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Lithium dendrites are considered the worst problem for lithium metal batteries. Herein, an ether-based electrolyte is proposed for highly stable performance of lithium-sulfurized polyacrylonitrile batteries with lean electrolyte and high areal capacity. This lean ether-based electrolyte not only suppresses the growth of lithium dendrites, but also prevents the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and maintains low volatility. By employing this ether-based electrolyte in lithium-sulfurized polyacrylonitrile batteries, a reversible specific capacity of 670 mA h g−1 with 7 μl mg−1 electrolyte and 4 mA h cm−2, and a capacity fading rate of 0.08% per cycle for 300 cycles were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation of lithium dendrites is recognized as the worst problem for lithium metal batteries. Herein, a multifunctional additive is proposed for highly stable lithium metal in the carbonate electrolyte of Li-sulfurized polyacrylonitrile batteries with high areal capacity. This multifunctional electrolyte additive (fluoroethylene carbonate and potassium nitrate) forms a stable hybrid solid electrolyte interphase, and the K+ ions provide a self-healing electrostatic shield that can suppress lithium dendrites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]