1. Orexins and Orexin Receptors: A Family of Hypothalamic Neuropeptides and G Protein-Coupled Receptors that Regulate Feeding Behavior
- Author
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Nabil Elshourbagy, Richard M. Chemelli, Roland S. Annan, Wu Schyong Liu, Jonathan R.S. Arch, S. Clay Williams, Makoto Ishii, Masashi Yanagisawa, Shelagh Wilson, Robin E. Buckingham, Akira Amemiya, Derk J. Bergsma, Jonathan A. Terrett, Ichiyo Matsuzaki, Gerald P. Kozlowski, Takeshi Sakurai, Steven A. Carr, Andrea C. Haynes, Hirokazu Tanaka, Dean E. McNulty, and James A. Richardson
- Subjects
Male ,Receptors, Neuropeptide ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system ,Lateral hypothalamus ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Hypothalamus ,CHO Cells ,Biology ,Kidney ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Energy homeostasis ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,Orexin-A ,SB-334867 ,GTP-Binding Proteins ,Orexin Receptors ,Internal medicine ,Cricetinae ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Protein Precursors ,Rats, Wistar ,Receptor ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,G protein-coupled receptor ,Neurons ,Neurotransmitter Agents ,Orexins ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Neuropeptides ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Fasting ,Feeding Behavior ,Orexin receptor ,Orexin ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Rabbits ,Carrier Proteins ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
The hypothalamus plays a central role in the integrated control of feeding and energy homeostasis. We have identified two novel neuropeptides, both derived from the same precursor by proteolytic processing, that bind and activate two closely related (previously) orphan G protein-coupled receptors. These peptides, termed orexin-A and -B, have no significant structural similarities to known families of regulatory peptides. prepro-orexin mRNA and immunoreactive orexin-A are localized in neurons within and around the lateral and posterior hypothalamus in the adult rat brain. When administered centrally to rats, these peptides stimulate food consumption. prepro-orexin mRNA level is up-regulated upon fasting, suggesting a physiological role for the peptides as mediators in the central feedback mechanism that regulates feeding behavior.
- Published
- 1998
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