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Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is an essential and versatile oxidant. The photocatalytic production of H 2 O 2 is a promising alternative to the conventional anthraquinone oxidation process. In this work, BiOBr nanosheets with oxygen vacancies (OVs) were successfully synthesized by a solvothermal method in the presence of mannitol. The character of the nanosheets shortened the diffuse length of charge carriers, which is beneficial for the charge separation. The introduction of OVs enhanced the visible light absorption and also improved the carrier separation. Furthermore, OVs enhanced the activation of O 2 molecules and facilitated the generation of ˙O 2 - . As a result, the products exhibited good performance in photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production. After introducing HCOOH, the yield of H 2 O 2 was further enhanced by a factor of 50, from 3 μmol h -1 to 150 μmol h -1 . This work provides a reference to design high performance photocatalysts for H 2 O 2 production through defect engineering.