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[Display omitted] • Synergistic hydrogen bonding in the quaternary system hydrogel improves bio-adhesion by significantly enhancing cohesion. • The drug-loaded hydrogel patch significantly enhances the biological adhesion and is more suitable for transdermal drug delivery system. • The hydrogel has excellent stability, flexibility, and high drug release. • Polydopamine affects drug release by altering polymer chain-drug interaction and polymer chain relaxation. Low adhesion to skin remains a significant challenge for most hydrogel based transdermal drug delivery systems. Meanwhile, most of the methods to improve bio-adhesion often ignore the effect of the cohesion. Inspired by the adhesion mechanism of natural mussels and the synergistic balance theory based on cohesion and adhesion, we designed a poly (acrylamide- co -hydroxyethyl acrylate)-polydopamine-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PAHDP) quaternary composite hydrogel to enhance the cohesion and adhesion through the synergistic effect of multiple hydrogen bonds to achieve strong bio-adhesion to skin. The structure of PAHDP was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, SEM and TGA. The peeling adhesion force of PAHDP on porcine skin was improved by 9-fold compared with PAH hydrogel. At the same time, the adhesion force of drug-loaded PAHDP was 1.3 times that of Voltaren® EX. The rheological test further demonstrated that the synergistic hydrogen bonding can significantly improve the PAHDP cohesion. In addition, in vitro release, skin permeation and pharmacokinetics test of PAHDP hydrogel containing diclofenac sodium (DIC) showed that monomer dopamine (DA) could promote drug release. FTIR and molecular modeling were utilized to further demonstrate the enhanced drug release mechanism of DA. MTT assay, H&E staining and skin erythema analysis demonstrated that PAHDP was non-irritant to the skin. In conclusion, the innovatively prepared PAHDP hydrogel exhibits high skin adhesion, excellent mechanical properties, non-irritation and high drug release ability. This study also provides a simple and efficient strategy and theoretical basis for the preparation of high adhesion and high drug release hydrogels for transdermal drug delivery system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• PCM co-loaded with IR825 and CuFeOx (CuFeOx/IR825@PCM) were constructed for antibacterial therapy. • PCM improved the stability of IR825 and CuFeOx. • CuFeOx/IR825@PCM could self-supply H 2 O 2 and consume GSH in acid microenvironment under laser irradiation. • Enhanced chemodynamic therapy was achieved by CuFeOx/IR825@PCM. • CuFeOx/IR825@PCM achieved synergistic PTT/CDT antibacterial therapy. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) based on nanozyme has attracted extensive attention in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the catalytic activity of nanozymes and the infection microenvironments severely limit CDT antibacterial efficacy. Herein, a near-infrared-controlled antibacterial nanoplatform (CuFeO x /IR825@PCM) is developed by encapsulating Cu-Fe peroxide nanoparticles (CuFeO x) and the photothermal agents (IR825) in the thermal-sensitive organic phase change material (PCM). The unique wax sealing property of PCM helps to improve the stability of CuFeO x. After administration, the hyperthermia effect induced by IR825 under near infrared (NIR) irradiation would induce the melting of PCM shell and rapidly release the CuFeO x. In response to the lower pH in the inflammatory microenvironment, CuFeO x nanoparticles (NPs) would be further decomposed to release a large amount of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), which makes up for the deficiency of limited endogenous H 2 O 2 and improves the performance of CDT. In addition, the low pH of bacterial infection microenvironment resulted in the decomposition of CuFeO x to generate a large amount of Cu2+/Cu+, Fe3+/Fe2+ and H 2 O 2. The released Cu2+ and Fe3+ were reduced to Cu+ and Fe2+ by endogenous glutathione (GSH), thus depleting the GSH. With the help of combination therapy of photothermal therapy (PTT) and CDT, in vivo and in vitro experiments proved that CuFeO x /IR825@PCM could effectively destroy the bacterial structure and induce bacterial inactivation with ignored side toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel croconic acid-julolidine molecule (Cro-Jul) with broad NIR-II absorption was designed. • NIR-II optical properties of Cro-Jul was analyzed by systematically molecular theoretical calculation. • A coordination bond between Qu and Fe(III) was created to form a Fe(III)-Qu complex for better therapeutic effect. • The released Qu effectively suppresses HSP70 expression during MPTT progress. • The liberated Fe(III) can induce ferroptosis and CDT in tumor cells, ultimately enhancing apoptosis. The development of non-invasive mild photothermal therapy (MPTT) in combating oropharyngeal carcinoma (OC) can bring safe and effective for patients, and keep maximum preservation of oral function. In this study, we successfully synthesized a novel croconic acid-julolidine molecule (Cro-Jul) with broad absorption in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 900–1700 nm) region, which is accompanied with high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and controllable photothermal capacity. By systematically molecular theoretical calculation, the NIR-II optical properties of Cro-Jul and its photothermal conversion mechanism were analyzed. Besides, a coordination bond between quercetin (Qu) and Fe(III) was created to form a Fe(III)-Qu complex that not only can enhance MPTT by reducing heat shock proteins (HSPs) expression but also can introduce ferroptosis/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) for better therapeutic effect. By incorporating Cro-Jul and Fe(III)-Qu with DSPE-PEG 2000 , the multifunctional Fe(III)-Qu/CJ nanosystem was formed with an impressive PCE of 48.96 % under 980 nm irradiation, and the released Qu from the nanosystem effectively suppresses HSP70 expression during MPTT progress. Concurrently, liberated Fe(III) from the nanosystem interacts with intracellular glutathione and H 2 O 2 , inducing ferroptosis and CDT in tumor cells, ultimately enhancing apoptosis. Consequently, this study introduces a novel organic Cro-Jul molecule with Fe(III)-Qu nanosystem that combines ferroptosis, CDT, and NIR-II MPTT guided by photoacoustic imaging, offering significant potential for future clinical applications in OC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A therapeutic nanoagent with NO and H 2 S programmed gases release was synthesized. • NO gas and photothermal combined therapy could effectively remove pathogens and its biofilm. • The H 2 S gas released from nanoagents could promote angiogenesis and relieve excessive inflammation in diabetic wound. The treatment of diabetic infected wound still faces severe challenges, including drug-resistant bacterial infections, exaggerated inflammatory reactions, and dysangiogenesis. To address these issues, a programmed gas release nanoparticle (PB-SNP@SiO 2 , PSS NPs) were developed to effectively remove drug-resistant pathogens and remodel the microenvironment of diabetic wounds using NO and H 2 S, respectively. During hydrothermal synthesis, NO donor (sodium nitroprusside) was doped into Prussian blue (PB) NPs. Then bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]tetrasulfid as glutathione (GSH)-responsive H 2 S donor was incorporated into the silica outer layer of the PB NPs for anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenesis applications. After receiving PSS NPs treatment, the bacteria and even bacterial biofilm could be effectively eliminated by using NO/photothermal combined antibacterial therapy upon irradiated with 808 nm laser. Simultaneously, under the triggering of endogenous GSH, the H 2 S gas released from PSS NPs could ameliorate the detrimental diabetic wound microenvironment by inhibiting the excessive inflammatory response (e.g. , inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and promoting the transformation of M1 type into M2 type macrophage) and facilitating revascularization, further expediting wounds healing. Using this gas-programmed release strategies, different therapeutic gases can be release precisely for diabetic treatment, which provides a novel reference for gases combined therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Integration of the advantages with multiple therapeutic approaches to a single nano-medicine. • Enhanced blood–brain barrier penetration by bacterial outer membrane vesicles camouflage. • Augmented chemodynamic therapy by photothermal effect and H 2 O 2 supplement. • Controlled drug release by photothermal/pH in the tumor environment. • Reversing the thermotolerance of cancer cells by GOx induced down-regulation of heat shock protein. Innovative therapeutic strategy and effective drug delivery are significant challenges in current glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy. The development of efficient combination therapy based on chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has attracted widespread attention in recent years. Herein, a lipopolysaccharide-free bacterial outer membrane vesicles (dOMV) camouflaged biomimetic nanoreactor was constructed for quadruple synergistic therapy of orthotopic GBM. Benefiting from the immune escaping property and blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration capacity of dOMV, nanoreactors can target cancer cells and accumulate in the tumor site. Firstly, for quadruple synergistic therapy, Glucose oxidase (GOx) can rapidly consume intratumoral glucose to generate H 2 O 2 and gluconic acid for starvation therapy. Secondly, the abundant H 2 O 2 produced by the enzyme-catalyzed reaction can continuously supply Cu 9 S 8 -mediated Fenton-like reaction to enhance CDT. Meanwhile, tumor hypoxic microenvironment exacerbated by GOx-induced oxygen depletion activated prodrug AQ4N for chemotherapy. Finally, the second near-infrared (NIR-II) absorbed Cu 9 S 8 increased the temperature in local tumor site upon NIR-II laser irradiation, which can achieve photothermal-enhanced CDT, elevate GOx activity, and accelerate drug release. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that the camouflaging multifunctional nanoparticles with bacterial outer membrane (AG@Cu 9 S 8 @dOMV) was a promising multifunctional therapeutic nanomedicine platform for highly efficient treatment of GBM, which may be extended to as a treatment option for clinical cancer theranostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Respirometry was suitable for the nitrification inhibition assessment. • Fenton and ozone oxidation showed excellent performance for nitrification detoxication. • NH 3 -N was effectively removed by integrating advanced oxidation process and biodegradation. • Compounds with hydrophobicity, large molecule, and aromatic/unsaturated structures may cause inhibition. Abstract The excess emission of ammonia nitrogen is a common issue encountered by many industry wastewater treatment plants, due to the elevated concentrations and toxicities of compounds released from a large number of industries which might inhibit the growth of nitrifying bacteria. In this work, we are aiming at addressing the above issue raised by an industry wastewater treatment plant and elucidating the nitrification inhibitory mechanisms. A straight-forward and reliable method i.e., respirometry, was developed for the characterisation of nitrification inhibition. The pretreatment methods of Fenton and ozone oxidations and iron carbon micro electrolysis have been attempted to reduce the nitrification inhibition and the former two turned out to be effective. The nitrification inhibition rate (NIR) of the wastewater after Fenton oxidation was reduced from 87% to 13.6% with the optimized condition (pH = 3.0, H 2 O 2 dosage of 14.7 mM, Fe2+ dosage of 4.90 mM, and reaction time of 20 min). The optimal parameters for ozonation were: pH = ∼8.2 (original pH of wastewater), reaction time of 25 min (equivalent to an ozone dosage of 381 mg/L), under which the NIR was declined to 12.7%. The nitrification inhibition might be attributed to the presence of compounds with hydrophobic properties, high molecular weight, and aromatic and unsaturated structures in industry wastewater. The coupling use of Fenton-SBR and ozone-SBR achieved NH 3 -N removal efficiency of 98% and 93%, respectively. The effluent NH 3 -N finally met with the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (DB31/199-2009). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Reducing cholesterol concentration in the tumor microenvironment can enhance the function of CD8+T cells. • Cholesterol regulation can act as a new way for adjuvant immunotherapy. • The ICD within the tumor can be initiated upon external NIR exposure. • High levels of cholesterol can hinder the effect of immunotherapy on the tumor. Immunotherapy has drawn much attention in combatting tumors, but the immuno-suppress induced by the high cholesterol concentration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) dramatically hinders the therapeutic effect. Herein, to alter the local immune microenvironment further to promote the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy, we conduct a cholesterol-regulate nanoplatform (CPSA NPs) that is composed of simvastatin (SIM) packaged chlorin e6-polyethylene glycol (Ce6-PEG) and a targeting-antibody (anti-LDLR) modified on the surface. SIM, as the HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor, can significantly reduce cholesterol in TME, and unlock the suppression of CD8+ T cells. Ce6-induced PDT&PTT can evoke immunogenic cell death, releasing the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) during laser irradiation, promoting the anti-tumor immune response, and offering the system anti-tumor immune memory. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the CPSA NPs have effective tumor cell toxicity, cholesterol regulation effect, and immunity system evoking ability, which brings a new strategy toward immunosuppression from TME, and paves a new way for adjuvant immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The regulation of functional groups enable PDINH/GO enhanced photocatalytic properties. • Photoexcited bacterial capture enables PDINH/GO possess excellent antibacterial effect. • The capacity of PDINH/GO enhancing epidermal cells proliferation and migration for accelerating infected wound healing. N -type organic semiconductor perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide (PDINH) are well-investigated photocatalyst. However, the photocatalytic potential for antibacterial therapy has been underexplored owing to the insufficient light absorption and rapid recombination of light-induced carriers. Herein, functional group-regulated is introduced by recrystallizing PDINH on the surface of GO in situ , endowing the PDINH/GO with enhanced photocatalytic properties, which harvest light energy across the full spectrum form ultraviolet to near-infrared. Simultaneously, the enhanced photogenerated carriers can activate Lewis base of GO to form an amide bond on the interface between bacteria and material, exhibiting high-efficient and steady bacteria trap. Compared with PDINH, both in vitro and in vivo all demonstrated PDINH/GO possess excellent antibacterial effect. In addition, as a non-metallic semiconductor, PDINH/GO shows capacity of enhancing epidermal cells proliferation and migration, resulting in successful infectious wound regeneration in mice and the side effects in vivo are negligible. Such the integration of wide-spectrum response, high efficiency of carrier separation, intentional bacterial capture and accelerated would healing of PDINH/GO not only enables an effective antibacterial therapy but also contributes to a successful example to activate nanomaterials by regulation of functional groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]