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Glass samples with varying compositions was prepared by standard approach. The composition of the samples was (50-x) B2O3--25TeO2--25BaO-xDy2O3, with x ranging from 0 to 1.25 mol%. XRD profiles confirmed that the samples were amorphous, as there were no long-range lattice arrangements observed. The successful preparation of amorphous samples was further confirmed by the absence of sharp lines & peaks. The optical properties of the obtained samples were analyzed. That a decrease in Eopt values resulted in a higher value of the refractive index (n) for the glasses. However, when the concentration of Dy2O3 exceeded certain levels (0.75, 1, and 1.25 mol%), the refractive index (n) decreased due to an increase in Eopt values. Experimental measurements using a NaI(Tl) detector were conducted to determine the radiation shielding parameters (LAC and MAC), as well as the (HVL), (TVL), & (MFP) of the glasses against gamma rays emitted by 137Cs and 60Co isotopes at energies of 0.662, 1.173, and 1.333 MeV. Excellent agreement was observed when comparing the experimental results with theoretical calculations using Phy-x/PSD software program. This suggests that the fabricated glasses have great potential for various applications in the field of optics and can effectively shield against radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a series of barium-boro-tellurite glass hosts with varying concentration of Dy2O3 doping (0 to 1.25 mol%) were made by melt-quenching method. A study was conducted to investigate how Dy2O3 dopants affect the physical and spectroscopic traits of glasses. Raw materials including barium oxide (BaO), tellurium dioxide (TeO2), boron oxide (B2O3), and dysprosium oxide (Dy2O3) were used to produce these glasses. XRD patterns of the samples showed a broad hump and absence of long-range periodic lattice arrangements, indicating their amorphous nature. The Raman spectral analyses displayed the various vibration modes where the most intense band caused by BaO vibrations at 300 cm-1 and 450 cm-1 corresponding to the symmetric stretching vibration mode of Te–O–Te intra-chain bridges. The peak at 750 cm-1 was due to TeO4 and Te-O-Te vibration modes. The value of optical band gap energy was decreased from 3.155 to 2.1894 eV and then increase at higher Dy2O3 level (0.75 to 1.25 mol%). At Dy3+ contents between 0.25 to 1.25 mol% seven absorption bands were observed at 390, 424, 452, 750, 797, 895 and 1092 nm due to the electronic transitions in Dy3+. The glass refractive indices were raised from 2.3563 to 2.6584 and then decreased at higher Dy2O3 contents which was mainly because of the generation of more bridging oxygen (BO) in the glass matrix. The value of glass electronic polarizability and oxide ions polarizability calculated using LorentzLorenz equation showed a decrease with the rise of Dy2O3 contents, which was ascribed to the presence of fewer non-bridging oxygen (NBO). The optical basicity of the proposed glass hosts was calculated using Duffy and Ingram equation which was decreased with the increase of doping contents. In addition, the optical transmission was increased and reflection loss was reduced with increasing Dy+3 levels. The value of metallization parameter below 1 proved the true amorphous nature of the prepared samples. All the glasses revealed blue and yellow photoluminescence emission peaks due to 4F9/2→ 6H15/2, and 4F9/2 →6H13/2 transitions in Dy3+, respectively. The proposed glass compositions may be beneficial for the advancement of solid-state lasers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]