1. Segmented Filamentous Bacteria Prevent and Cure Rotavirus Infection
- Author
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Zhan Zhang, Benoit Chassaing, Richard K. Plemper, Terence S. Dermody, Andrea J. Pruijssers, Jun Zou, Lisa M. Mattei, Zhenda Shi, Juan Noriega, Xu Zhao, Kyle Bittinger, Harshad Ingle, Megan T. Baldridge, Chunyu Zhao, Timothy J. Nice, Andrew T. Gewirtz, and Benyue Zhang
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Rotavirus ,Segmented filamentous bacteria ,Biology ,Adaptive Immunity ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Rotavirus Infections ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Feces ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Interferon ,Ileum ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Microbiome ,Intestinal Mucosa ,030304 developmental biology ,Infectivity ,0303 health sciences ,Bacteria ,Interleukins ,Microbiota ,Interleukin-17 ,Acquired immune system ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Intestines ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Interferons ,medicine.symptom ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) encounters intestinal epithelial cells amidst diverse microbiota, opening possibilities of microbes influencing RV infection. Although RV clearance typically requires adaptive immunity, we unintentionally generated RV-resistant immunodeficient mice, which, we hypothesized, reflected select microbes protecting against RV. Accordingly, such RV resistance was transferred by co-housing and fecal transplant. RV-protecting microbiota were interrogated by heat, filtration, and antimicrobial agents, followed by limiting dilution transplant to germ-free mice and microbiome analysis. This approach revealed that segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) were sufficient to protect mice against RV infection and associated diarrhea. Such protection was independent of previously defined RV-impeding factors, including interferon, IL-17, and IL-22. Colonization of the ileum by SFB induced changes in host gene expression and accelerated epithelial cell turnover. Incubation of RV with SFB-containing feces reduced infectivity in vitro, suggesting direct neutralization of RV. Thus, independent of immune cells, SFB confer protection against certain enteric viral infections and associated diarrheal disease.
- Published
- 2018