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Despite excellent ductility and dimension stability, the relatively low mechanical strength and stiffness of PA612 extremely restrict its engineering applications. We herein have demonstrated the fabrication of high-performance PA612 composites combining superior mechanical and abrasion resistance properties by choosing two dimensional alumina platelets with a relatively low aspect ratio (∼35). Infrared spectra show that Al 2 O 3 forms strong hydrogen-bond interactions with PA612. Tensile results demonstrate that adding 30 wt% of Al 2 O 3 platelets increases the tensile strength and elastic modulus of PA612 by 55% (∼73 MPa) and 128% (∼3.38 GPa), respectively. In addition, the specific wear rate is reduced by about 61%. Such remarkable improvements in mechanical and abrasion resistance properties are mainly due to the high strength and stiffness of alumina platelets and the strong interfacial interactions with the PA612 matrix. This work offers one new methodology for creating advanced polymer composites by choosing suitable building blocks and by regulating the interfacial interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]