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DFT calculation is used to study the electrochemical capacity enhancement mechanism of the fabricated flexible 3D porous rOHNM-AGs electrodes based on open-hollow Ni-MOF microspheres with high mechanical strength and superior electrochemical properties. [Display omitted] • 3D rOHNM-AGs are achieved by embedding open-hollow Ni-MOF microspheres into graphene nanosheets. • DFT calculation reveals charge-transfer interaction between the rOHNM-AGs and OH– ions. • The rOHNM-AGs/KOH/PVA film can be twisted with different angles, which can lift 500 g plastic bottle. • The fabricated rOHNM-AGs electrode exhibit superb specific capacitance of 1644F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1. • A portable multifunctional instrument can be powered by all-solid-state supercapacitor device for 15 mins. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extensively used for electrode materials of supercapacitors under their unique characteristics like customizable pore size, plentiful active sites and tunable structure. However, the MOFs lack adequate electrical conductivity and satisfactory stability, when directly applied to supercapacitor electrode materials, limiting the further improvement of their electrochemical properties. Accordingly, three-dimensional porous aerogels (rOHNM-AGs) have been achieved by embedding open-hollow nickel-based metal–organic framework microspheres between graphene layers. Under the controllable and highly ordered metal nodes as well as organic linkers, the prepared rOHNM-AGs still reserve the preponderance of MOF materials with multifarious exceptional constituent and configurational benefits. Furthermore, the remarkable electrical conductivity from graphene leads to a significant increase in electron/ion transport rate. In addition, charge-transfer interaction between the acceptor of OH– ions and the donor of rOHNM-AGs has been exposed by the density functional theory calculations. Moreover, a pliable and high tensile rOHNM-AGs/PVA/KOH film electrode has been fabricated by the PVA/KOH gel-electrolyte, which is capable of curving at multifarious angles. For actual utilizations, the manufactured supercapacitor apparatus can run a multi-purpose display for over 15 mins. Therefore, this groundbreaking research furnishes a new inspiration for preparing composite electrodes based on MOFs and graphene for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A highly efficient subambient all-day PRC textile is fabricated. • Cooling power reaches 117.8 and 156.1 W m−2 during daytime and nighttime. • A subambient temperature reduction of 8 °C under direct sunlight is achieved. • Compared to normal textile, the PRC textile enables a simulated skin decrease 11 °C. • PRC textile can enhance the thermoelectricity generation performance. Passive radiative cooling (PRC) is an electricity-free and spontaneous cooling technology to alleviate the global scorching weather that increasingly threatens human health. Herein, combined with the calculation to reveal the full-spectrum optical constants of MgO and predict its remarkable optical responsiveness for PRC applications. Guided by this calculation, a highly efficient subambient all-day PRC textile is designed by embedding the MgO NPs into porous cellulose acetate (CA) polymer and then dip-coated onto the polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, PET) matrix (PET-CA-MgO). The resulting cooling textile shows both of high solar reflectivity (94.6%) and high infrared emissivity (96.8%), which is found to be originated from the superposition of the optical properties of phonon polariton resonance of MgO (the Fröhlich mode) and Mie scattering of porous CA polymer. More importantly, its theoretical net PRC powers are calculated up to 117.8 and 156.1 W m−2 during the daytime and nighttime, respectively, which is on par with the state-of-the-art. Under direct sunlight, the PET-CA-MgO based PRC textile achieves a subambient temperature reduction of 8 °C, and enables simulated skin to avoid overheating by ∼11 °C as compared to bare skin heater and pristine PET textile. This design strategy for the spectral selective feature of textiles presents an effective approach to further fabricate high-performance PRC garments for practical purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles with different morphologies were prepared via template method and self-assembly method. • The NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles were in-situ decorated onto porous carbon (PC) and used as host of sulfur cathode for lithium sulfur battery. • The synergistic effect of physical binding of PC and adsorption catalysis of NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles could effectively improve the performance of lithium sulfur battery. Lithium-sulfur battery (LSB) is one of the most appealing candidates for advanced next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems based on the merits of extraordinary theoretical specific energy density, abundant resources and environmental friendliness of sulfur. However, the "shuttle effect" of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and low utilization of sulfur cathode severely plague the large-scale commercialization of the LSBs. In this work, a novel host material for sulfur cathode, namely porous carbon (PC) decorated with NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles (NiCo 2 O 4 /PC), was designed and prepared. Among all tested NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles with different morphologies, the NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles with honeycomb pore shape (C-NiCo 2 O 4) showed excellent performance as sulfur cathode host. Benefiting from the synergistic advantages between PC and C-NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles, the C-NiCo 2 O 4 /PC host materials showed strong adsorption for LiPSs, promising the alleviation of shuttle effect and promoting the catalytic conversion process of LiPSs. As a result, the LSBs with S@C-NiCo 2 O 4 /PC cathode delivered a high specific capacity of 1065.2 mAh g−1 at 0.1C, a stable cycling over 500 cycles with low fading rate of 0.053% per cycle at 0.5C and an enhanced rate capability compared with those of S@C-NiCo 2 O 4 and S@PC cathodes. This work demonstrated the synergistic effect of physical shackle from PC and adsorption-catalysis from NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles, which might provide new insights into the optimization of carbonaceous architecture for rationally regulating the polysulfide redox reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• New designed poly (β amino esters) (PBAE) nano-platform can achieve mRNA delivery to brain and spinal cord efficiently. • Stable mRNA secondary structures were engineered by AI and contributed to higher protein expressions. • 3′UTR of mRNA was engineered to achieve neuron selective delivery with less side effects. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a long history in the treatment neurodegenerative of diseases. However, this therapy has limitations in exogenous protein safety, including side effects like neuropathic pain and seizures. Moreover, there are currently no positive clinical trial results using BDNF-based gene therapy. Given this, new methods of delivering BDNF are urgently needed. Here, we report an engineering BDNF mRNA-based therapy in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Two poly (β amino esters) polymers (PBAE) were synthesized, which achieved mRNA delivery to brain and spinal cord efficiently following catheter ventricle pumping. To confer stability and RNase resistance, the secondary structure of the mRNA was engineering using AI algorithms. Further mRNA modification was done on 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), which was added with neuron-specific miRNA targeting sequence to avoid BDNF protein expression in neuron. This allowed reduced neuronal overexcitation and seizures. And BDNF protein was sustained released from astrocytes to maintain surrounding neural function. The engineering mRNA was delivered into the brain ventricle and translated into astrocytes to significantly improve the memory of AD mice. Given the mRNA modifications presented here, it would de-target delivery to specific cell types and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of neurological diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Engineered exosomes can scavenge a variety of toxic reactive oxygen species using the activity of multiple nanozymes. • Engineered exosomes can target the brain in two ways: actively with targeted peptides and passively with photothermal action. • Engineered exosomes reduce microglia activation and mitochondrial damage. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the leading causes of dementia. The pathogenesis of AD is complex, and oxidative stress, which is involved in neuronal damage through various pathways, is considered to be a central part of AD pathogenesis. Therefore, we took advantage of the blood–brain barrier permeability of biogenic extracellular vesicles to load the high-performance antioxidant resveratrol (Res) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles with multiple enzymatic activities into the extracellular vesicles and then deliver the 'Trojan horses' to the central nervous system to exert synergistic antioxidant effects. In this study, Res-Pt@EVs-RVG was designed to preferentially target the brain using rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptides. In addition, the large photothermal effect of Pt nanoparticles increased the drug penetration and its high blood–brain barrier penetration ability was confirmed in vivo animal experiments. We found through multiple experiments that Res-Pt@EVs-RVG was well absorbed by cells, reduced intracellular reactive oxygen levels, improved mitochondrial damage, and attenuated glial cell activation while reducing neuronal loss in the brains of AD mice and improving memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Our results suggest that a biogenic extracellular vesicles-based drug delivery strategy overcomes the disadvantage of poor drug penetration into the central nervous system (CNS) and provides a potential platform for the effective treatment of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The novel AEMCO process can oxidize MPs and minimize BrO 3 − formation simultaneously; • A CDP@PTFE membrane was prepared using the CDP particles as the adsorption layer; • The enhancement of MPs abatement promoted the consumption of O 3 and thus mitigated BrO 3 − formation; • Ha-CIP was introduced to the AEMCO process and guided the optimization of operating parameters. The trade-off between micropollutant (MP) abatement and bromate (BrO 3 −) formation is inescapable during the ozonation of bromide-containing water. To avoid the comprise between MPs abatement and BrO 3 − formation, we developed a novel interface adsorption enhanced membrane contact ozonation (AEMCO) process, in which the boosted oxidation of MPs on the loaded adsorption layer accelerated the consumption of O 3 and thus reduced the formation of BrO 3 −. For a river water, the ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency and yield of BrO 3 − was 97.15 % and 0.7 μg/L in the AEMCO process, whereas 39.96 % and 8.3 μg/L in the conventional MCO process. In addition, a reformative Hatta number (Ha-CIP) was used in the AEMCO process to evaluate the relationship between interface adsorption and chemical reactions and guide the adjustment of operating parameters. Our findings provide a potent strategy to tune the trade-off between MPs abatement and BrO 3 − formation during the ozonation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The "inner-outer synergistic" strategy for carbon fibers was proposed and successfully demonstrated. • Synchronous realization of the full utilization of the structure and the dual introduction of Faraday capacitance. • Enhanced power density (4004.3 W kg−1) and energy density (31.2 Wh kg−1). Carbon fibers consistently suffer from low specific capacitance due to underutilized structure, severely hindering their application in high-performance supercapacitors. In this work, a novel and scalable "inner-outer synergistic strategy" is developed for superior electrode materials via embedding NiS nanoflakes in electrospun carbon fibers containing NiS nanoparticles (NiS NF /CF@NiS NP). Uniformly sized NiS nanoparticles are encapsulated in the inner region of the carbon fibers as redox active agent, which impart additional Faraday capacitance to the electrode while efficiently avoiding the aggregation of the nanoparticles. Simultaneously, the evenly distributed NiS nanoflakes firmly immobilized on the outer surface of the carbon fibers by the impregnating-sulfurization procedure significantly expand the accessible area of ions and alleviate the volume expansion by preventing stacking. Profiting from the felicitous designed architecture, the NiS NF /CF@NiS NP -3 electrode delivers a reversible specific capacitance of 1691.1F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and remarkable coulombic efficiency of 98.5 %. Furthermore, the hybrid supercapacitor demonstrates a maximum energy density of 31.2 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 4004.3 W kg−1 along with impressive cycling durability of 87.8 % retention for up to 5000 cycles. This demonstrated "inner-outer simultaneous exploitation" engineering provides an appealing and instructive insight for enhanced electrochemical performance of fibrous materials, and can be extended to a variety of energy material systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A dual-enzyme catalytic nanosystem based on PANI-Pt-GOx-PVP was developed. • This nanosystem can cause lysosome swelling and rupturing by proton sponge effect. • Excessive autophagy was induced by this nanosystem to make lysosome overloaded. • Tumor elimination was achieved through this excessive autophagy strategy. Excessive autophagy is a promising pathway to eliminate tumor cells, which causes excessive damages to overload the degradation capacity of lysosomes. Designing a nanosystem that can compromise the function of lysosomes and induce severe damages simultaneously is essential to activate excessive autophagy, but is still rarely explored. Herein, a dual-enzyme catalytic nanosystem with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion capacity was developed for tumor elimination via the excessive autophagy pathway. This nanosystem consisted of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-stabilized polyaniline (PANI-PVP) core, Pt nanoparticles (NPs) decoration, and glucose oxidase (GOx) payload. After being internalized by tumor cells, this formed PANI-Pt-GOx-PVP NPs could escape from the lysosome through the proton sponge effect, causing lysosomal swelling and rupturing. The Pt-GOx dual-enzyme catalytic nanosystem consumes glucose to cause severe ATP shortage. This energy depletion microenvironment can not only generate intracellular damage during the GOx-mediated starvation process, but also induce mitophagy through AMPK activation. The increased accumulation of damage causes excessive autophagy, overloading the degradation capacity of lysosomes. In vivo data demonstrated that tumor growth tendency was significantly suppressed through this ATP depletion-induced excessive autophagy strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A dual-enzyme catalytic nanosystem based on PANI-Pt-GOx-PVP was developed. • This nanosystem can cause lysosome swelling and rupturing by proton sponge effect. • Excessive autophagy was induced by this nanosystem to make lysosome overloaded. • Tumor elimination was achieved through this excessive autophagy strategy. Excessive autophagy is a promising pathway to eliminate tumor cells, which causes excessive damages to overload the degradation capacity of lysosomes. Designing a nanosystem that can compromise the function of lysosomes and induce severe damages simultaneously is essential to activate excessive autophagy, but is still rarely explored. Herein, a dual-enzyme catalytic nanosystem with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion capacity was developed for tumor elimination via the excessive autophagy pathway. This nanosystem consisted of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-stabilized polyaniline (PANI-PVP) core, Pt nanoparticles (NPs) decoration, and glucose oxidase (GOx) payload. After being internalized by tumor cells, this formed PANI-Pt-GOx-PVP NPs could escape from the lysosome through the proton sponge effect, causing lysosomal swelling and rupturing. The Pt-GOx dual-enzyme catalytic nanosystem consumes glucose to cause severe ATP shortage. This energy depletion microenvironment can not only generate intracellular damage during the GOx-mediated starvation process, but also induce mitophagy through AMPK activation. The increased accumulation of damage causes excessive autophagy, overloading the degradation capacity of lysosomes. In vivo data demonstrated that tumor growth tendency was significantly suppressed through this ATP depletion-induced excessive autophagy strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ni 3 N (1 1 0)/Ni 3 S 2 (0 1 0) heterointerface was successfully synthesized via the nitridation of β -Ni(OH) 2 by urea. • Accumulated charge density and enhanced DOS lower the reaction barriers of the rate-controlling step of *CONHN to *CONN. • The cooperation of nickel moieties at the heterointerface results in the superb intrinsic UOR activity. • Ni 3 N (1 1 0)/Ni 3 S 2 (0 1 0) heterointerface exhibits superior UOR activity, selectivity and durability. Optimizing the adsorption strength of multiple intermediates at one single active site at the same time is rather difficult. Heterointerface engineering provides more than one type of active sites to function, which may dramatically enhance the intrinsic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) activity of catalysts. Herein, a Ni 3 N (1 1 0)/Ni 3 S 2 (0 1 0) heterointerface was fabricated. The electronic interactions between the two phases generates an accumulated charge density heterointerface and endows the heterointerface with more enhanced density of states, which facilitates the adsorption and desorption of more UOR intermediates, thus lowering the theoretical reaction barrier for the rate-controlling step of *CONHN to *CONN. The nickel moieties on Ni 3 N side tends to bond carbonyl and the nickel moieties on Ni 3 S 2 side preferentially bond amnio. The cooperation of both nickel moieties contributes to the superb intrinsic UOR activity of Ni 3 N (1 1 0)/Ni 3 S 2 (0 1 0) heterointerface. As a consequence, Ni 3 N (1 1 0)/Ni 3 S 2 (0 1 0) heterointerface showcases outstanding UOR activity, reaching 105.66 mA·cm−2 at 1.6 V. This work provides an excellent UOR catalyst and helps to better understand the cooperation mechanism of the active sites at the heterointerface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • An acid-modified magnetically doped biochar (A/M-BC) was prepared for sewage treatment. • A/M-BC realizes the efficient co-trapping of carbon and phosphorus. • The novel coagulant has the potential to be recycled. Aiming at the issues of high consumption of reagents and energy, and poor removal ability of carbon and phosphorus in the existing process of sewage treatment plants, a novel type of carbon & phosphorus co-trapping magnetic coagulant named as acid-modified magnetically doped biochar (A/M-BC) was prepared for sewage treatment. Results showed that the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus (TP) were as high as 64.4 % (±2%) and 93.7 % (±8%), respectively. A series of characterization findings indicated that the A/M-BC had a nanoscale porous structure, a surface laden with magnetic particles, and a diverse array of iron oxides, enabling the formation of phosphate complex groups and exhibiting excellent paramagnetism. The efficient co-trapping of carbon and phosphorus by A/M-BC was mediated via combined coagulation and adsorption. Where into, coagulation includes co-precipitation and bridge of phosphate-iron complexes induced by complex ferric salts and net sweep trapping with magnetic powder. The novel magnetic coagulant A/M-BC had the advantages of a better co-trapping and faster separating for carbon and phosphorus, which has great application potential in reducing carbon emissions in the sewage treatment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • GHPSM displayed enhanced accumulation and controlled drug release in OA cartilage site. • GHPSM delayed OA progression by reshaping OA microenvironment via multi-channel. • The progressions of early OA disease after treatments were tracked by fluorescence/MR imaging. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease of the knee joint, suffering from the limited therapeutic effect and serious side effects. Unfortunately, there are currently rarely available materials to fundamentally delay and monitor OA progression. The OA microenvironment, including excessive inflammation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of OA. Utilizing and remodeling OA microenvironment may be an effective strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of OA. This work developed an intelligent responsive nanoprobe, Gd-HMPB@SMT@MMP (GHPSM) by encapsulating S-methylisothiourea (SMT) loaded mesoporous Prussian Blue (Gd-HMPB) with Tetramethyl Rhodamine (TAMRA) labeled MMP-13 peptide (MMP-13-TAMRA) for this aim. GHPSM displayed enhanced accumulation in OA cartilage site due to the decrease in the content of negatively charged aminoglycans (GAGs) in early degenerative articular cartilage and activated fluorescence signal as well as SMT controlled release due to the cleavage of MMP-13-TAMRA from GHPSM by overexpressed MMP-13 matrix protease in OA microenvironment. Furthermore, integrating the function of SMT and PB nanozyme, GHPSM reshaped the OA microenvironment by reducing the release of ROS and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS), increasing the expression of intermediate structural proteins (COL2 and Aggrescan), thereby reducing cartilage degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis, ultimately delaying the development of OA. The progressions of early OA disease after different treatments were successfully tracked based on fluorescence/MR imaging with X-ray imaging of knee joint for comparation. These findings highlight the potentials of GHPSM in monitoring the status of cartilage in real-time and delay OA progression by reshaping the OA microenvironment, providing novel ideas for future research in OA diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We made CW-MFCs with 100% biochar electrodes and biochar fillers by reeds harvested in nature. • The addition of biochar filler can improve the electricity generation performance but may cause severe filler clogging. • Adding biochar filler can improve the denitrification effect. This article investigated the electrochemical performance, water purification capacity and packing clogging of constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells coupled reactors (CW-MFCs). The CW-MFCs-B (B = 100 % biochar filler) reactor performed the best under intermittent conditions, with a power density of up to 33.7 mW/m2. Regarding TOC removal, CW-MFCs-G (G = no biochar filler) was the least effective when the system was in continuous flow. The effect of the other two reactors with biochar filler addition (BG = 50 % and B = 100 %) was similar, indicating that the biochar functioned well as the CW filler to remove organic matter. Regarding NH 4 +-N removal, removal rates varied at different HRTs: HRT = 2 days > intermittent flow > HRT = 0.5 days. Among them, CW-MFCs-B was the most effective, with a maximum of 65.10 %. The clogging index Φ b of the three reactors were 2.83 (B), 1.77 (BG), and 0.72 (G). The CW-MFCs-B reactor showed good effluent treatment and had the best electricity production but the most severe clogging. There may be a certain connection between H 2 O 2 concentration and the degree of CW clogging. CW-MFC with biochar electrode and gravel filler may be suitable for long-term operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a great challenge to develop a facile strategy to synthesize SACs with both high loading quantity and stability. Here, we report a silica-nanocasted method to not only prohibit structure collapsing of ceria supports during calcination process, but also facilitate the activation of oxygen species, consequently establishing strong metal-support interactions to stabilize and activate Pd single atoms. [Display omitted] • A facile strategy is devised to stabilize high-content Pd single-atom catalysts. • SiO 2 plays a vital role in stabilizing the structure against collapsing. • SiO 2 activates the surface oxygen by donating electrons to weaken Ce-O bond. • Strong metal-support interaction is achieved to stabilize and activate Pd atoms. • The promising catalytic activity and durability in CO oxidation can be achieved. In most cases, the sintering tendency of supported metal single atoms could be attributed to the unstable structural characteristics of supports in demanding operating conditions, particularly for high-loading single-atom catalysts (SACs), ultimately resulting in deactivation. To address this issue, SiO 2 is employed to enhance the structural stability of both supports and the supported Pd single atoms. SiO 2 serves not only to prevent the collapse of support structures but also to promote the activation of surface oxygen species by facilitating electron transfer with the supports. This, in turn, establishes strong metal-support interactions (MSIs) to stabilize and activate atomically dispersed Pd species. Additionally, the electrons donated from Ce-O and Si-O to Pd atoms further catalyze the formation of oxygen vacancies, ultimately leading to significantly improved activity and durability in CO oxidation. Without SiO 2 , the instability of support structure, coupled with the weak MSIs, promotes the aggregation of Pd atoms, resulting in relatively lower catalytic activity and durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • TpTt was pre-embedded in ZnFe 2 O 4 core for the synthesis of Z-S@TpTt heterojunction. • The adequate band structures within Z-S@TpTt enabled a Z-scheme charge transfer. • Visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of BPA can be realized by Z-S@TpTt. • HA in FWL served as "electron shuttle" to further promote the degradation of BPA. • The magnetic separation and prominent stability enabled robust reuse of Z-S@TpTt. Herein, we proposed a method by pre-embedding organic covalent organic framework TpTt-COF(TpTt) (consisting of the electron donor 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (Tt) and electron acceptor 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) aldehyde) within inorganic ZnFe 2 O 4 core to serve as seed for the in-situ grafting of organic TpTt shell tightly. The as-formed ZnFe 2 O 4 -seed@TpTt-COF (Z-S@TpTt) core–shell structure exhibited visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of BPA effectively. This may stem from the rationally tuned energy band structure of ZnFe 2 O 4 -seed via TpTt pre-anchoring, thus enabled a Z-scheme electron transfer way within the heterojunction to broaden the light adsorption, accelerate the charge transfer and maintain their thermodynamic redox capacity. More strikingly, humic acid (HA) in the actual wastewater (food waste leachate (FWL), where BPA highly frequently presented) could even boost the photocatalytic degradation of BPA. Comprehensive characterizations and DFT calculations revealed that HA acts as a critical "electron shuttle" to further promote the separation of electron-hole pairs via the formation of an EDA complex with the Z-S@TpTt. The gathered electrons on CB of ZnFe 2 O 4 -seed and holes on VB of TpTt may generate more •O 2 – and 1O 2 , thus the improved performance of Z-S@TpTt core–shell heterojunction in BPA degradation was achieved. Besides the promoted catalytical activity, the convenient separation ability and extraordinary chemical/thermal stability inherited from the magnetic core and the COF shell also enabled robust reuse of Z-S@TpTt heterojunction in FWL. All of these properties endowed Z-S@TpTt heterojunction with the practical application potential to remove BPA in an economical and environment-friendly way, which is also compatible with the "waste control by waste" strategy today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Instant catapult steam explosion technique was developed to separate wheat straw. • SE reduced hemicellulose and water-soluble ion content in wheat straw. • Liquefied bio-oil by SE-pretreated straw increased polyols' content and quality. • SEWS treatment resulted in a densely crosslinked bio-based polyurethane. • The SEWS treatment's bio-coated fertilizer release duration was up to one month. The direct liquefaction product of crop straws for bio-based polyurethane-coated fertilizers (BPCFs) has low hydroxyl values and complicated composition types, resulting in poor crosslinking degree, high hydrophilicity, and short release longevity. This study created an efficient physicochemical instant catapult steam explosion pretreatment wheat straw (SEWS) technology to remove small molecular hemicellulose and difficult-to-film-forming ions, improve straw liquefied polyol quality, and extend the release longevity of BPCFs. The results revealed that the steam explosion process (2.0 MPa for 5 min) broken the straw cell wall, hydrolyzed hemicellulose, and significantly decreased the difficult-to-film-forming ions (K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+). The SEWS liquefied residue rate dropped 38.1% to 5.5%, while the hydroxyl value increased 36.51% to 125.32 mg KOH g−1. The liquid polyol of SEWS and diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate formed a tightly cross-linked, homogenous bio-based membrane with no visible holes. Under the condition of 3% weight of the core fertilizer, the release longevity of SEWS increased from 14 to 32 days. The use of instant catapult steam explosion technology for high-efficiency pretreatment of biomass materials is conducive to improving the quality of bio-based polyols and the industrial production of bio-based controlled-release fertilizers. Furthermore, the pretreatment technology promotes the use of biomass for sustainable agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A catalytic OVA@FG nanovaccine provides a new perspective for vaccine design. • "Fe-GA catalytic unit" mimicked the ROS transfer process of NOX2 in organisms. • The fusiform-like OVA@FG exerted effective antigen cross-presentation in vivo. • OVA@FG promoted potent antitumor immunotherapy. Limited efficacy of antigen cross-presentation has become a great challenge in cancer vaccine development for increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Recent studies have found that NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex, the main catalyst for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in organisms to facilitate exogenous antigens leaking to cytoplasm, enhances the cross-presentation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Herein, inspired by the NOX2 catalytic ROS production, a cascade catalytic nanovaccine named OVA@FG was successfully developed to achieve biomimic oxidative effect. Specifically, metal-polyphenol networks (MPN), formed by naturally-derived gallic acid (GA) with Fe3+ ions, were spontaneously adsorbed on the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) templates to construct OVA@FG. OVA@FG featured with a fusiform-like structure, can effectively migrate into lymph nodes (LNs) and accumulate in APC endo-/lysosomes. GA, within the nanovaccine structure, enabled to act as reducing agents to promote Fe3+/Fe2+ transformation in the acidic endo-/lysosomal environment. The cascade catalytic reaction between GA and Fe3+ ions mimicked the transfer process of NOX2 biological mechanism in "O 2 to O 2 •− to H 2 O 2 /•OH" cycling iteration. The process promoted the OVA antigen escape from endo-/lysosomes, APCs maturation and antigen cross-presentation to T lymphocytes. Notably, high levels of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses, accompanied by the induction of CD4+ T helper cells and remarkably therapeutic efficacy, were achieved in the B16-OVA tumor bearing mice treated with OVA@FG nanovaccines. The NOX2-inspired catalytic approach represents a facile applicable strategy for effective cross-presentation of exogenous antigens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The monovalent alkali metal ion K+, alkaline earth metal ion Mg2+ and water molecules are inserted into the interlayer of V 2 O 5 by a simple one-step hydrothermal method (KMgV 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O denoted as KMgVOH) and the sample is used as the cathode material for ARZIBs with an outstanding specific capacity (423 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1) and the capacity can still reach 222 mAh·g−1 after a long cycle with a large current density. [Display omitted] • K+ and Mg2+ are inserted into the VOH layer to tune its structure. • Mg2+ can increase the specific capacity of VOH and K+ can boost the stability of V-O layer connection. • The synergistic effect of bimetallic ions greatly improves the electrochemical performance of VOH. Because of many advantages, aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have become the best alternative energy storage device to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Current studies have shown that the insertion of metal ions can adjust the layer spacing of hydrated vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O, denoted as VOH) and improve their electrochemical performance. However, the specific role of different metal ions has not been studied. Here, we have synthesized a bimetallic ion intercalation VOH, in which a one-valent metal K+ and a divalent alkaline earth metal Mg2+ are simultaneously inserted into the VOH interlayer by a one-step hydrothermal method, denoted as KMgVOH. In this material, Mg2+ can increase the layer spacing of VOH, expand the ion transport channel and improve the specific capacity of the battery. Meanwhile, K+ can make the connection between V-O layers closer and stabilize the structure of the material. The interaction of the two ions greatly improves the electrochemical performance of VOH. This KMgVOH cathode delivers an unprecedented high specific capacity of 423 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1, and the capacity can still reach 222 mAh·g−1 after a long cycle. This improvement for vanadium-based materials provides a new idea for zinc ion storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Tetrahedral DNA-assisted core-satellite nanostructure as a SERS molecular-ruler. • Dynamic monitoring of individual Hg2+ aptamer configuration processes. • The intermediate state in the Hg2+ aptamer folding process is obtained. • A new alternative strategy for achieving multi-level optical storage. Real-time analysis of DNA aptamer conformational changes is essential to understanding the function of DNA aptamers at the single-molecular level. Herein, we design core-satellite nanostructures as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) molecular-rulers to monitor the change process of single Hg2+ aptamer under dark-field microscopy (DFM-) correlated Raman spectroscopy. Applying the SERS molecular-ruler, the individual Hg2+ aptamer conformational change events triggered by Hg2+ that leads to the stepwise closing of the satellite to the core is continuously monitored by changes in SERS intensity. Moreover, individual Hg2+ aptamer conformational change events are confirmed by in-situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and finite difference time-domain (FDTD) calculation. Furthermore, the SERS molecular-ruler is a valid method for studying aptamer intermediate states, the binding sites in aptamer and the kinetics of Hg2+ aptamer configuration change at the single-molecule level. Such findings are promising for exploring the mechanism of DNA aptamer configuration change and providing the fundamental understanding for designing various DNA aptamer based biological applications. For future applications, SERS molecular-ruler has the potential to realize multi-level optical storage and presents a new practical and effective method for designing multi-level storage system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The cationic COF was used to synthesis AEMs. • DhaTG Cl /HPAN showed high selectivity based on electrostatic repulsion. • DhaTG Cl /HPAN exhibited the excellent acid stability by building the intramolecular H-bonding. Diffusion dialysis (DD) based on the anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is considered as a promising technology for acid recovery. Two-dimensional (2D) cationic covalent organic frameworks (COF) with uniform pores and intrinsic cationic-type skeleton structures are excellent candidates for the synthesis of the AEMs. However, the sustaining of crystallinity and porosity in acid environments is still a key challenge for the existing COF, which severely restricts their applicability in the acid recovery. Herein, by introducing OH functionalities adjacent to the Schiff base centers, we synthesized the acid-stable cationic COF (DhaTG Cl) layers with intralayer hydrogen bond on the surface of hydrolytic polyacrylonitrile (HPAN) ultrafiltration membrane. The strong electrostatic repulsion, endowed by cationic guanidine-based knots, as well as well-aligned proton channel, constructed by OH functionalities, rendered extremely high separation factor (S) of 4589 ± 684.2 for HCl recovery from HCl/FeCl 2 solution. The membrane maintained high selectivity toward H+/Fe2+ after 10 cycles during DD process, while the one without OH degraded during cycling experiments. Our results imply that building the intralayer H-bonding interactions could be a promising approach for expanding the application of the COF membranes for acid recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Presodiated B and N co-doped carbons was fabricated by a facial one-step synthetic process. • With the presence of NaBH 4 , g-C 3 N 4 transferred into presodiated B and N co-doped carbons. • as both presodiation agent a B and N led to promising Na+ storage capability as anode in SIBs. • Desirable ICE as high as 96.1% was recorded owing to the pre-incorporated Na+ ions. Heteroatoms doped carbon-based materials have attracted abundant attention as an anode material in high-energy density and low-cost sodium ions batteries (SIBs). However, the low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) resulted from the irreversible Na trapping and the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is denounced in the practical application. In this work, presodiated B and N co-doped carbons are fabricated by a facial one-step synthetic process employing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) as precursor and NaBH 4 as both presodiation agent and B sources. The high doping levels of B and N in the resultant carbon materials lead to a promising Na+ storage capability (308 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1) when served as the anode in SIBs. More importantly, desirable ICE as high as 96.1% was recorded for the obtained presodiated B, N co-doped carbon material benefiting from the pre-incorporated sodium, which passivates the irreversible reactive sites. This work provides a novel route to realize simultaneous presodiation and B, N co-doping within carbon materials, enabling promising Na+ storage capability and enhanced ICE for application in SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel PPy-FePO-GOx-PVA nanocomposite with cascade catalytic capacity was designed. • This nanocomposite can reshape tumor microenvironment through a cascade catalytic process. • This nanocomposite can generate abundant toxic·OH to drive tumor cells into ferroptosis pathway. • This nanocomposite can eliminate tumor effectively through the synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis strategy. Utilizing the synergistic effect of apoptosis and ferroptosis for tumor elimination is a promising and effective strategy. Herein, a novel PPy-FePO-GOx-PVA nanocomposite with cascade catalytic capacity was designed and fabricated for tumor synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis therapy. This nanocomposite was consisted of poly(vinyl alcohol)-stabilized polypyrrole (PPy-PVA) core, iron phosphate (FePO) payload, and glucose oxidase (GOx) decoration. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can be reshaped by this nanocomposite through a cascade catalytic process. Abundant gluconic acid and H 2 O 2 are generated in TME during the GOx-mediated glucose depletion process, which could promote the release of iron ions from FePO and elevate the efficiency of the consequent Fenton reaction. A mass of toxic ·OH was produced to oxidize lipids to lipid hydroperoxides, driving tumor cells into ferroptosis pathway. The redox reaction between Fe3+ ions and glutathione can provide Fe2+ ions, consume glutathione, and further inactive glutathione-dependent peroxidase 4, promoting the efficiency of ferroptosis by destroying redox balance. Furthermore, hyperthermia can be generated by PPy component under 1064 nm laser irradiation, causing tumor cell apoptosis. In vivo data reveal that effective tumor elimination is achieved by this PPy-FePO-GOx-PVA nanocomposite under laser irradiation through the synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C@Fe 2 C/TiO photocatalytic CO 2 realizes C–C coupling to produce C2 fuel mainly due to the formation of a Z-scheme heterojunction between Fe 2 C and TiO, which changes the electron transmission path, and the CO* generated by TiO induces the production of C2. [Display omitted] • A novel C@Fe 2 C/TiO ternary composite catalyst is prepared. • The catalyst exhibits high activity under simulated sunlight with main-product of C 2 H 4. • The catalyst could be excited by NIR lights. CO 2 conversion is of great industrial importance in reducing green-house effect and reusing carbon-resource. Most studies are focused on the thermocataltic CO 2 conversion, which usually performs over noble metal catalysts at high temperature and pressure. Recently, photocatalytic CO 2 conversion has caused increasing attention owing to the energy save, low-cost and clean reaction route. The key problem is to design photocatalysts high activity and strong durability. Here, we choose to prepare a novel C@Fe 2 C/TiO ternary composite catalyst by reducing organic compounds under an ammonia atmosphere. During CO 2 reduction reaction in aqueous solution, the catalyst exhibits high activity under simulated sunlight with main-product of C 2 H 4 (35.483 μmol g-1h−1). Even irradiating with near-infrared lights, the catalytic conversion still proceeds successfully, but the main-product turns to be CH 4 (18.315 μmol g-1h−1). Based on the chanracterizations and DFT calculation, the high activity could be attributed to the cooperation between the Fe 2 C catalyst toward C 2 H 4 and the TiO 2 photocatalyst. Specially, C@Fe 2 C/TiO could be excited by NIR lights owing to the narrow-energy band gap. More importantly, the photoelectrons could be easily separated from holes owing to the presence of the Z-scheme heterojunctions, leading to the enhanced photocatalytic activity. This work provides new insights to understand the CO 2 reduction reaction mechanism to develop photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • GSH-responsive nanogel was innovatively constructed by photocrosslinking. • AVM@PFTA realized the comprehensive improvement of pesticide efficiency. • AVM@PFTA improved deposition, retention, photostability of pesticide. • AVM@PFTA achieves better pest control efficiency than commercial formulations. • A multifunctional emulsify-crosslinking agent (PFTA) was designed and synthesized. The extremely low utilization efficiency of pesticides has driven the development of various smart, green pesticide-delivery systems. However, the existing strategies for controlling pesticide losses are step-specific or complicated preparation processes. Here, by precisely designing a multifunctional emulsify-crosslinking agent (PFTA) and innovating drug loading means, we constructed a simple and compatible nanogel delivery system by photocrosslinking, realizing the comprehensive improvement of pesticide efficiency in terms of encapsulation, deposition, retention, photodegradation resistance and release of pesticides. The nanosized networks can effectively and firmly encapsulate pesticides and protect pesticides from photodegradation, 82.42 % of the loaded AVM remained in the nanogel after UV irradiation for 28 h. Meanwhile, the chain structure of PTFA and nanosize network ensure nanogel complete deposition on superhydrophobic plant surfaces and inhibition of rainwater erosion. More importantly, glutathione-induced disruption of the nanosized networks determines the precise pesticide release. Our findings provide new insight into and new directions for the study of novel agrochemical-delivery systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The perovskite film prepared by blade-coating is used as positive friction layer. • The PVDF/graphene nanofiber prepared by electrospinning is used as negative layer. • Both surface contact area and surface potential difference are increased. • Changing the preparation methods improves the output performance of the TENG. • The TENG can be used for energy harvesting, and temperature/humidity sensors. Increasing the triboelectric charge density, and increasing the contact area are both important for improving the triboelectric output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). In this work, the triboelectric output performances of TENGs were significantly improved by changing the preparation method of positive friction layer material Cs 0.05 FA 0.7 MA 0.25 PbI 3 perovskite film and negative friction layer material PVDF-graphene (PG) composite material. The TENG based on perovskite film prepared by blade-coating (P-B) and PG nanofiber prepared by electrospinning (PG-E) achieved champion triboelectric output performances, including an open-circuit voltage of 200 V, a short-circuit current of 16.3 μA, a maximum transfer charge of 88.2 nC and a power density of 11.32 W/m2 under 3 Hz and 50 N, mainly because of the smaller work function of the P-B film and the larger effective contact area of the PG-E nanofiber. Besides, the TENG shows good durability and stability under different humidity and temperature conditions, and it can quickly charge capacitors and light up 351 commercial LEDs. This work demonstrates that the P-B and PG-E based TENG can be applied to energy harvesting, low power electronic devices driving, and self-powered temperature and humidity sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • KMGHCa gel showed excellent stretchability and photothermoelectric-responsiveness. • The sensor exhibited outstanding sensitivity and photothermoelectric conversion. • The gel can be used for motion monitoring, TENG, and photothermoelectric detector. The utilization of conductive hydrogel-based flexible sensors has garnered significant interest in various fields such as electronic skin, human activity monitoring, and human–machine interaction. Nonetheless, the development of photothermoelectric-responsive conductive hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, extensive sensing capabilities, and resistance to low temperatures remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a combined electronic and ionic conductive hydrogel named as KMGHCa hydrogel with robust toughness, high stretchability, and photothermoelectric-responsiveness was constructed by integrating two-dimensional MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x) nanosheet into a gellan gum/ poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylate) matrix in calcium chloride solution via heating–cooling-photopolymerization. The incorporation of MXene into the hydrogel not only imparted remarkable photothermal characteristics under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, but also functioned as a crosslinking agent and conductive additive. The as-prepared hydrogels exhibited outstanding mechanical property (tensile stress of 1463 %, tensile strain of 1008 kPa), attractive conductivity (2.07 S/m) and anti-freezing ability simultaneously. The sensor constructed by KMGHCa hydrogel exhibited a broad sensing range spanning from 0 % to 400 %, high sensitivity with a gauge factor of 4.40, and outstanding photothermoelectric conversion characteristics (photothermal conversion efficiency of 93.6 %, thermoelectric sensitivity of −0.41 %/°C, and photoelectric responsivity of 9 mA/W), which also widely applied to various applications, including monitoring various human behaviors, self-powered triboelectric nanogenerators, and NIR light-responsive photothermoelectric detector. Therefore, this work provided a general route for generating multifunctional hydrogels toward applications in motion monitoring sensors, energy harvesting devices, photothermoelectric detection systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • BPO 4 with in-situ Brønsted acid sites was employed for glycerol dehydration. • BPO 4 shows high acrolein yield of 80 % and robust stability during 425 h test. • In-situ Brønsted acid site is highly selective for the secondary hydroxyl groups. • The construction of B[3] and P[4] defects is a prerequisite for the active site. Dehydroxylation of biomass-based platform molecules is critical for obtaining building blocks for use in the chemical industry. Acid catalytic dehydration has provided a feasible route. However, simultaneously pursuing high product-selective and ultra-stable catalysts for the dehydroxylation of polyols remains an open challenge. In this study, a strategy for in-situ Brønsted acid sites (BAS) with chemo-adsorption selectivity is proposed. The construction of defect sites B[3] and P[4] species has been proved to be a prerequisite for the dynamic acid site formation at hydrothermal conditions. The BPO 4 catalyst with in-situ BAS can achieve the high selectivity of acrolein (∼80%) and robust stability of catalyst (over 425 h) using glycerol dehydration as a model reaction. In addition, in-situ BAS is highly selective for secondary hydroxyl groups and has been extended to other substrate applications. This catalytic strategy provides a green, efficient, and economical approach for converting biomass-derived polyols to high-value-added chemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Phytic acid was served as the etchant and phosphorus source to fabricate Co 2 P/hollow porous carbon hybrids. • Nano-sized Co 2 P particles were anchored inside the hollow N-rich porous carbon nanoleaf. • Confinement effect of carbon framework inhibits the particle aggregation. • Hollow porous structure provides abundant highly accessible active sites. • The optimized Co 2 P-NC shows good catalytic performance for HER, OER and water splitting. Developing low-cost and robust bifunctional transition metal phosphide (TMPs)-based catalysts with controlled structures and compositions is very important for overall water splitting (OWS). Herein, we report a new hollow leaf-like Co 2 P/N-doped porous carbon (Co 2 P-NC) composite, using the Co-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework nanoleaf (Co-ZIF-L) coated with polydopamine (PDA) layer as precursor and phytic acid as etchant and phosphorus source. Due to the etching and coordination reaction between phytic acid and leaf-like Co-ZIF-L, the hollow structure is formed after an one-set pyrolysis process. Within this as-prepared TMP/carbon composite, Co 2 P nanoparticles are encapsulated and dispersed in two-dimensional (2D) hollow leaf-like N-doped porous carbon. Benefiting from structural and componential advantages, the Co 2 P-NC exhibits high catalytic activity and durability for both HER and OER as well as OWS in the alkaline medium. Unlike the traditional gas–solid reaction method for preparing TMPs, the present synthetic strategy is more safe and simple, which is very feasible for designing hollow TMPs/porous carbon composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly water-sources tolerant monolithic H+/10-CoMoB catalyst has been successfully developed by simple and efficient H+-etching corrosion engineering. The catalyst enables high water-sources adaptive hydrolysis of borohydrides. Moreover, NaBH 4 -based H 2 supply system with this catalyst has achieved full drive of 100 W fuel cell using different water-sources. [Display omitted] • CoMoB based catalyst with high water-sources adaptability has been developed. • The catalyst has great borohydride hydrolysis activity in natural water-sources. • H 2 generator with the catalyst drives 100 W fuel cell using various water-sources. High water-source adaptability is meaningful to the popularization of hydrolysis of borohydrides as portable hydrogen generation technique. Herein, the key catalyst that can enable high water-sources adaptive hydrolysis of borohydrides is successfully developed for the first time. The as-prepared monolithic CoMoB based catalyst has outstanding catalytic activity with high hydrogen generation rate of the 3.0 L min−1 g−1 at 25 °C and low activation energy of 38.7 kJ mol−1 toward the hydrolysis of NaBH 4 using deionized water. More importantly, the catalyst exhibits distinguished durability toward hydrolysis of borohydrides in various water, including deionized water, lake water, and even seawater benefiting from its unique structure and gas scouring effect. Furthermore, an efficient NaBH 4 -based H 2 supply system is developed with the catalyst and this system successfully achieves full drive of 100 W fuel cell using different sources of water. This study may provide a new protocol to develop portable H 2 generation system with high water source adaptability in wild environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pressure curves inside the reactor along with reaction time, which also exhibts the transformation process of LiCoO 2 and ethanol–water. [Display omitted] • Ethanol-water assisted vapor thermal reduction was developed for selectively extracting lithium from spent LIBs. • Over 99% of Li and transition metals were separated by one step. • Chemical delithiation was completed at 370 °C in 2 h. • LTMO mateirals are a potential catalyst to enable the converntion of ethanol to generate CH 4 and H 2 gas. Pre-extraction of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is highly required to obtain a high recovery rate of lithium. Here, we report an ethanol–water vapor thermal reduction approach in a sealed reactor to selectively recycle lithium and transition metal oxides (TMOs) from spent LIBs. Spent cathode materials were converted to LiOH and TMO by the reduction of water-alcohol vapor at a temperature of 350–400 °C. More than 99 % of the Li in LiCoO 2 was selectively extracted from LiCoO 2 at 370 °C for 2 h and at 400 °C for 0.8 h. The selective extraction is co-driven by water and alcohol that enable the reduction of LiCoO 2 and release water-soluble LiOH and water-insoluble TMOs. In addition, the water–vapor thermal reduction method is applicable to selectively recovery Li from different types of cathode materials such as NCMs and lithium manganese oxide. The pre-selective extraction ensures a high lithium recovery rate and a reagent-saving manner. We envision that the vapor thermal recovery method could help recycle spent LIBs by an environmentally friendly and economically reasonable way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Microwave-enabled one-pot synthesis of PW/EG composite for thermal energy storage. • Reducing preparation time from hours to a few minutes. • Outstanding stability and no leakage at 92% paraffin loading. • 16X enhancement of thermal conductivity, and nearly 100% capacity retention. • Integrating into thermoelectrics with 5X performant enhancement. To mitigate the intermittency of renewable energy generation and achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions, a cyclically stable and energy-efficient thermal energy storage system (TESS) is increasingly required. To prevent leakage and enhance thermal conductivity and stability, TESS is typically fabricated by impregnating energy storage materials (ESMs) into porous conductive additives. However, the impregnation-based encapsulation process is both time-consuming (several to tens of hours) and energy-intensive, and the incorporation of additives reduces the proportion of ESMs, resulting in decreased energy capacity. In this study, we present an ultrafast (several minutes) and energy-efficient one-pot encapsulation method for in situ encapsulation of paraffin wax (PW) within the pores of expanded graphite (EG) via microwave irradiation of expandable graphite (Eg) in molten PW. The resulting binary PW/EG composites exhibit shape stability and no leakage even at 92 wt% PW loading. The PW/EG composite with 10 wt% EG demonstrates a thermal conductivity of 3.7 W/mK (16.2 times higher than that of pure PW), a thermal release/absorption efficiency of around 99.5 %, and almost 100 % capacity retention after thermal cycling. Additionally, we demonstrate that integrating PW/EG TESS with thermoelectric (TE) modules can increase TE power generation by more than fivefold, highlighting their potential for energy storage and conversion as well as mitigating waste heat source intermittency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple one-step reaction method is applied to produce a [Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl@3D CuZn current collector. During Li plating, the lithiophilic [Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl guides Li deposition into the pores and tunnels of the 3D framework, which can accommodate and limit volume expansion. These multiple effects enable low-barrier and dendrite-free Li plating/stripping with a stable and high electrochemical performance. [Display omitted] • Energy-efficient preparation method of [Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl@3D CuZn was developed. • Synergistic effects from three-dimensional structure and surface chelate enable good cycle stability. • Formation mechanism of the chelate compound on the 3D CuZn is revealed. • Coulomb efficiency of the [Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl@3D CuZn||Li half-cell stabilized for 270 cycles at 0.5C. • Li@[Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl@3D CuZn||Li symmetric-cell stabilized for 1200 h at 0.5C. Li-metal batteries (LMBs) are regarded as some of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their superior theoretical specific capacity and lowest electrochemical potential. However, the application of LMBs has been severely hindered by the uncontrollable dendrite growth and volume expansion of metal anodes during Li plating. Herein, we construct a three-dimensional (3D) porous CuZn current collector decorated with a lithiophilic [Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl compound (3D 1H3N), in which [Cu(NH 3) 2 ]Cl offers nucleation sites and guides fast Li+ deposition in the pores and tunnels. The 3D framework accommodates volume expansion and disperses deposition current. Together, these two functions contribute to low-barrier and dendrite-free Li plating/stripping with enhanced Coulombic efficiency (CE) and excellent stability. The half-cell utilizing the as-fabricated 3D 1H3N current collector exhibited a CE of 98 % for over 270 cycles at 0.5 mA·cm–2 and 97 % for over 220 cycles at 1 mA·cm–2. The Li@3D 1H3N anode stabilized over 270 cycles (1100 h) at 0.5C in symmetric cells and delivered a capacity retention of 92.5 % after 450 cycles at 1C (1C = 170 mAh·g–1) in full cells. This study sheds light on the multifunction modification of self-supported anode current collectors for advanced LMBs to promote their practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High- and low-entropy metal–organic frameworks (MOF) have been demonstrated for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction. • These entropy-directed catalysts demonstrates excellent performances for overall water splitting. • A photovoltaic-tandem water splitting system has been assembled with high solar-to-hydrogen energy efficiency. We report a water splitting system based on flow-type electrolytic cells, which are catalyzed by the catalysts composed of anodic high-entropy metal–organic framework (MOF) and cathodic low-entropy nickel, iron-MOF. These MOF catalysts have shown excellent activities for overall water splitting characteristic of small applied voltage (1.64 V at 10 mA cm−2) and strong durability for 100 hrs. Based on these catalysts, a tandem system has been assembled by connecting several flow-type water-splitting cells in series, which require 3.3 V for two cells and 5.32 V for three cells to reach 10 mA cm−2. Further, a solar-to-hydrogen production system has been demonstrated by coupling the tandem water splitting cells with photovoltaic panels, which show high Faradaic efficiencies (98.93 %, 98.95 %, and 98.40 %) and energy efficiencies (18.80 %, 18.80 % and 18.70 %) for single-, two-, and three-cells, respectively. The present work would provide new insights into the design of efficient energy-conversion systems for many applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A series Na x TMO 2 with different P2/O3 ratio were synthesized by tuning Na contents. • Decreased Jahn-Teller Mn3+ in Na storage process with the increase of P2 phase ratio. • P2/O3 intergrowth structure mitigates O3 phase transition to poor Na O1 phase. • Alleviated volumetric change and improved Na+ diffusion rate benefit the performance. O3-type sodium layered oxides have garnered significant attention as highly promising candidates for sodium ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity. However, they often encounter challenges associated with complex and irreversible phase transitions and sluggish kinetics. To overcome these issues, herein we integrate the O3-type phase with the P2-type phase and systematically investigate the influence of different ratios of P2 phase in O3-type Na x Li 0.05 Mn 0.55 Ni 0.3 Cu 0.075 Mg 0.025 O 2 pentanary layered oxides on the electrochemical performance by tuning the sodium contents. The LMC 3 -P2/O3-32 with optimized P2 phase ratio of 32.3 % exhibits a high reversible capacity of 157.0 mAh g−1 at a rate of 0.2C and excellent capacity retention rate of 63.5 % after 1000 cycles at 10C. The LCM 3 -P2/O3-32 also demonstrates good cycle life and rate capability in full cells when coupled with a hard carbon anode. In situ X-ray diffraction analyses confirm that the detrimental phase transformations to Na-poor O1 phase and the irreversible phase transitions occurred in the pure O3 cathode can be effectively suppressed in the P2/O3 biphasic cathode. The less Jahn-Teller active ions, enhanced phase transition reversibility and improved diffusion kinetics of Na+ ions are responsible for the improved cyclability and rate capability in the P2/O3 nanoscale intergrowth cathode. Our work shed light on the leverage of P2 and O3 phases through phase integration in layered oxides cathodes, which can serve as a guideline for the further development of high-performance cathode materials for advanced sodium ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • DMF can undergo complete degradation by synthetic bacterial consortium. • Two pathways are involved in the complete degradation of DMF. • The selectivity of DMFases regulate the DMAC/DMF preference of the consortium. • The role of key strains is elucidated through multi-omics and pure cultivation. The challenge posed by the chemical stability of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) renders its biological treatment a complex endeavor. Despite the isolation and characterization of numerous DMF-degrading bacterial strains, their limited adaptability to diverse environments has resulted in suboptimal efficacy in the treatment of actual DMF-containing wastewater. This research aims to address this predicament by employing a "top-down" approach to engineer a synthetic bacterial community termed DMF syn. The mineralization of 0.5 % (v/v) DMF (∼4725 mg L−1) was efficiently carried out by DMF syn within 4 days. Notably, robust DMF degradation capabilities across a broad spectrum of environmental conditions were observed. In scenarios where N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) coexisted with DMF, degradation followed a sequential pattern: NMP > DMAC > DMF. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenomic analysis, potential functional genes and species responsible for DMF degradation were unveiled. The active DMF degraders in DMF syn , including Paracoccus aminovorans bin8, Hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans bin2, Hyphomicrobium zavarzinii bin0, Paracoccus zhejiangensis bin23, and Aquamicrobium lusatiens e bin4, were substantiated by metaproteomic analysis. Furthermore, another DMF-mineralizing bacterium Aminobacter niigataensis DMFA1 was isolated from DMF syn. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the preference for DMAC over DMF at the community level is dictated by the substrate specificity of DMFases from Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans bin6. By harnessing a multi-omics approach, conducting pure culture studies, and employing molecular simulations, an intricate mechanism governing DMF degradation and substrate preference within the DMF syn was elucidated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic evolutions of atomic and electronic structure on Cu 2 MoS 4 catalysts were firstly explored by combining synchronous-illumination X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with X-ray diffraction. Benefitting from the above structure characteristics, Cu 2 MoS 4 nanosheets exhibit excellent activity enhancement (8.7 μmol g−1 h−1) for CO 2 reduction to C 2 H 4 under the visible light irradiation in comparison with the trace amount of Cu-doped MoS 2 and pure MoS 2. [Display omitted] • The dynamic evolutions of surface structures in Cu 2 MoS 4 nanosheets were observed. • The novel SI-XPS and SI-XRD technologies were first applied. • The Cu 2 MoS 4 nanosheets exhibited excellent photocatalytic CO 2 to C 2 H 4 activity. • A new and valuable insight into the photocatalysis for CO 2 reduction was put forward. Understanding the charge dynamic behavior of the catalyst is crucial to unravel the underlying mechanism for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction to C 2+ products. However, the structure–activity relationships are not intuitive because of the dynamic evolution of electronic and atomic structures for catalysts under the excitation state. Herein, modeling on layered Cu 2 MoS 4 nanosheets, we for the first time observe charge migration-induced evolution of electronic and atomic structure on Cu 2 MoS 4 catalyst during the CO 2 reduction process by combining synchronous-illumination X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SI-XPS) with X-ray diffraction (SI-XRD). During the dissociation of CO 2 molecules as well as the charge migration process under the visible light irradiation condition, the surface S atoms return back to the lattice phase, leading to the valence-state normalization of Cu, Mo and S atoms and the increases of the interlayer lattice spacing. By virtue of the above unique characteristic changes, Cu 2 MoS 4 nanosheets exhibit excellent activity enhancement (8.7 μmol g−1 h−1) for CO 2 reduction to C 2 H 4 under the visible light irradiation in comparison with the trace amount of Cu-doped MoS 2 and pure MoS 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The PPY/PG is small-pores at top region and large-pores at the bottom region. • The long-standing trade-off between water supply and heat loss was surmounted. • The PPY/PG shows evaporation rate of 2.49 kg m−2h−1 and solar efficiency of 96.3 %. Engineering the pore structure of evaporator to effectively integrate water and thermal management is critical for efficient solar-driven interfacial vapor generation. Here, inspired by the unique structure of Benincasa hispidas , a bioinspired pore-gradient aerogel was fabricated for the first time. Experiments and numerical simulations reveal that the unique anisotropic porous structure of aerogel, which consists of small-pores at top region and large-pores at bottom region, enabling it to maximize the heat gains from the sunlight and localize the generated heat while provide adequate water supply concurrently. Under solar illumination (1 kW m−2), the fabricated aerogel can achieve a high evaporation rate of 2.49 kg m−2h−1, and the calculated energy efficiency is approximately 96.3 %, which is comparable to most of state-of-the-art evaporators. Additionally, with this aerogel employed, effective purification toward various undrinkable water can be achieved. This work derives from nature, providing us a design blueprint to integrate water and thermal management in a bulky material, and it is expected to advance one step further toward the design and practical application of high-performance solar evaporators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Fabrication of high-performance wafer-scale micro-supercapacitors with fractal structures. • Fractal design enhances electric field distribution and boosts capacitance in MSCs. • FMSCs achieve impressive specific capacitance of 615.3 μF cm−2 at 1 V s−1. • FMSCs exhibit superior high-frequency performance, ideal for kHz applications. • Effective high-frequency AC filtering demonstrated in an AC line filter circuit. Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are attracting attention as vital filter capacitors for microscale power conversion in alternating current (AC) line-filtering circuits due to their rapid frequency response characteristics. This study demonstrates the wafer-scale fabrication of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-based MSCs with a high-potential device structure incorporating fractal microelectrodes. The experimental and simulation results show that the new structure enables increased ion-transport rates through increased absorption sites and a strong electric field, resulting in improved energy storage and frequency response performance. Therefore, by optimizing the size of the microelectrodes, the fractal MSCs (FMSCs) achieve a high specific capacitance of 615.3 μF cm−2 at 1 V s−1 and their highest frequency characteristic (f 0) can reach kHz. Notably, the FMSCs exhibit excellent filtering performance in AC line-filtering circuits by successfully filtering different AC waveforms at a high frequency of 20 kHz into direct current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A Janus cotton fabric is fabricated by a surface engineering strategy. • Surface engineered Janus cotton fabrics possess a long-lasting antibacterial property. • Janus cotton fabrics realize superior directional liquid transport property. • Janus cotton fabrics could maintain body temperature 5.63 °C lower than that of the surrounding environment. The hydrophilic property of traditional cotton fabrics invariably facilitates sweat absorption, potentially leading to discomfort such as cold and clammy sensation, and even promoting bacterial proliferation. Herein, we developed a Janus cotton fabric using a surface engineering strategy combining "graft through" and "mist polymerization" methodologies. Through the "graft through" polymerization of methacryloyloxyethyl dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DMDB), we constructed a well-designed antibacterial coating on the fabric with amphiphilic properties. The resulting polymer, PDMDB, imparts highly efficient and durable antibacterial properties to the cotton fabric, achieving a bcteriostatic rates against S. aureus and E. coli of > 99.9 %. Even after undergoing 150 washing cycles, the residual bactericidal efficacy remains above 99 %. Additionally, the reversible hydrophilic-hydrophobic nature of PDMDB successfully enables the construction of a Janus structure on cotton fabrics via "mist polymerization". Benefiting from its comprehensive design, the Janus cotton fabrics realize a superior directional liquid transport property. Its water evaporation rate is 1.3–1.5 times higher than that of the original cotton fabric in continuous outdoor moisture management, while maintaining body temperature 5.63 °C lower than that of the surrounding environment. It is worth mentioning that our approach utilizes abundant raw materials and facile modification technologies, thereby providing a favorable guarantee for the mass production and use of Janus cotton fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• SbBi x nanoparticles embedded in ultra-thin carbon networks are designed. • SbBi x @C exhibits excellent performance in both sodium and potassium storage. • The influence of proportion in SbBi x on energy storage behavior is revealed. • SEI composition and particle surface states play an important role in energy storage. The alloy proportions of SbBi x show obvious influence on sodium/potassium storage. Herein, SbBi x nanoparticles embedded in ultra-thin carbon networks (SbBi x @C, x = 1, 0.5, 0.15) are successfully synthesized by a facile salt template assisted pyrolysis method. The effect of different alloy proportions on the chemical and electrochemical properties of active materials is revealed. Density functional theory calculation demonstrates that SbBi 0.5 has the smallest formation energy (−5.131 eV) and the smallest volume expansion rate for both sodium/potassium storage (222%/376%). Benefiting from the optimized volume expansion for both sodium/potassium storage and carbon networks structure, the optimized SbBi 0.5 @C anode shows high reversible capacities of 301 mAh/g and 390 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 0.1 A/g for sodium/potassium storage, respectively. It is also observed that the SbBi 0.5 @C anode delivers different behaviours of sodium/potassium storage, which is due to the various composition of SEI films formed after sodium/potassium storage. It is believed that this work provides a synthetic strategy for fabricating alloy-type anode materials for SIBs/PIBs, in view of structure design and the regulation of alloy proportion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-assembled catalyst has the excellent selectivity and activity at low concentrations of CO 2. [Display omitted] • The self-assembled catalyst of CC3/Pd is synthesized. • Catalyst has the excellent selectivity and activity at low concentrations of CO 2. • The size effect of Pd nanoparticles has been systematically studied. • The mechanism of catalyst photoreduction CO 2 to CH 4 is studied. Porous heterogeneous photocatalysts containing both CO 2 adsorption and catalytically active sites can be might beneficial to achieve photoreduction of low concentrations of CO 2 to methane. Here, we show a self-assembled catalyst by combining catalytically-active Pd nanoparticles and porous organic cages for the CO 2 -to-CH 4 photoreduction reaction in the presence a molecular photosensitizer and a sacrificial reagent. The Pd nanoparticles is vital for the high CH 4 selectivity (over 97%) for the CO 2 photoreduction reaction, but they suffer from the low catalytic activity. When these Pd nanoparticles are equipped with an underneath support of porous organic cages, it dramatically boosts the catalytic activity with a high production rate of 78.5 μmol g-1h−1, while the CH 4 selectivity is up to ∼ 98% (electron basis). Importantly, when the photoreduction is performed under low concentration of CO 2 (10% concentration), over 98% of CH 4 selectivity and nearly 50% of the catalytic activity for the Pd-based catalysts retains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Detailly present that dsDNA formed by HCR activates the cGAS-STING signaling. • miRNA-triggered controllable DNAzyme is designed for gene silencing of PD-L1. • H/LDz-M@B simultaneously realize innate and adaptive antitumor immunotherapy. • H/LDz-M@B theranostic nanosystem has both tumor imaging and therapy functions. Targeted manipulation of cytoplasmic double-strand (dsDNA) generation in tumors to activate cGAS-STING signaling remains challenging in antitumor immunity. Herein, we proposed an endogenous tumor-associated microRNAs-triggered theranostic nanosystem for codelivery of Hybridization Chain Reaction (HCR) and DNAzyme systems to achieve robust long-term antitumor immunity based on MnO 2 -adjuvant nanoparticles. The MnO 2 was decomposed into Mn2+ ions in the endosome and thus released HCR and DNAzyme systems. Endogenous miR-21-triggered HCR for dsDNA generation, thereby resulting in cGAS-STING signaling activation. Meanwhile, the DNAzyme system was unlocked and catalyzed respectively via endogenous miR-146a and cofactor Mn2+ ions for gene silencing of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to achieve immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB). The combination of innate immunity based on HCR system and adaptive immune-responses mediated by DNAzyme system acquired robust antitumor immunity and long-term immune effect on distal tumors and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. In summary, this endogenously-responsive nanosystem with self-supplied cytoplasmic dsDNA presents strong antitumor immune activation and provides a long-term immunotherapeutic potential for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A NO electrochemical sensor based on Au/MWCNT-FeTCP/Nafion nanocomposite was constructed with specificity and low detection limit. • The sensor has excellent catalytic performance for NO released by cells and tissues induced by plastic particles. • The oxidative damage induced by plastic particles in different time and concentration was evaluated for the first time using electrochemical sensors. • An unclear cell signaling pathway about apoptosis caused by plastic particles was revealed using our sensor. • The work provided new ideas and methods for evaluating the potential toxicity of plastic particles. Plastic particles are common pollutants in our daily lives and cause a range of potential toxicities when ingested by living organisms. However, the complex morphology of plastic particles in the natural environment makes it difficult to assess their potential toxicity using conventional ecological monitoring techniques. Therefore, we constructed an electrochemical sensor based on gold/multi-wall carbon nanotube-Fe(III) meso -tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin/Nafion (Au/MWCNT-FeTCP/Nafion) composite material to evaluate the potential toxicity of plastic particles through the detection of nitric oxide (NO). The sensor exhibited good catalytic performance for NO with a linear relationship within 0.1–––0.7 μmol/L and 0.8–––5 μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.08 μM. We used this sensor to evaluate the changes in NO released by cells and tissues exposed to polystyrene (PS) plastic particles which showed that as the concentration of PS incubated with cells increased and the incubation time prolonged, the level of NO released by cells also increased. Notably, we combined immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and electrochemical analysis methods simultaneously to reveal the cellular signaling pathway of NO production and apoptosis induced by PS. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the sensor in biomonitoring the oxidative damage of PS plastic particles on NO was further verified at the tissue level by constructing a mouse model treated with PS plastic particles. The sensor presented here offers a promising approach to study the biotoxicity of plastic particles and may contribute to the development of novel solutions for mitigating their hazardous effects on the human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A win–win strategy is established for recycling Li and preparing the catalyst. • Waste biomass and spent lithium-ion batteries are used to prepare inexpensive CoO-C catalysts. • CoO-C catalysts show a high turnover frequency value (2.9714 min−1). • The mechanism of catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin is revealed. • Carbon coating reduces Co leaching rate and improves electron distribution. The functional utilization of transition metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an essential upcycling way. Herein, we propose a win–win strategy to recover Li and prepare CoO-C catalysts from spent LIBs and waste biomass, and the CoO-C catalyst is used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP). The interaction between CoO and carbon endows the CoO-C catalyst with a degradation efficiency of 99.99% within 30 min. Both the radical pathway (SO 4 · - and · OH) and the non-radical pathway (surface electron transfer) are involved in the degradation of CIP in the CoO-C/PMS system. The electrostatic potential indicates that the supported carbon improves the electron distribution, showing a particularly high turnover frequency (TOF) value (2.9714 min−1) for CIP. The efficient and stable degradation over a wide range of pH and different aqueous matrices indicates the potential application of CoO-C catalysts. Overall, the pyrolysis reduction upcycles spent LIBs and waste biomass, offering a green way to convert waste to value-added high-performance water remediation catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A hot-pressed peanut meal protein adhesive enhanced by peanut shell was prepared. • The fiber from peanut shell was constructed as mineralized skeletons (Ag/ZnO@APSF). • The luteolin from peanut shell was epoxidized to develop a biobased crosslinker (LE). • The adhesive with anti-mildew properties had a long-term adhesion for 14 d. • The peak heat release rate and total heat release reduced by 35.2% and 28.4%. Hot-pressed peanut meal protein (HPMP) adhesives showed great potential as an alternative to formaldehyde-based adhesives because of their renewability and environmental-friendly, but their practical applications are severely limited by the poor bonding strength, water resistance and anti-mildew properties. Inspired by the spider leg structure, the functional graded peanut shell fiber (Ag/ZnO@APSF) loaded with metal nanoparticles was constructed through the biomineralization strategy as mineralized skeleton; Luteolin Epoxide (LE) as crosslinking agent. We had developed a green strategy for fabricating a novel HPMP adhesive with strong water resistance, high bonding strength, and strong mold resistance was prepared through a steel bars-concrete network structure using peanut waste, Ag/ZnO@APSF and LE. Compared with pure HPMP adhesive, the dry shear strength and wet shear strength of adhesive increased by 114% (2.29 MPa) and 257.9% (1.36 MPa), respectively. The residual rate increased by 43.8%, the moisture absorption rate and viscosity decreased by 48% and 45.4%, respectively. The adhesive had excellent flame retardancy with a reduction of 35.2% in peak heat release rate and 28.4% in total heat release rate, respectively. The antimildew time increased from 1 d to more than 45 d. In addition, the HPMP adhesive exhibited long-term adhesion behavior (pot life of 14 d), the pre-pressing bonding strength increased by 175.7% (1.02 MPa). This strategy had enhanced the added value of peanut waste and contributed to the development of multifunctional new plant protein adhesives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The ACPP nanoeggs relieve hypoxic tumor microenvironment and elevate the generation of singlet oxygen (1O 2) in SDT. • The ACPP nanoeggs convert H 2 O 2 into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). • The decoration of Pd increased the content ratio of Ce3+/Ce4+, significantly enhanced enzymatic activities of nanoeggs. There is an increasing appreciation for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) that is triggered by ultrasound (US) to treat deep-seated tumors noninvasively. Whereas, the low production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) limits its effect because of the rapid recombination of electron-hole (e–-h+) pairs in sonosensitizers. Herein, Au@CeO 2 -Pd-PFH (ACPP) nanoegg with significantly improved sonosensitization and Fenton-like catalyst was manufactured. Under the irradiation of US, the ACPP nanoegg exhibited improved efficiency of ROS production owing to the narrow bandgap of 1.72 eV and the efficient e–-h+ separation ability. Additionally, the designed ACPP nanoegg mimicked not only peroxidase activity to convert endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT) but also catalase activity to produce oxygen (O 2) for ameliorating hypoxia and enhancing SDT. The decoration of Pd increased the content ratio of Ce3+/Ce4+, significantly elevating the enzymatic activity of nanoegg. With further loading of perfluorohexane (PFH), which led to a transition under US irradiation, US imaging of the tumor was realized. Through both in vitro and in vivo experimental studies, the nanoegg developed in this work was demonstrated to be a promising strategy for cancer nanotheranostic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • HER/OER synergism of Ni2+/O v is the core issue for overall water splitting. • Ni2+ ions with high solar efficiency and rapidly electron diffusion can promote HER. • O v can decrease OER energy barrier and promote holes transportation for OER. • Heterojunction with appropriate potential gradient can improve carrier efficiency. • Hollow core–shell structure can increase active sites and solar efficiency. The synergetic HER/OER (hydrogen evolution reaction/oxygen evolution reaction) is the crucial issue for overall water splitting. Herein, the Ni2+-LaNiO 3 /CdS hollow core–shell heterojunction with HER/OER synergism of Ni2+/O v (oxygen vacancy) is synthesized by a hybrid hydrothermal-reductive-chemical method. As shown, the Ni2+-LaNiO 3 /CdS (∼15480.79 μmol∙g−1∙h−1) exhibits an obvious visible light photocatalytic enhancement (HER/Photodegradation) than that of single LaNiO 3 (∼200/∼15 folds) and single CdS (∼120/∼6 folds), and achieves a better overall water splitting performance of ∼ 645.23(H 2)/321.62(O 2) μmol∙g−1∙h−1 (∼110 folds of LaNiO 3), and a respectable stability (∼5.64% decreasing during 24 h). It mainly ascribes to the synergetic HER/OER via the Ni2+/O v , formed heterojunction and hollow core–shell structure. There, the Ni2+ ions can increase solar efficiency and promote photo-generated electron diffusing for HER, the O v induced by Ni2+ can decrease OER energy barrier and promote hole-related species transportation for OER, the LaNiO 3 /CdS heterojunction with appropriate potential gradient can improve carrier efficiency, and the hollow core–shell structure can increase active sites and solar efficiency. Furthermore, the quickly carrier diffusion can inhibit photocorrosion and hollow spherical structure can increase photocatalytic stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The use of NIR-II light allows for the spatiotemporal control of nanomedicine delivery. • Encapsulating WS 2 QDs in gold nanocapsules to avoid unwanted direct catalytic reactions. • Real-time monitoring of treatment outcomes provides validation of efficacy and enables individualized treatment. There is a long-standing lack of monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. Imaging-guided dynamic monitoring of neurological disease treatment can provide a basis for sustained treatment, reflecting the outcomes of treatment and guiding the adjustment of therapy strategies. Here, by ingeniously using a second near-infrared (NIR-II) laser twice in tandem, we designed an AD theranostic nanoplatform with real-time monitoring of AD therapeutic outcomes. Upon first being irradiated with a 1064 nm laser, it realizes the light-controlled delivery of nanoparticles for valid antioxidant therapy. Notably, with secondary irradiation, the presence of AβO and Ca2+ triggered the DNA nanomachine, causing the fluorescent signal to recover. Using a two-step series switch based on thermodynamics, the platform can not only differentiate AD mice from wild-type mice but also provide guidance for the treatment of AD via monitoring the degree of intracellular calcium overload in the brain. Results suggest that the degree of calcium overload is negatively correlated with treatment outcome and can be used as a prognostic indicator for precision medicine. This method provides an image-based non-invasive strategy for early prognosis prediction of AD treatment, which is helpful for future precision medicine treatment planning and prognosis stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The hierarchical M-ZCOH/NPG/NF heterostructures were successfully constructed. • The BIEF in the heterointerface enhanced electronic/ionic transport dynamics. • A high capacity reaching ∼1247.1C g−1 (∼2771.3 F g−1) at 1 A g−1 was obtained. • The HSC displayed ultrahigh energy density of ∼78.3 Wh kg−1 at ∼800 W kg−1. The superior electronic/ionic transport dynamics of electrode materials have been crucial to achieve appealing high performance for supercapacitors. Herein, a fascinating one-dimensional (1D) zinc cobalt hydroxide nanobelts/0D irregular manganese dioxide nanoparticles (M-ZCOH) have been vertically loaded into the 3D Ni foam (NF) substrate wrapped by nitrogen-doped graphene (NPG) (M-ZCOH/NPG/NF) for supercapacitors. The ingeniously designed M-ZCOH/NPG/NF composites feature powerful built-in electric field (BIEF) introduced by well-defined heterointerface with abundant oxygen vacancies defects. The formed electron accumulation triggering strong interfacial interaction verified by the differential charge density analysis may endow M-ZCOH/NPG/NF with the extra driving force to increase the diffusion/adsorption of electrolyte ions, thereby facilitating electron/ion transfer kinetics. Also, the qualitative negative shift of the d band center for M-ZCOH composites further evidences a lower electron/ion transfer barrier compared with the monomers. Obviously, the penetrating understanding of heterointerface on the improved properties is manifestly interpreted by combining theoretical and experimental analysis. Moreover, the ingenious strategy of engineering the heterointerfaces in unique heterostructure with rich defects may provide a new prospect for optimizing other advanced materials in sustainable energy storage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A nanocomposite aerogel (MPVA) was fabricated for the first time. • MPVA exhibited ultrafast kinetics for Au(III) (only 10 min to reach equilibrium). • MPVA exhibited remarkable selectivity towards Au(III). • MPVA displayed excellent removal efficiencies (>99.9%) for Au(III) at 273 K. The scarcity and economic importance of gold has motivated the researchers to develop novel and efficient adsorbents to the increase of recycling from secondary waste streams. In this work, the three-dimensional (3D) Ti 3 C 2 MXene-POSS/V 2 O 3 @C aerogel (MPVA) with orderly network structure was fabricated by the interfacial assembly of MXene and freezing-induced preassembly. The new MPVA hybrid exhibited ultrafast kinetics (only 10 min to reach equilibrium), selectivity, and excellent trapping capacity for Au(III), owing to the reductive capture mechanism. The Langmuir model was used to describe the capture of Au(III) delivered by MPVA, achieving the maximum capture capacity of 1425.4 mg g−1 at 298 K. Moreover, MPVA displayed extremely high trapping efficiency (>99.9%) at 273 K, which suggests that this composite is promising for capturing Au(III) in cold temperatures. MPVA also shows good reusability after ten cycles. The results indicate that MPVA has great potential for efficient capturing from complex and cold aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]