gad, Chin, Lynda, Network, TCGA Research, Benz, Christopher, Barrett, Wendi, Ostrom, Quinn, Wolinsky, Yingli, Bose, Bikash, Boulos, Paul T, Boulos, Madgy, Brown, Jenn, Czerinski, Christine, Eppley, Matthew, Kempista, Thelma, Kitko, Teresa, Koyfman, Yakov, Rabeno, Brenda, Rastogi, Pawan, Sugarman, Michael, Swanson, Patricia, Yalamanchii, Kennedy, Otey, Ilana P, Liu, Yingchun Spring, Xiao, Yonghong, Auman, J Todd, Chen, Peng-Chieh, Hadjipanayis, Angela, Lee, Eunjung, Lee, Semin, Park, Peter J, Seidman, Jonathan, Yang, Lixing, Kalkanis, Steven, Poisson, Laila M, Raghunathan, Aditya, Scarpace, Lisa, Bressler, Ryan, and Eakin, Andrea

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Brain Disorders, Cancer, Biotechnology, Cancer Genomics, Neurosciences, Precision Medicine, Human Genome, Brain Cancer, Orphan Drug, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Brain Neoplasms, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Regulatory Networks, Glioblastoma, Humans, Male, Mutation, Proteome, Signal Transduction, TCGA Research Network, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

We describe the landscape of somatic genomic alterations based on multidimensional and comprehensive characterization of more than 500 glioblastoma tumors (GBMs). We identify several novel mutated genes as well as complex rearrangements of signature receptors, including EGFR and PDGFRA. TERT promoter mutations are shown to correlate with elevated mRNA expression, supporting a role in telomerase reactivation. Correlative analyses confirm that the survival advantage of the proneural subtype is conferred by the G-CIMP phenotype, and MGMT DNA methylation may be a predictive biomarker for treatment response only in classical subtype GBM. Integrative analysis of genomic and proteomic profiles challenges the notion of therapeutic inhibition of a pathway as an alternative to inhibition of the target itself. These data will facilitate the discovery of therapeutic and diagnostic target candidates, the validation of research and clinical observations and the generation of unanticipated hypotheses that can advance our molecular understanding of this lethal cancer.

Published
2013

6. Synthetic lethality-mediated precision oncology via the tumor transcriptome

Author

Lee, Joo Sang, primary, Nair, Nishanth Ulhas, additional, Dinstag, Gal, additional, Chapman, Lesley, additional, Chung, Youngmin, additional, Wang, Kun, additional, Sinha, Sanju, additional, Cha, Hongui, additional, Kim, Dasol, additional, Schperberg, Alexander V., additional, Srinivasan, Ajay, additional, Lazar, Vladimir, additional, Rubin, Eitan, additional, Hwang, Sohyun, additional, Berger, Raanan, additional, Beker, Tuvik, additional, Ronai, Ze’ev, additional, Hannenhalli, Sridhar, additional, Gilbert, Mark R., additional, Kurzrock, Razelle, additional, Lee, Se-Hoon, additional, Aldape, Kenneth, additional, and Ruppin, Eytan, additional

Published
2021
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8. Identification of Causal Genetic Drivers of Human Disease through Systems-Level Analysis of Regulatory Networks

Author

Chen, James C., primary, Alvarez, Mariano J., additional, Talos, Flaminia, additional, Dhruv, Harshil, additional, Rieckhof, Gabrielle E., additional, Iyer, Archana, additional, Diefes, Kristin L., additional, Aldape, Kenneth, additional, Berens, Michael, additional, Shen, Michael M., additional, and Califano, Andrea, additional

Published
2014
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10. The Somatic Genomic Landscape of Glioblastoma

Author

Brennan, Cameron W., primary, Verhaak, Roel G.W., additional, McKenna, Aaron, additional, Campos, Benito, additional, Noushmehr, Houtan, additional, Salama, Sofie R., additional, Zheng, Siyuan, additional, Chakravarty, Debyani, additional, Sanborn, J. Zachary, additional, Berman, Samuel H., additional, Beroukhim, Rameen, additional, Bernard, Brady, additional, Wu, Chang-Jiun, additional, Genovese, Giannicola, additional, Shmulevich, Ilya, additional, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, additional, Zou, Lihua, additional, Vegesna, Rahulsimham, additional, Shukla, Sachet A., additional, Ciriello, Giovanni, additional, Yung, W.K., additional, Zhang, Wei, additional, Sougnez, Carrie, additional, Mikkelsen, Tom, additional, Aldape, Kenneth, additional, Bigner, Darell D., additional, Van Meir, Erwin G., additional, Prados, Michael, additional, Sloan, Andrew, additional, Black, Keith L., additional, Eschbacher, Jennifer, additional, Finocchiaro, Gaetano, additional, Friedman, William, additional, Andrews, David W., additional, Guha, Abhijit, additional, Iacocca, Mary, additional, O’Neill, Brian P., additional, Foltz, Greg, additional, Myers, Jerome, additional, Weisenberger, Daniel J., additional, Penny, Robert, additional, Kucherlapati, Raju, additional, Perou, Charles M., additional, Hayes, D. Neil, additional, Gibbs, Richard, additional, Marra, Marco, additional, Mills, Gordon B., additional, Lander, Eric, additional, Spellman, Paul, additional, Wilson, Richard, additional, Sander, Chris, additional, Weinstein, John, additional, Meyerson, Matthew, additional, Gabriel, Stacey, additional, Laird, Peter W., additional, Haussler, David, additional, Getz, Gad, additional, and Chin, Lynda, additional

Published
2014
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