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[Display omitted] • Intrinsically stretchable and conductive ionogels are leveraged to create ion-conductive silk yarns (i-SYs) tailored for e-textile applications. • Aesthetically refined i-SYs can be customarily prepared on a scalable basis. • i-SY e-textiles are used for exercise posture correction. Electronic textiles (e-textiles), which combine the comfort of textiles with the functionality of soft electronics, have attracted much attention in wearable applications. However, scale-up fabrication of stretchable textiles with concurrent high stability and aesthetic appeal features poses significant challenges. Here, we report a scalable and customizable dip-coating strategy for the preparation of multiple-colored and functionally stable ionic conductive silk yarns (i-SY) and demonstrate their effectiveness in exercise posture correction. The i-SY preserves the inherent properties of silk fibers and ionic liquids, exhibiting improved mechanical properties, weaving capabilities, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity. The method leverages the exceptional transparency of ionic liquids, facilitating the large-scale production of colored i-SYs to meet aesthetic demands. Additionally, the i-SY sensor exhibits exemplary sensing sensitivity and stability, enabling the real-time monitoring of human joint movements and facilitating precise posture correction during fitness exercises. We envision that the proposed sensing textile holds promise for applications in wearable devices, healthcare monitoring, and human–machine interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traces of high conductivity elements Se and Te are doped in two-dimensional SPAN nanosheets (NS) by co-heating method. The synergistic effect of elements doping and nanoscale modulation enhances the conductivity of SPAN while affording a larger contact area with the electrolyte and shortening the electron/ion transport path. Both the energy barrier for redox reaction and polarization for battery are decreased. [Display omitted] • Traces of high conductivity elements Se and Te are doped in SPAN nanosheets. • Elements doping and nanoscale modulation synergistically enhance SPAN conductivity. • Both energy barrier for redox reaction and battery polarization are decreased. "Solid-solid" conversion mechanism of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) could eliminate the "shuttle effect" of polysulfides intermediate in Li S batteries, but it leads to poor redox reaction kinetics. Herein, traces of high conductivity elements Se and Te are doped in two-dimensional SPAN nanosheets (NS) by co-heating method. This synergistic effect enhances the conductivity of SPAN while affording a larger contact area with the electrolyte and shortening the electron/ion transport path. As a result, both the energy barrier for redox reaction and polarization for battery are decreased. At a high current density of 3 A g−1, Te 0.052 S 0.948 PAN NS and Se 0.071 S 0.929 PAN NS exhibit significantly enhanced discharge capacities of 485 mA h g−1 composite and 457 mA h g−1 composite , respectively, while SPAN nanoparticles (NP) only delivers a capacity of 417 mA h g−1 composite. At 0.2 A g−1 current density, the capacity retention rates of Te 0.052 S 0.948 PAN NS and Se 0.071 S 0.929 PAN NS are 92.20 % and 56.10 % after 200 cycles, respectively, both higher than the 40.10 % of SPAN NP. When the loading amount is further increased, Te 0.052 S 0.948 PAN NS and Se 0.071 S 0.929 PAN NS still maintain excellent electrochemical performance. In-situ Raman and XPS analysis confirms the reversible breaking and formation of C S/S S bonds during the first cycle. Additionally, XPS and SEM analysis after 100 cycles demonstrate the stable nanostructure and molecular structure of Se 0.071 S 0.929 PAN NS and Te 0.052 S 0.948 PAN NS throughout the cycling process. These results herald a new approach to high redox kinetics of SPAN by the synergistic effect of elements doping and nanoscale modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This work meticulously details strategies for enhancing CO 2 mass transport in eCO 2 RR. • A comprehensive discussion on the effects of electrode are provided. • Effects of electrolyzer designs and electrolysis conditions are also discussed. • Potential solutions for CO 2 mass transfer in eCO 2 RR industrialization are summarized. The imperative to address climate change and CO 2 emissions has elicited substantial interest in the field of electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (eCO 2 RR) as an avenue to both environmental sustainability and the production of value-added fuels. However, the selectivity and efficiency of eCO 2 RR remain below the industrial requirement for its implementation at high current density. One pivotal strategy to ameliorate this deficiency involves augmenting the mass transport of CO 2 to electrode, thereby alleviating the competing hydrogen evolution reaction and consequently enhancing eCO 2 RR performance. Herein, we primarily discuss the CO 2 mass transport enhancement strategies through electrode and electrolyzer designs, as well as electrolysis conditions. The electrode designs are first presented, including wettability regulation, porous substrates construction, catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer designs. Then, we highlight state-of-the-art electrolyzer designs, including the bipolar membrane structure, interdigitated flow field and in-situ exsolution of CO 2 structure. The electrolyzer based gas–liquid Taylor flow is also introduced. Following this, we delve into the impact of various electrolysis conditions, encompassing the electrolyte, electrolysis potentials, CO 2 pressure, CO 2 flow rate and reaction temperature. Finally, we conclude this review by delineating persisting challenges and potential solutions aimed at advancing CO 2 mass transport for the industrial implementation of eCO 2 RR technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A photothermal catalytic microstructure reactor with multi-layer core–shell structure (Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @TiO 2 -Cu x O, abbreviated as FS@TC) with full spectral absorption. [Display omitted] • Preparation of a multi-shell photocatalyst for the complete photothermal conversion. • Loading of Cu x O promoted heat-assisted photocatalytic CO 2 into CO and CH 4. • A device was constructed for changing the incident light energy flow density. • The kinetics of the reaction was evaluated according to Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. • Photocatalytic mechanism in FS@TC-1 was studied in detail. The synergistic effect of intrinsic photoelectrons and thermal effects, provided by intermediate- and long-wave solar energy, is considered as the linchpin in enhancing photo-thermal catalytic CO 2 reduction performance. Recently, photocatalysts possessing photothermal conversion capabilities and photocatalytic systems with adjustable incident light energy flow density have garnered significant attention. The strong condensing property of the Fresnel lens was adopted in increasing the density of incident photoelectrons simultaneously, and raising the surface temperature of the photocatalyst significantly without an external heat source. A novel core–shell photocatalyst with the photothermal conversion effect was fabricated, consisting of amorphous TiO 2 and Cu x O active species on Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 core. Under optimal incident energy flux density of 3200 mW cm−2, the photocatalyst was able to reduce CO 2 to CO and CH 4 with the production rate of 361.39 and 70.84 μmol g−1h−1, and the solar conversion efficiency reached 1.43 %. Furthermore, a simple reaction kinetic optimization based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood model well simulated the photothermal coupling effect under different incident energy flux densities. This work demonstrates an innovative technology for the full-spectrum utilization of photocatalysts and synergistic photothermal coupling catalysis. It proposes a future development scenario for the new field of efficient solar catalytic conversion to produce solar fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A NaNO 2 -promoted MgO for CO 2 capture was prepared and characterized. • Doped NaNO 2 induced significant quantities of hydroxide sites and carbonate species. • These desirable features facilitated surface chemisorption processes. • The surface chemisorption process was not dependent on temperature. Alkali metal nitrate-/nitrite-promoted MgO sorbents are promising candidates for intermediate-temperature (200–500 °C) CO 2 capture. However, the structure-performance relationship and kinetic characteristics of NaNO 2 -promoted MgO remain unclear. Here the effects of physical-chemical properties on the CO 2 sorption performance of NaNO 2 -promoted MgO and the sorption kinetics were comprehensively studied to elucidate the detailed role of NaNO 2. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N 2 adsorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sorption kinetics were obtained by isothermal thermogravimetry and elucidated using a double exponential model. Compared with pure MgO and NaNO 3 -promoted MgO, NaNO 2 -modified MgO had a lower initial sorption temperature and a unique bimodal sorption characteristic. Characterization results revealed that such bimodal sorption was due to the presence of double promoters (mixture of NaNO 2 and NaNO 3) which implies that some of the nitrite was oxidized to nitrate during the preparation process. Deposition of double promoters further reduced the amounts of hydroxide and carbonate species for pure MgO while still preserving more hydroxide and carbonate species on the surface as compared with NaNO 3 -promoted MgO. The kinetics analysis demonstrated that the double exponential model can describe the sorption process well for both NaNO 3 - and NaNO 2 -promoted MgO, suggesting that the entire sorption occurs as a double process (surface chemisorption and product layer diffusion). Significant differences were seen from NaNO 3 -promoted MgO, and the surface chemisorption process of NaNO 2 -promoted MgO was independent of temperature, which suggests that an increased presence of hydroxide and carbonate species provides more active sites for greatly facilitating surface chemisorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Catalytic calcium-looping gasification of biochar was demonstrated. • The integration can realize the effective capture and in situ conversion of CO 2. • The decarbonation kinetics, CO yield and conversion stability were all improved. • The C-assisted CO 2 preferable dissociation occurred on the K-doped CaO surface. • This simple, cheap and energy-efficient process allows large scale application. Capture and conversion of CO 2 from optimal-scenarios into fuels or chemicals provide a viable solution to combat climate change in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate that synergistic integration (Catalytic calcium-looping (CaL) gasification of biochar) can realize the capture and in situ conversion of CO 2. Thermodynamic and kinetic estimations, catalytic conversion and cyclic tests and microstructure characterizations showed that by using a mixture of limestone and K 2 CO 3 -impregnated biochar, calcination fully coupled with the reverse Boudouard reaction can shift thermodynamic equilibrium and simultaneously induce the synergetic catalysis between CaCO 3 and K 2 CO 3 , allowing for accelerating decarbonation kinetics, enhancing CO yield and maintaining stable cyclic CO 2 conversion at lower temperatures (850 °C), as compared to the individual CaL and gasification processes. Theoretical calculations further revealed that the activation energy barriers for the monatomic C-assisted CO 2 dissociation were lower than its desorption energy for CO 2 on the K-doped CaO surface, demonstrating superior conversion reactivity. Importantly, the process is demonstrated in terms of practical scalability using a renewable and cost-effective reductant (biochar), a cheap catalyst (K 2 CO 3) and inexpensive natural CO 2 sorbents (limestone and dolomite) in an energy-efficient manner, therefore opening a unique direction for net-negative emission for large CO 2 stationary sources eliminating the need for sequestration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Freestanding Al-NVO@CC cathodes were controllably synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction. • The interlayer spacing of NVO was adjusted through the intercalation of Al3+. • The optimized Al-NVO@CC cathodes presented excellent electrochemical properties. • The high reversibility of Zn2+ insertion/extraction in Al-NVO@CC is demonstrated by ex-situ XRD, XPS, and TEM. Ammonium vanadium bronze (NH 4 V 4 O 10) with open crystal structures and superior theoretical capacity is promising cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, the sluggish intrinsic ion/electron kinetics and unsatisfied structural stability remain bottlenecks that limit their further development. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of Al+-intercalated NH 4 V 4 O 10 nanosheet grown on carbon cloth (Al-NVO@CC) via a one-step hydrothermal reaction. The expanded lattice spacing of the synthesized Al-NVO@CC not only facilitates the Zn2+ ion intercalation/deintercalation but also improves the electrochemical stability in AZIBs. As a result, the cathode shows high reversible capacity (475.8 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1), superior long-term cyclability (152.8 mA h g-1 over 2500 cycles at 5.0 A g-1), as well as excellent rate performance. Moreover, the zinc storage process of Al-NVO@CC and underlying mechanism of the enhanced performance are revealed by ex-situ X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses. This study provides a reasonable strategy to promote V-based nanomaterials on CC for the development of AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Salinity inhibited denitrification-dependent aromatic degradation. • Ammonia assimilation and aromatics degradation coexisted at 3% salinity. • N 2 O rather than N 2 production was promoted at elevated salinities. • Ethanol occurred, produced by compatible solutes at salinity of 3%. • Ammonia increased due to proteolysis via Truepera. Denitrification-dependent aromatics anaerobic degradation in saline environments have been unsuspected recently. In this study, the elevated salinity inhibition on denitrification-dependent degradation of aromatic compounds was investigated in an up-flow anaerobic fixed bed (UAFB) reactor, microbiota associated with aromatics and nitrogen conversion, and osmoregulation triggered by different salinities were also deciphered. Results showed that increasing salinity from 0% to 3% significantly limited the removal of organics and nitrate, decreasing from 72.47% to 72.20%, 25.14%, and 19.80%, respectively. The gene abundance of nirB decreased from 0.011 to 0.015% to 0.003–0.005%, inhibiting the nitrate reduction process under salt stress. Methane yield also significantly declined from 27.33 to 58.18% to 1.19–2.85%, which was attributed to acetate accumulation and increased ammonia concentration under salt stress. And the enriched genera Pelotomaculum , candidate_division_Zixibacteria , Syntrophus , Mesotoga , and candidate_division_Hyd24-12 under salt stress were involved in the salinity inhibition on methanogenesis. Increasing salinity facilitated the osmoregulation capacity of compatible solutes, and glutamate, and trehalose were dominant at 3% salinity, accompanied by Na+/K+ expulsion. It provided a deeper understanding of the simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen under saline stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The denitrifying sulfide removal microbial fuel cell (MFC) provided an approach for treatment of wastewater containing both sulfide and nitrogenous compounds, but the production of sulfate and nitrite need to be prevented. The interactive effect of electrode potential on sulfide and nitrate conversion was investigated using potentiostatic three-chamber MFC. Both abiotic and biotic processes involved in anodic sulfate formation. Rising anode potential led to an increase of sulfide removal rate and a decrease of sulfur formation percent. The suitable anode potential favoring both sulfide removal and sulfur recovery ranged from −188 mV to −146 mV. The nitrate removal rate and gaseous nitrogen formation percent showed an increase followed by a decrease along with the rise of cathode potential. The suitable cathode potential favoring both nitrate removal and gaseous nitrogen formation ranged from −181 mV to −125 mV. Regulating cathode potential through varying the external resistance was feasible, achieving the optimal sulfur formation percent (32.4 ± 1.9%) and gaseous nitrogen formation percent (92.5 ± 0.3%) at a cathode potential of −139 ± 37 mV. The potentiostatic three-chamber MFC is a suitable configuration for investigating the effect of electrode potential on pollutant conversion because its uncontrolled electrode could simulate the electron driving force situation occurring in a MFC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CuNi/CeO 2 exhibits different product selectivities in thermal and photothermal catalytic reactions. • The nonthermal effect of visible light helps to change the chemical reaction pathway. • The plasmon effect of Cu generates hot electrons to transfer to Ni for CO 2 further hydrogenation reaction. • Visible light facilitated the splitting of H 2 which is beneficial to the increase of adsorption sites. Solar-assisted photothermal catalysis is a fascinated picture of chemical and energy conversion. However, it is difficult to distinguish the nonthermal effects due to the thermal and nonthermal tend to exhibit similar experimental results. Here, we reported that the CuNi alloy deposited CeO 2 (CuNi/CeO 2) with visible light excited carriers at the interface can promote CO 2 reduction in the photothermal catalysis. Impressively, the CuNi/CeO 2 exhibit different product selectivities in the dark and visible light reactions, especially the light promoted the further hydrogenation to CH 4 conversion. Detailed experiments reveal that the hot electron transfer between plasmon metal Cu and metal Ni under visible light excitation alters the pathway of thermal reduction while increasing surface hydroxyl and oxygen vacancies as CO 2 trapping sites. The excessive H 2 activation under visible irradiation induces the deep reduction of CO 2 to CH 4 , instead of reverse water gas shift. Combining with in-situ DRIFTS, quasi-situ EPR, H 2 pulse and DFT calculations, the nonthermal effects of CO 2 reduction is proposed over CuNi/CeO 2 with electrons transfer between Cu and Ni nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Na/La 2 O 3 achieved the highest glycerol conversion and glycerol carbonate yield. • Alkali metal is superior to alkali earth metal as dopant to La 2 O 3. • Ionic radius and valence state of alkali and alkaline metal are determining factors. • Surface basic site density is not proportional to the catalytic activity. Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals have been used to promote the catalytic performance of metal oxides in transesterification of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate, however, the promotional roles of the dopants in influencing the catalytic performance of the metal oxides have not been fully investigated which hinder the development of low-cost and high-efficiency catalysts in transesterification of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. This paper, for the first time, systematically studied the influence of ionic radius and valence state of dopants, surface concentration of dopants and the basicity of the catalysts on the catalytic performance of La 2 O 3 in transesterification of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. Our results suggest that the ionic radius and valence state of the dopants are the determining factors, while the basic site density is not a crucial factor, although the basicity of catalyst surface is important in activating glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. Among alkali and alkaline earth metals, 25 mol% Na/La 2 O 3 catalyst achieved the highest glycerol conversion (85 %) and glycerol carbonate yield (60 %) in the 70 °C and 2-hour reaction. After the detailed investigation, a plausible mechanism of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate transesterification on Na/La 2 O 3 catalyst has been proposed. This research could help understand the promotional role of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and the results may guide future design of metal oxide catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel graphene/carbon nanotube (GN-CNT) hybrid was synthesized by thermal pyrolysis of urea on the surface of graphene at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on yield of carbon nanotubes and electrochemical properties of the GN-CNT hybrid were investigated carefully. The production rate of pyrolysis gas was increased as temperature rising. The GN-CNT hybrid reached the largest surface area and the generation of a mass of pores at the pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C due to the carbon nanotubes cracking during pyrolysis at 1000 °C. The properties of favorable 3D architecture, the generation of a mass of pores during the release of carbon nitride gases and outstanding mechanical flexibility, showed pronounced effects on the fast and steady transfer of electrons and sodium-ion. Consequently, the GN-CNT hybrid pyrolysized at 900 °C exhibit a very high reversible capacity of up to 269.14 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 300 mA g −1 . Even up to 5 A g −1 , a rate capacity of 195.37 mA h g −1 can be obtained after 700 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amino-functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were combined with ceramic membrane ultrafiltration (CUF) for the first time in adsorptive removal of Pb (II) from wastewater. Rapid synthesis (3 min) of the MOFs was achieved via a microwave-promoted method. The obtained MOFs exhibit a sphere-like morphology with an average diameter around 100 nm, and an X-ray diffraction pattern of UiO-66-NH 2 . Effects of trans-membrane pressure (TMP), cross-flow velocity (CFV), temperature and pH were investigated on the combined MOFs-CUF process. The results showed that the MOFs can be completely retained (100%) by the membrane with an average pore size of 50 nm. At TMP = 0.15 MPa, CFV = 4.0 m·s −1 and T = 35 °C, the process experienced the highest removal (61.4%) of Pb (II), and the lowest flux decline and lowest degree of membrane fouling. Moreover, the adsorption capacity at equilibrium was remarkably high (1795.3 mg·g −1 ). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the adsorption data (R 2 = 0.9997). The adsorption mechanisms of coordination interaction between amidogen (–NH 2 ) and Pb (II) were confirmed. The adsorbed Pb (II) can be effectively desorbed by controlling pH at 4.5 during 6 cycles. The effective membrane cleaning method was using 0.5% (w/w) ammonium citrate followed by 0.5% (w/w) HNO 3 solution and each cleaning for an hour at 18–50 °C, eventually the flux exhibits a recovery efficiency near 100%. Therefore, MOFs combined with ceramic membrane ultrafiltration have great potential in heavy metal wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Complete conversion of lignin model compounds is achieved via photocatalysis. • H 2 O acts as H donor and boosts the lignin model compound conversion to monomers. • C β -O cleaving reaction rate was significantly improved with assistance of H 2 O. • Photocatalytic selective C β -O cleavage leads to 90% selectivity of single aromatics. • Lignin biomass depolymerization to single aromatics can be driven by photocatalysis. Photocatalysis has proved its potential in cleaving the C β -O linkages between the natural aromatic units in lignin biomass and converting abundant lignin biomass to valuable aromatic monomer products. However, the slow reaction rate and low selectivity for aromatic monomers still hinder its future industrial implementation. To address these challenges in photocatalytic C β -O bond fragmentation, a Zn/S rich phase zinc indium sulfide photocatalyst was developed to promote hydrogenolysis of C β -O linkages in lignin. In this work, water is for the first time, used as the hydrogen donor and can significantly promote the photocatalytic process by eliminating the limitation of protons supply. The reaction selectivity for aromatic monomers increased by 170% and PP-ol conversion rate raised by 58% comparing to the reaction condition without water. Notably, complete conversion of lignin model compounds with an expectational improved reaction rate and over 90% selectivity for aromatic monomers have been achieved in this study. The isotopic labeling experiments and kinetic isotope effects (KIE) measurements also indicate that the dissociation of the O–H bond in water which provides protons to the C β -O bond hydrogenolysis process is a critical step to this reaction. Mechanistic studies reveal that the dehydrogenated radical intermediates are initially generated by the oxidation of photogenerated holes, and the protons generated from photocatalytic water splitting are superior in facilitating the subsequently hydrogenolysis process of C β -O bonds. This study provides a new and effective strategy to promote the cleavage of C β -O linkages and is helpful for the future development of photocatalytic lignin valorization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combined nitritation–anammox process has recently been studied extensively from an engineering perspective. However, the importance of microbial communities of this process was generally underestimated. In this study, a lab-scale nitritation–anammox sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was established and the microbial community structure was further characterized, in order to provide the comprehensive insight into the key microbial groups in one-stage nitritation–anammox system. In general, a total nitrogen removal rate of 0.18 g N g −1 VSS d −1 was obtained after 180 days when the nitrogen loading rate was 0.5 kg N m −3 d −1 (hydraulic retention time of 1 d). Flexible flocs and compact granules were both found in the system, and this morphological differences were basically caused by the different microbial compositions, that is, flocs mainly consisted of filamentous bacteria and granules dominated by anammox bacteria. Results from high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Proteobacteria , Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes were selected and established a stable foothold in the community over the startup period, probably driven by the availability of substrate in the influent. Apart from nitrifiers of the Proteobacteria and anammox bacteria of the Planctomycetes , members of Chloroflexi constitute a large portion (>25%), which indicate that heterotrophs ( Chloroflexi ) survived by soluble microbial products (SMP) of autotrophs should not be neglected in the autotrophic system. This study could be useful for better understanding of one-stage nitritation–anammox system, especially for the interaction between autotrophs and heterotrophs in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Disordered mesoporous KIT-1 with high surface area and pore volume was prepared. • It was used as a new catalyst support in glucose conversion to HMF. • Lewis (L-) acid sites were introduced into the silica framework by grafting of Sn. • B-acid sites were generated by inserting C into Sn/KIT-1 followed by mild oxidation. • At optimal conditions the Sn/KIT-1/C based catalyst achieved 78.4 ± 2.1% HMF yield. Catalytic transformation of carbohydrates to bio-chemicals such as 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has become a hot research topic, but development of cost-effective/efficient catalysts and processes remains a challenge for industrial application. In this study, efficient bifunctional Sn/KIT-1/C catalysts with controllable acid sites were synthesized and applied for glucose-to-HMF conversion. Strong Lewis acid sites were introduced into the framework of disordered mesoporous silica by liquid-phase grafting of tin chloride, and Bronsted acid sites were generated by inserting carbon into the mesopores, followed by controlled oxidation of the carbon. Characterizations revealed that optimizing the amount of carbon source, and carbonization and oxidation temperature provided a proper amount and strength of acidity that could significantly catalyze glucose dehydration reaction to HMF with suppressed byproducts formation. The best catalyst Sn/KIT-1/C(75–400-300) demonstrated superior catalytic performance at 175 °C for 2 h under THF/H 2 O biphasic system, obtaining 78.4 ± 2.1% and 82.9 ± 2.4% HMF yield and selectivity, respectively. The high activity may be attributed to catalyst high surface area/porosity, and the presence of well-balanced amounts and strength of Lewis/Bronsted acid sites. The catalyst could maintain its excellent catalytic activity for five consecutive runs, suggesting the high physical–chemical stability of the catalyst. The results obtained in this work demonstrated that bifunctional metal-supported silica–carbon composites can be a promising catalyst for simple/complex carbohydrates conversion to HMF/bio-based chemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The hybrid aqueous electrolyte improves zinc reversibility by hydrogen bond. • DOL-H 2 O hybrid electrolyte shows ionic conductivity of 30 mS cm−1. • The hybrid electrolyte broadens the hydrogen evolution potential. • The Zn/V 2 O 5 battery based on a hybrid electrolyte exhibits a superior cycling stability. • The hybrid electrolyte can help full cell work stably at −30 °C. Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries is a promising candidate for next generation batteries. However, the deposition and dissolution of zinc is unavoidably accompanied by irreversibility including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), dendritic growth and other issues, resulting in low Coulombic efficiency (CE). Here, we report a new aqueous electrolyte which reconstructs a new hydrogen-bond network by the interaction between 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and H 2 O molecular, thus expanding the hydrogen evolution potential by 0.197 V and maintaining high conductivity of 30 mS cm−1. The hybrid electrolyte enabled an unusual Zn/Zn2+ reversibility CE of 98.6% in Zn/Ti cell along with smooth zinc deposition over 300 cycles. Besides, the Zn/V 2 O 5 full cell could stably work during 1500 cycles with ~94% capacity retention. In addition, the assembled full cell exhibited a superior low-temperature performance over 300 cycles (average capacity: 131 mA h g−1) at −30 °C, which means the proposed electrolyte has been tested by severe cold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The hydration–dehydration technique was used to improve the cyclic performance of calcined natural limestone to make it highly suitable for carbonation/calcination looping. The modified CaO-based sorbents were tested for their cyclic carbonation behavior in a fixed bed reactor. Their morphology, pore structure and phase composition before and after carbonation/calcination cycles were determined by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and X-ray diffraction. The modified sorbents exhibited significantly higher CO2 uptake than the calcined limestone under the same experimental conditions. The characterization results indicated that this synthesis offered a new calcium oxide with less crystallinity, greater porosity and higher surface area, which was the main contributor to enhance the reactivity of modified sorbents. Moreover, after the spent sorbents modified with hydration–dehydration technique again, the sorbents recovered their cyclic activity, which was also confirmed by XRD spectrum, nitrogen physisorption analyses and SEM analyses. These results showed that, with periodic hydration–dehydration steps, CaO-based sorbents can be used for extended times in CO2 looping cycles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• A highly porous nano-agglomerate-like pure Li 4 SiO 4 was prepared. • A maximum uptake capacity of 35.0 wt% was obtained under low CO 2 concentrations. • A macroporous nano-sized Li 2 SiO 3 cover on the melt layer of Li 2 CO 3 was identified. • Simple and cost-effective mild combustion route allows large scale application. • The slow kinetics can be overcome simply by a controlled morphologies strategy. Lithium orthosilicate (Li 4 SiO 4) represents a potential class of high-temperature sorbents for CO 2 capture in power plants and sorption enhanced methane reforming to produce H 2. However, conventional wisdom suggests that pure Li 4 SiO 4 should have extremely slow sorption kinetics at realistic low CO 2 concentrations. Here, we report the opposite result: using a simple and cost-effective glucose-based mild combustion procedure, an unusually efficient and pure form of Li 4 SiO 4 (MC-0.6) was synthesized to achieve a maximum uptake capacity of 35.0 wt% at 580 °C for CO 2 concentrations under 15 vol% and maintained this capacity over multiple cycles. The characterization results showed that highly porous nano-agglomerate-like (50–100 nm) morphologies were apparent and ensured a rapid surface-sorption of CO 2. In this process, a macroporous nano-sized Li 2 SiO 3 cover on the melt layer of Li 2 CO 3 was identified for the first time. This special structure appeared to accelerate the transportation of CO 2 and the diffusion of Li+ and O2− through a molten layer enhancing contact with CO 2. Thus, the sample MC-0.6 reduced both the surface-sorption and diffusion kinetics dependence on low CO 2 concentrations. Rather than use traditional approaches (controlled morphologies combined with doping), we have demonstrated that the slow kinetics can be overcome simply by a controlled morphologies strategy, which opens up a new direction for the synthesis of high-performance Li 4 SiO 4 sorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

10–20 nm-sized N-doped Nb 2 O 5 nanorods with superior catalytic activity for hydrogen storage in MgH 2 was successfully prepared by a novel graphene-induced nucleation and growth process. • A novel graphene-guided formation of N-doped Nb 2 O 5 nanorods is reported. • 10–20 nm-sized N-doped Nb 2 O 5 nanorods are successfully obtained. • The N-Nb 2 O 5 @C-catalyzed MgH 2 starts releasing H 2 from 170 °C. • The N-Nb 2 O 5 @C-catalyzed Mg absorbs 6.0 wt% H 2 at 25 °C and 50 bar H 2. • A synergistic catalytic effect from graphene and NbN 0.9 O 0.1 is revealed. High operation temperatures and slow kinetics remain big challenges for using magnesium (Mg) as a practical hydrogen storage medium. In this work, a novel graphene-guided nucleation and growth process was developed for the preparation of N-doped Nb 2 O 5 nanorods that enable remarkably improved hydrogen storage properties of MgH 2. The nanorods were measured to be 10–20 nm in diameter. MgH 2 doped with 10 wt% of the nanorods released 6.2 wt% H 2 from 170 °C, which is 130 °C lower than additive-free MgH 2 , thanks to a 40% reduction in the kinetic barriers. About 5.5 wt% of H 2 was desorbed in isothermal dehydrogenation test at 175 °C. Reloading of hydrogen was notably completed at 25 °C under 50 atm of hydrogen pressure, which has not been reported before. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate the extended bond lengths and weakened bond strengths of Mg-H or H-H when MgH 2 /H 2 adsorbs on the Nb-N-O/graphene model, consequently favouring lower operating temperatures and improved kinetics for hydrogen storage in MgH 2 catalyzed by the graphene-guided N-Nb 2 O 5 nanorods. Our findings provide useful insights in the design and preparation of high-performance catalysts of transition metals and rare metals for on-board hydrogen storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The sinterability and corrosion resistance of ZnCr 2 O 4 were enhanced by TiO 2. • The corrosion rate of ZnCr 2 O 4 -10 wt%TiO 2 was less than 0.016 cm/a. • The corrosion mechanism was revealed by experimental and theoretical analyses. • The ZnCr 2 O 4 -TiO 2 can be used as a novel sidewall material for electrolytic cell. ZnCr 2 O 4 is a corrosive-resistant spinel with potential as a sidewall material candidate for advanced carbon-free aluminum electrolysis. However, synergistic enhancement of sinterability and corrosion resistance of ZnCr 2 O 4 is still a challenge. To address this issue, ZnCr 2 O 4 bulks were sintered by using TiO 2 as additive, and their corrosion performance was evaluated in the electrolysis of NaF 19.69 -KF 25.84 -(AlF 3) 54.47 bath at 800 °C by both static and dynamic corrosion experiments. The results showed that the doped Ti4+ was located in the octahedral space of ZnCr 2 O 4 , and the formed cation vacancies at B-site of spinel promoted the sinterability. The spinel with 10 wt% TiO 2 showed the highest density which was composed of the main phase Zn(Cr, Ti) 2 O 4 and the second phase Cr 2 Ti 5 O 13. The compact spinels can resist the penetration of electrolyte and further reduce the dissolution of Zn(Cr, Ti) 2 O 4. Consequently, the corrosion rate significantly decreased from 0.028 cm·a−1 for ZnCr 2 O 4 to 0.016 cm·a−1 for 10 wt% TiO 2 added spinel. Based on the experimental analyses and ab initio thermodynamics calculations, the corrosion mechanism of the obtained spinels was revealed. The as-introduced strategy for performance synergy improvement of ZnCr 2 O 4 spinel is expected to allow successful application of new materials in the promising electrolytic cell and other severe corrosion environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MgO-stabilized nano-CaO powders were prepared with a carbon template. • The superior conversion was due to its resistance to pore-plugging and sintering. • This template was also extended to synthesize pellets by a dry-mixing route. • The pellets showed stable and high conversion and strong mechanical strength. • Simple and cost-effective synthesis route allows for large-scale application. The reversible CaO/CaCO 3 carbonation reaction (CaL) is one of the most promising candidates for high-temperature thermochemical energy storage (TCES) in concentrated solar power plants (CSP). Here, a sacrificial citric acid-based carbon template was developed to produce high-performance CaO-based sorbents to mitigate the progressive deactivation with sequential carbonation-calcination cycling. The carbon template was formed through in situ pyrolysis of citric acid in a simple heating process under nitrogen. After a secondary calcination step in air, a stable porous MgO-stabilized nano-CaO powder was generated and achieved high long-term effective conversion due to its resistance to pore plugging and sintering. By dry mixing citric acid with limestone-dolomite mixtures, this procedure can also be applied to synthesize MgO-stabilized CaO pellets via an extrusion–spheronization route, which resulted in comparably stable and effective conversion as the optimized CaO powder. Additionally, the considerable mechanical strength of MgO-stabilized CaO pellets should enable their realistic application in fluidized bed reactors. Thus, this simple, cost-effective and easily-scalable synthesis technique appears to have great potential for CSP-TCES under high temperature operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermophilic digestion usually has higher specific gas output and faster reaction rate, the temperature fluctuations of purified terephthalate (PTA) manufacturing wastewater from 45 °C to 90 °C makes PTA wastewater very suitable and favorable for thermophilic treatment. However, the startup way of thermophilic digester is very critical as unsuitable startup ways may lead to inefficiency of the system. In this study, the experimental temperatures were set at 37 °C, 43 °C and 52 °C respectively by step increase strategy in order to culture thermophilic microbial organisms involved in anaerobic TA degradation. The performance and microbial community profiles of PTA wastewater treatment system were investigated under different operational temperatures using 454-pyrosequencing approach. During the step temperature increase process, 37 °C was proved to be the most favorable operational temperature with a highest COD removal of 96.10(±1.58)%, but with undergoing 43 °C, COD removal decreased to 90.42(±2.65)%, and 52 °C seemed to be the worst as it achieved only 70.08(±5.46)% COD reduction. Step-wise temperature increase is tested not very appropriate to culture thermophilic microorganism for TA degradation as prospective. Furthermore, during startup stage, the predominant bacteria family shifted from Syntrophorhabdaceae (belonging to δ-proteobacteria) at 37 °C to Comamonadaceae (belonging to β-proteobacteria) at 43 °C and OPB95 (belonging to OP8) at 52 °C. For archaeal community, hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanobacteriaceae was predominant at all three temperatures, and it was proved to be most abundant at 37 °C compared with the other two temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Capacitor films with a thickness of only 3.8 μm were prepared using industrial-largescale processing (biaxial stretching). • The addition of COC increases the lamellar thickness and decreases the molecular chain activity of PP. • The high-temperature breakdown strength and charge/discharge properties of the blended film are significantly improved compared with that of pure BOPP film. In recent decades, enhancing the high-temperature resistance of capacitor films was a research focus, but largescale-producing high-temperature resistant films remains a difficult issue. Herein, we illustrate a series of biaxially orientated polypropylene (BOPP)/cycloolefin copolymer (COC) blended films with a thickness of 3.8 μm prepared by biaxial-stretching. The structural evolution from casting to biaxial stretching was investigated to assess the feasibility of its largescale- processing. The addition of COC improves the orientation-inducing effect of the shearing and stretching field on polypropylene (PP) crystallization, leading a notable increase in lamellar thickness. Meanwhile, the rigid COC increases the activation energy of chain segment movement and decelerates chain relaxation dynamic, thereby increasing trap depth & density to inhibit the migration of charge carriers which reduces the probability of electric breakdown at high temperature. At 120 °C, the blend films exhibited a breakdown field strength 60 % higher than that of the pure BOPP film (from 252.1 MV/m to 402.8 MV/m). When the pure BOPP film completely failed at 105 °C, the blended films still achieved 78 % discharge efficiency and an energy density of 1.31 J/cm3 at 110 °C & 450 MV/m. Coupled with device capacitance and durability, these films are expected to achieve practical industrial-scale processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the organics removal and microbial community dynamics in accordance with variable amoxicillin (AMX) concentrations, a 1.47 L expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor was designed and operated for 241 days treating with artificial antibiotic wastewater. Furthermore, microbiological community dynamics with increasing AMX concentrations were also investigated using clone libraries and the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene. AMX concentration in the reactor was controlled at 19.2 mg L −1 at first and then gradually increased to around 241.7 mg L −1 from the day 146 to 241. COD and AMX removal efficiencies reached to 85% and 80%, respectively. And T-RFLP results showed that the microbial community structure in the reactor changed with the increased AMX concentrations. Especially for bacteria, T-RFs of 486, 482, 166, 160 and 88 bp were dominant at all stages, whereas abundance of T-RFs 91, 163 and 170 bp showed remarkable changes. Besides, clone results combined with T-RFLP showed Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Cloacimonetes, Ignavibacteriae and Thermotogae were most dominant bacterial groups in the system and some geneses were also expected to be responsible for the degradation of AMX. For achaea, its community structure (T-RFs of 96, 122 bp) kept stable in all the stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Surface Cu+ on {1 1 2}-enclosed Co 3 O 4 has been demonstrated as the main active species. • This Cu+ with raised d-band center and accelerated redox process under Co-Cu interaction improved H 2 O 2 dissociation. • A degradation pathway of metronidazole was proposed. Cu-Co bimetallic catalysts show excellent performance for metronidazole (MNZ) degradation in a Fenton-like reaction, a near complete conversion was achieved. Cu doped Co 3 O 4 with {1 1 2} exposed facet has proved to promote the oxidation of Co2+ to Co3+ in Cu-CoO x. The surface Cu+ on {1 1 2}-enclosed Co 3 O 4 was identified as the main active species for the reaction and its concentration counts a lot in performance. The Cu+ with raised d-band center under Co-Cu synergistic interaction has boosted the dissociation of H 2 O 2 into •OH with stronger electron donation to H 2 O 2 and elongated O-O bond. Meanwhile, the accelerated redox process especially for Cu on the {1 1 2} facet of Co 3 O 4 with a faster electron transfer rate also contributed to the excellent performance. The optimization of operational parameters of Co 1 Cu 2 in MNZ removal with investigation of degradation pathway were also thoroughly performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This is the first example of supramolecular adhesives with long-afterglow property. • The solvent molecules act as comonomers to promote the formation of adhesives. • The adhesives show high adhesion ability to glass and tile up to 2.86 MPa. • Smart applications are demonstrated by integrating adhesion and afterglow properties. Molecular Room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials with ultralong-lived excited states have attracted extensive attention in both academia and industry. However, the soft and flexible RTP materials with facile processability are still very limited. In this work, we report the first example of supramolecular adhesives (SAs) with tunable ultralong RTP lifetime as high as 638.9 ms, based on the self-assembly of low-molecular-weight sodium m-carboxyphenylborate and solvent molecules. Interestingly, the fabricated SAs show strong adhesion performance to various substrates, especially for glass and tile. Both experimental and theoretical studies indicate that multiple intermolecular interactions (such as hydrogen-bonding, π - π interaction, and electrostatic force) efficiently promote the formation of cross-linked network structure, which helps to construct a rigid microenvironment to boost the RTP emission. Moreover, multifunctional applications including product labeling, positioning adhesion, encryption, and decoration are well-demonstrated by integrating the strong adhesion and long-afterglow properties. Therefore, this work provides an effective strategy to design and synthesize novel SAs with ultralong RTP by combining low-molecular-weight phosphors and readily available solvents, which have great practical application prospects in information safety and anti-counterfeiting fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CNSI mediated PTT with aPD-1 inhibits the growth of primary and distal tumors. • Tumor lymphatic metastasis in vivo was blocked through CNSI with NIR irradiation. • PTT and aPD-1 activate immune response inside the SLNs and inhibit lung metastasis. The development of new biomedical applications of approved drugs has several advantages in drug translation. In this study, carbon nanoparticle suspension injection (CNSI), clinically approved for lymph node tracer in China, is explored as a photothermal conversion agents for the treatment of metastatic cancer. Metastasis commonly through lymphatic circulation accounts for the principal cause of death in cancer patients. Up to now, immunotherapy has been already used clinically for metastatic cancer. However, the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment limits the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Herein, we use the photothermal effect of CNSI under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation to eliminate primary tumor and induce the immunogenic cell death (ICD). Further, CNSI under irradiation combined with aPD-1 spur immune response and inhibit the growth of distal tumors. Except for the primary tumor, phototherapy was used to treat metastatic lymph nodes synchronously, which can not only eradicate cancer cells, but also directly activate the immune response inside the lymph nodes. Combining with aPD-1 further enhance the anti-tumor effect to block lymphatic metastases and inhibit lung metastases. This study shows that the carbon nanoparticles have potential clinical application prospects for the treatment of tumor metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • i-gluten avoids potential carbon emission and environmental pollution problems during its preparation and use. • i-gluten can quickly identify dangerous movements and nuances for error correction and personalized guidance in sports. • i-gluten has good mechanical, adhesive, self-healing and biological safety. Physiological declines and inadequate safeguards expose the elderly to elevated safety risks during physical activities. We here introduce the fabrication of an ionic conductive gluten (i-gluten) through the integration of ionic liquids for smart elderly care. The orchestrated interactions among ionic liquid and peptide chains within the gluten matrix engendered remarkable properties in the resultant i-gluten , including electrical conductivity, mechanical strength (tensile strength ∼ 82.6 kPa), flexibility (stretching up to 790 %) and self-healability. Moreover, the i-gluten demonstrates exceptional strain sensing capabilities across diverse scenarios, underpinned by its robust adhesion to various substrates. The i-gluten holds great promise for addressing challenges associated with elderly physical activity monitoring. The multifaceted properties of i-gluten , including its mechanical robustness, self-healing capabilities, and biocompatibility, underscore its suitability as a versatile material for real-time exercise posture assessment, personalized guidance, and injury prevention among the elderly population. Furthermore, the demonstrated biodegradability of i-gluten offers potential solutions for sustainable e-waste disposal. Collectively, these findings illuminate the potential of i-gluten as a pivotal component in the burgeoning field of wearable electronics, fostering a synergy between technological advancements and geriatric care, while also addressing environmental concerns in electronics manufacturing and disposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Photo-thermal-magnetic three-field coupling for enhanced CO 2 photo-reduction. • Nickel foam was used as nickel source and catalyst support. • 0.01 wt% Cu/Cu 2 O/HNF exhibited the best catalytic activity and CH 4 selectivity. • The heat of the reaction system came from magnetic-thermal and photo-thermal effects. Aiming at the bottleneck of thermodynamics, kinetics and reaction systems in photothermal catalytic CO 2 reduction conversion, a three-field coupling method based on the efficient utilization of solar energy and the application of a photo-thermal-magnetic three-field was proposed to achieve efficient and highly selective CO 2 conversion. The composite monolithic catalyst with three field response functions and multiple active reaction interfaces was prepared by using photoactive copper supported by nickel foam. The effect of an external alternating magnetic field on photocatalytic CO 2 reduction was studied using a range between 0.005 and 0.1 wt% Cu/Cu 2 O/Ni(OH) 2 /NF as catalysts. The results showed that 0.01 wt% Cu/Cu 2 O/Ni(OH) 2 /NF exhibited the best catalytic activity and CH 4 selectivity under alternating magnetic field enhanced photocatalysis. The main products were CO (6.76 μmol g−1) and CH 4 (167 μmol g−1). The selectivity of CH 4 was 96.1%. The yields of CH 4 using this method were 11 and 6 times higher than the yields obtained with photocatalysis (14.58 μmol g−1) and magnetic-thermal catalysis (26.75 μmol g−1), respectively. According to the analysis of temperature measurements and electrochemical measurements, the surface temperature of the three-field coupled catalyst reaches about 230 °C. Applying an alternating magnetic field can effectively reduce the recombination of photogenerated electron holes. Alternating magnetic field enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction conversion provides a new and promising method for the efficient conversion and utilization of solar energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The Si-Li alloys contribute to the Li+ storage capacity above 0 V. • The Al-Li alloys seed the metallic nucleation for the capacity storage below 0 V. • This article confirms the Si amorphization process and mixed-conducting properties. • The competitive storage mechanism for the charge contribution is analyzed. The soaring demand for high-energy–density lithium batteries necessitates the technological innovation of anodes with high gravimetric capacity, cycling durability, and the comparable production cost as the graphite anodes. Here we report an aluminothermic method to develop the multifunctional Al-Si@AlSiO X composite for various types of battery configurations. Without additional post-treatment after the aluminothermic process, the multi-components in the composite enable the robust cyclability and high Coulombic efficiency in the full-cell prototype. Additionally, we quantitatively analyze the capacity contribution ratio from the lithium alloying and metallic plating processes in the hybrid metallic batteries; the dynamic phasic evolution analysis further confirms the mixed-conducting properties of the interconnected Li-Al alloy/LiAlSiO X network to boost the electrode kinetics. These features render the Al-Si@AlSiO X composite anode the potential use in the energy-dense metallic batteries with the average CE of higher than 99.5% (0.25 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2) and the stabilized lithium deposition amount up to 10 mAh cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • TADF hosts based on nonbenzenoid aromatic aza-azulene were synthesized. • The k RISC of 9.0 × 106 s−1 was obtained induced by aromaticity and geometry vibration. • Enhanced intra/inter-molecular interaction promotes electron coupling. • Red PhOLED with EQE > 50 % and LT 95 = 52,350 h was accessed. The fast triplet-singlet up-conversion based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules is a unique effort to improve the utilization of triplet excitons. We construct two TADF molecules using nonbenzenoid aromatic aza-azulene as donor and triazine as acceptor. The distortion structural resonance of aza-azulene enhances the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process, resulting in efficient inter/intramolecular charge transfer (CT) emission. The rate constant of RISC (k RISC) is 9.0 × 106 and 8.4 × 106 s−1 in solid states. Efficient Förster Energy Transfer (FRET) and/or Dexter Energy Transfer (DET) between these molecules and dopants make them suitable host materials to improve the performances of red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Especially, the top-emitting device achieves an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 51.3% and a current efficiency of 68.2 cd/A at 1000 cd m−2 with a long device lifetime of LT 95 = 52,350 and LT 50 = 536,200 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The monolithic photocatalyst based on titanium foam was prepared. • The dual cocatalyst enables better charge transfer and separation efficiency. • CO 2 reduction into CH 4 in a concentrated solar reactor. • Photo-thermal coupling effect improves the conversion efficiency of solar energy. This study is dedicated to solving the problems of low energy utilization and low yield in the conventional photocatalytic CO 2 reduction process. Herein, we constructed a novel concentrated solar (light) reactor and enabled the titanium foam-based monolithic photocatalyst TF@TNT/0.4CoO x -0.1CuO to improve the solar energy utilization efficiency and CO 2 conversion rate by concentrating light and its thermal effect. We found that the yield of CH 4 increased up to 220 times (from 0.53 µmol/cm2 to 116.4 µmol/cm2) when the light intensity of the reactor was increased from 400 mW/cm2 to 4266 mW/cm2 (10.6 times). Meanwhile, the solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency was improved up to 0.35% in the concentrated solar (light) reactor. We further investigated the origin of the photothermal coupling effect with concentrated light through the electrochemical and photochemical measurements. It shows that the concentrated light can further lower the reaction barrier (from 41.62 to 31.51 kJ/mol) and the induced photothermal coupling effect could significantly increase the yield. This provides a valuable strategy for the efficient and environmentally friendly utilization of CO 2 using solar energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The two- and three-photon absorption cross-section of AIEgen was highly enhanced by the nanocrystallization strategy. • DPTA-BT NCs exhibited satisfactory biosafety. • A 1900 μm imaging depth of brain vasculature after craniotomy was achieved. • A 765 μm imaging depth through the intact skull was achieved. The latest requirement of optical imaging is to visualize vital, thick, and complex biological tissues in real-time and minimum-invasive mode. Among diverse available diagnostic tools, multi-photon imaging (MPI) with long wavelength excitation and exceptional lateral resolution has been a perfect option. However, the existing palette of MPI contrast agents either suffers from sub-optimal imaging performance or non-negligible risk in biosafety, exploration of suitable probes is thus of great significance. To address these concerns, in this work, pure organic nanocrystals (NCs) were developed based on aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) (DPTA-BT) with an ultrasound-assisted method. Compared to the amorphous DPTA-BT nanoparticles (NPs), NCs with orderly arranged molecules exhibited highly enhanced nonlinear optical signals, including up to 15.35 folds of two-photon action cross-section (2PACS) and up to 4.11 folds of three-photon action cross-section (3PACS). The combination of MPI and DPTA-BT NCs has contributed to a 1900 μm imaging depth of vasculature after craniotomy and a 765 μm imaging depth through the intact skull. The safe use of DPTA-BT NCs was verified by the in vitro and in vivo biosafety assessment. This work is thus expected to encourage more innovation in the development of organic contrast agents for MPI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Controlled Mn 3 O 4 hollow polyhedron with average size of 1 μm was successfully synthetized via one-step hydrothermal method, followed by coated with carbon layer on the surface of the polyhedron using dopamine as carbon source to form the hollow core–shell structured Mn 3 O 4 @C composites. The unique morphology and strong structure effectively enhanced the cycling stability of electrode materials. The electrochemical results show that the as-prepared Mn 3 O 4 @C composite exhibits outstanding electrochemical lithium storage properties with high initial discharge capacity of 2057.1 mAhg −1 and a superior cycling performance that could maintain about 885.5 mAhg −1 after 200 cycles at a 100 mAg −1 current density. These promising results demonstrate that the Mn 3 O 4 @C composite could be promising LIBs anode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high energy lithium-sulfur batteries have received more attention for next-generation energy storage; however, low conductivity of the sulfur cathode and shuttle of polysulfides still limit the utilization of sulfur. To optimizing sulfur utilization and improving the cycling lifespan of Li-S cells, we report a three-dimensional hierarchical porous N-doped graphene (NG) assisted sulfur cathode and its coated separator for high performance of Li-S batteries. In particular, the formation of the novel 3D structure is inspired from the combination of active hydrothermal releasing gas and cohesive action from in situ polymerization of pyrrole. The as prepared 3D N-doped graphene/S composite containing 75 wt% sulfur delivers reversible capacity of 582.7 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 C with capacity retention rate of 79.5%. The as-developed 3D N-doped graphene coated on separator as an interlayer could not only enhance the charge-transfer network of cathode but also protect the Li anode from been destroyed. The interlayer cell confirmed enhanced the cycling performance with reversible capacity of 851.8 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 C and retain 88.7% of its maximum discharging capacity (666.8 mAh g −1 ) after 300 cycles at 0.5 C, suggesting potential strategy to tackle the fundamental challenges underlying high sulfur loading Li-S batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Electron tunning switched the radical-based degradation into nonradical pathways. • N/S co-doped magnetic biochar exhibited excellent stability and reusability. • 1O 2 -based nonradical degradation guaranteed lower toxicity of intermediates. A cheap and recyclable biochar catalyst to degrade antibiotics via a nonradicals-dominated peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation process has attracted extensive attention due to environmental and economic feasibility. However, the mechanism and active sites are unclear, because of the more amorphous structure of biochar compared to the regular nano-carbon. This hinders the rational design of magnetic biochar for a stable and harmless nonradical degradation. Herein, based on magnetic chitosan-derived biochar (CSIN), N and S co-doping strategy was introduced for the rational electron design to achieve a transition from free radicals to nonradicals during the degradation. After modification, the nonradical pathway contributed 93.97% on tetracycline (TC) degradation with 1O 2 as major species, resulting in 41.24% more degradation performance than pristine CSIN. Moreover, it also ensured broad pH applicability, strong environment stability, and cycling reliability during TC degradation. The intermediates produced by 1O 2 attacks have significantly lower toxicity than those of free radicals. Therefore, this work serves as an illustration for biochar design used in market-responsive antibiotic degradation, encouraging new insights for the function-oriented catalyst design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Nitrogen and COD removal performance were well obtained with COD/N ratio of 0.63. • The anammox coupled with DNRA pathway was main reason for SAA increase. • The acetate was mainly used by AnAOB with functional genes ADP-acs and AMP-acs. • The propionate stimulated the enrichment of DB. In current study, the underlying mechanism of coupling dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) pathway with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process was explored through metagenomics sequencing analysis in an anammox granular system treating pharmaceutical wastewater under varying COD/N ratios. It was found that average NH 4 +-N and NO 2 --N concentration in effluent was stabled around 2.89 ± 2.53 and 14.23 ± 9.23 mg L-1 with nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) increase to 85.3% when influent COD/N ratio was around 0.63. Besides, metagenomics sequencing analysis revealed that different COD/N ratios significantly influenced the abundances of functional nitrogen and carbon metabolic genes and microbial community succession. The low COD/N ratio strengthened DNRA pathway in Ca. Kuenenia_stuttgartiensis , as well as the abundance of functional gene nrf. The abundance of the genes encoding acetate degradation, for example, AMP-acs , ADP-acs and AckA increased, suggesting the acetate could stimulate the multiple carbon metabolic potentials of AnAOB. On the contrary, the genes encoding for propionate metabolism were enriched in denitrification bacteria. Our findings revealed the new insight into the mixotrophic characteristic of AnAOB which might help widen engineering application of anammox proocess in various industrial wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Working states can be monitored through chromatic transition of the EAS. • The EAS has good environment suitability and can stable work at −20 °C ∼ 60 °C. • The EAS possesses high energy storage capacity and excellent cycle stability. • The EAS has superior anti-self-discharge performance at various temperatures. Electrochromic asymmetric supercapacitors (EASs) have attracted tremendous attention in recent years because of their potential for next-generation civilian portable and intelligent electronics. However, obtaining all-solid-state EASs with low self-discharge rates and outstanding environmental compatibility remains a crucial challenge. Herein, a high-performance all-solid-state EAS was fabricated based on MnO 2 positive electrochromic electrode and WO 3 negative electrochromic electrode. The obtained EAS exhibits high power/energy density (991.2 W kg−1/117 Wh kg−1 and 15840 W kg−1/44.3 Wh kg−1), superior electrochemical cycle-life (remains 98.4% of its initial capacity after 2000 continuous cycles even at 60 °C). Significantly, the fabricated EAS can still maintain a stable and reversible color change even in harsh environments where operating temperatures are constantly changing from −20 °C to 60 °C. In addition, the underlying self-discharge process and mechanisms of EASs were comprehensively demonstrated at various temperatures. The diffusion-controlled mechanism dominates in the initial discharging process at high working temperatures (such as 60 °C), while both charge redistribution and diffusion-controlled mechanism contribute equally at lower operating temperatures (such as −20 °C). Impressively, the EAS presents a small voltage loss (all below 18%) within 10 h when operated at extreme temperatures. This work can enlighten and promote the development of low self-discharge electrochromic devices at widely operating temperatures for efficient energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fabrication of luminescent polymeric nanoparticles with aggregation induced emission (AIE) properties has been extensively investigated in recent years for their distinct optical properties, biocompatibility and designability. Although a number of AIE-active nanoparticles have been fabricated previously, the AIE-active nanoprobes based on carbohydrate polymers have received only limited attention. In this work, we reported for the first time that AIE-active organic nanoparticles could be prepared via a facile one-step strategy. To fabricate these AIE-active nanoparticles, the AIE dye 9,10-bis (divinylphenylboronic acid) anthracene (An-B(OH) 2 ) terminated with phenylboronic acid was synthesized using anthracene as core chemical structure. After mixing with the An-B(OH) 2 and dextran, the resultant products (An-Dex) can be obtained through formation of phenyl borate in aqueous solution, air atmosphere and under room temperature. The intermediates and An-Dex were characterized by a series of characterization techniques including 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. To further explore the biomedical applications of these glycosylated AIE-active nanoparticles, cell viability as well as cell imaging performance of An-Dex nanoparticles was also examined. We demonstrated that An-Dex nanoparticles showed strong fluorescent intensity, great water dispersibility and excellent biocompatibility. More importantly, it is well known that phenyl borate is a dynamic bond, which can potentially response to the pH and glucose. Therefore, the resultant AIE-active probes should be promising candidates for different biomedical applications such as biological imaging and controlled drug delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silica nanoparticles (SiO 2 NPs) have currently drawn great attention for various biomedical applications because of their outstanding physicochemical properties such as desirable biocompatibility, chemical inert and multifunctional potential. However, to achieve the optimal performance, surface modification of SiO 2 NPs with other components is generally required. In this work, we reported a facile one-step biomimetic strategy for surface modification of SiO 2 NPs with synthetic polymers. The hydrophilic polymers (poly(PEGMA-IA-DA)) were synthesized based on free radical polymerization of polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and itaconic anhydride (IA). Then dopamine hydrochloride (DA) was reacted with the pendant IA of poly(PEGMA-IA-DA) by ring opening reaction. Taken advantage of the adhesion of DA, these synthetic polymers can effectively coat on SiO 2 NPs in aqueous solution at room temperature and without using any toxic agents. On the other hand, therapeutic agents such as cisplatin (DDP) can be loaded on SiO 2 -poly(PEGMA-IA-DA) with high efficiency and showed controlled release kinetics because a large number of carboxyl groups were generated during the ring opening reaction. The results showed that SiO 2 -poly(PEGMA-IA-DA) displayed high water dispersibility, low cytotoxicity and controllable drug loading and release behavior, making them promising for multifunctional biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Site-selective loading of Pt and CoO x cocatalysts for enhanced CO 2 photoreduction. • Nitrogen-doping was used to introduce and further stabilize oxygen vacancies. • Theoretical calculation simulated the inductive effect of oxygen vacancies. • Well-designed structure was good for the separation of photogenerated carriers. • 0.25 wt% Pt/0.5 wt% CoO x /N-TiO 2 exhibited the best photocatalytic activity. Photocatalysis provides an attractive approach to convert CO 2 into valuable fuels, which yet highly relies on a well-designed photocatalyst with good selectivity and high CO 2 reduction ability. Herein, we report a mild synthesis of mesoporous spherical N-doped TiO 2 photocatalyst with site-selective deposition of redox cocatalysts. Theoretical calculations prove that nitrogen doping favors the formation of oxygen vacancies (V O) in TiO 2 and stabilizes them as well. The combination of ESR characterization, theoretical calculation and photocatalytic tests confirms V O -induced site-selective loading of the redox cocatalysts (Pt, CoO x). The designed composite shows a maximal CH 4 -yielding rate of 409.17 μmol g−1, which is 180 times higher than that of pure TiO 2. Photoelectrochemical and optical measurements indicate that Pt is the key active center for CO 2 adsorption and activation, while CoO x is responsible for H 2 O oxidization and proton transfer. The separation of reaction site and accelerated mass transfer on the catalyst surface largely enhance the conversion efficiency of CO 2. This work provides a strategy to selectively deposit dual cocatalysts on semiconductor surface through introduction of oxygen vacancies for substantially improved photocatalytic reduction of CO 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Four bipolar molecules were designed and synthesized for accessing exciplex and electroplex host systems. • Highly efficient green PhOLED with EQE max of 29.9% was achieved. • Extremely small efficiency roll-offs (1.3% at 1,000 cd m−2; 5.4% at 5,000 cd m−2) were obtained. Host materials are of great significance to achieve high-performance host–guest organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) through restraining the exciton annihilation in the emissive layer. Herein, four bipolar molecules bearing benzothienocarbazole (BTCz)/benzothienocarboline (BTCb) and benzimidazole (Bi) moieties were designed and synthesized. Using them as hosts, green phosphorescent OLEDs (PhOLEDs) with maximum current efficiency (CE max) of 90.8 cd A−1, power efficiency (PE max) of 76.5 lm W−1, and external quantum efficiency (EQE max) of 27.9% were obtained. More importantly, it was found that these four molecules could be used as electron-donating materials to interact with electron-accepting triazine derivatives to form electroplexes. Employing these electroplexes as hosts, highly efficient green PhOLEDs with CE max of 104.4 cd A−1, PE max of 85.1 lm W−1, EQE max of 29.9%, and extremely small efficiency roll-offs (EQE = 29.5%, 1.3% roll-off at 1,000 cd m−2; EQE = 28.3%, 5.4% roll-off at 5,000 cd m−2) were achieved. The excellent device performances fully exhibit the promising potential of electroplexes as hosts for high-performing OLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NCP/LDO@CNT composite is fabricated as electrodes for supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries, demonstrating unexpected electrochemical performance. [Display omitted] • The lithiation reaction and metallicity of NiCoP is theoretically studied. • NiCoP/LDO heterostructure is fabricated with numerous interior nanopores. • A small amount of CNT leads to dispersed NCP/LDO for easy charge transfer. • Effective energy storage for supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries. • Increased ion diffusion coefficient is revealed ensuring high capacities. The bimetallic phosphide NiCoP has been reported with promising electrochemical performance for batteries and supercapacitors. In this work, the lithiation reaction of NiCoP is theoretically proved to be spontaneous, and the metallicity of NiCoP is revealed both before and after lithiation. This provides advantageous features for NiCoP to be applied as potential electrode materials, especially for lithium ion batteries. Then, a NiCo-phosphide/NiCo-layered double oxide–carbon nanotube (NCP/LDO-CNT) composite is synthesized via low-temperature phosphorization of NiCo-LDO-CNT that is derived from nickel-cobalt glycolates-CNT (NiCo-EG-CNT). The small amount of CNTs successfully prevents the self-assembly of NiCo-LDO nanosheets into nanoflowers, leading to dispersed NCP/LDO sheets in the CNT framework with high electron conduction effect. At the same time, the pre-calcination of NiCo-EG before phosphorization is also proved necessary to create a large amount of nanopores in the resultant NCP/LDO sheets, which endures high electrochemical reactions activities, rapid lithium ion diffusion and gradually increased capacities during long cycling. The NCP/LDO-CNT composite shows promising potential as a bifunctional material, which delivers a specific capacitance of 1888F g−1 as the positive electrode material for supercapacitors, and a reversible specific capacity of 901.2 mAh g−1 as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries, both higher than that of NCP (NiCo-phosphide), NCP/LDO (NiCo-phosphide/LDO) and commercial electrodes. An asymmetric supercapacitors assembled with NCP/LDO-CNT and activated carbon can reach a high energy density of 21.3 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 748.5 W kg−1 and unexceptionable electrochemical cycling stability with a high capacitance retention of 117.4% after 4500 cycles. As a bifunctional material, NCP/LDO-CNT has a potential application prospect in lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors, as well as catalysis and fuel cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The unsaturated O introduced by Fe–O bonds enable improved Li-ion adsorption. • Fe-Ti 3 C 2 T x exhibits enhanced capacity of 418.8 mAh g−1 than pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x. • The introduction of Fe in Ti 3 C 2 T x was confirmed by XPS and XAS techniques. Chemical bonding has been regarded as an effective modification strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of MXenes for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the in-depth mechanism, especially concentrating on the regulation of chemical bond, is rarely explored. Herein, we design an atomically dispersed Fe in Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene (Fe-Ti 3 C 2 T x) by a doping route and the underlying mechanism of high-capacity LIBs is comprehensively investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that unsaturated O coordination can be induced by electron transfer on Fe–O bond, which enables improved Li-ion adsorption on the surface of Fe-Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheet during charge/discharge process. The experimental observations from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirm the successful introduction of Fe atoms into intrinsic structure of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene, and the X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data verify the electron transfer of Fe–O bond. Moreover, Fe-Ti 3 C 2 T x electrode exhibits greatly enhanced electrochemical performance (564.9 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 under −10 °C), surpassing that of pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x (77 mAh g−1). The cycling stability of Fe-Ti 3 C 2 T x over 500 cycles (418.8 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 under −10 °C). This work is expected to provide a guideline to develop brand-new MXene-based electrode materials with high-capacity for energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Antimicrobial coating was synthesized via iCVD of fluorinated and cationic polymer. • The coating endowed polyester textile with hydrophobicity and oleophobicity. • The coating inactivated drug-resistant bacteria and lentivirus. The ongoing pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus has turned out to be one of the biggest threats to the world, and the increase of drug-resistant bacterial strains also threatens the human health. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel anti-infective materials with broad-spectrum anti-pathogenic activity. In the present study, a fluorinated polycationic coating was synthesized on a hydrophilic and negatively charged polyester textile via one-step initiated chemical vapor deposition of poly(dimethyl amino methyl styrene- co -1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate) (P(DMAMS- co -PFDA), PDP). The surface characterization results of SEM, FTIR, and EDX demonstrated the successful synthesis of PDP coating. Contact angle analysis revealed that PDP coating endowed the polyester textile with the hydrophobicity against the attachment of different aqueous foulants such as blood, coffee, and milk, as well as the oleophobicity against paraffin oil. Zeta potential analysis demonstrated that the PDP coating enabled a transformation of negative charge to positive charge on the surface of polyester textile. The PDP coating exhibited excellent contact-killing activity against both gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , with the killing efficiency of approximate 99.9%. In addition, the antiviral capacity of PDP was determined by a green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression-based method using lentivirus-EGFP as a virus model. The PDP coating inactivated the negatively charged lentivirus-EGFP effectively. Moreover, the coating showed good biocompatibility toward mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. All the above properties demonstrated that PDP would be a promising anti-pathogenic polymeric coating with wide applications in medicine, hygiene, hospital, etc., to control the bacterial and viral transmission and infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Side-by-side electrospraying with an unsolidifiable solution was employed to generate Janus nanoparticles. • A simple and robust fabric nano-finishing method was developed via electrospraying. • Epoxy resin was exploited to bond TiO 2 -PVDF particles on the fabric surface. • The finished fabrics have potent multiple-functional performances. There is great market demand for fabrics equipped with multiple functionalities. However, most methods to impart these properties to a pristine fabric are complicated, time-consuming, and expensive. In this work, Janus particles with one side comprising TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs)-PVDF (poly (vinylidene fluoride)) and the other an epoxy resin (TPE) were deposited on a fabric surface. The aim was to endow the fabric with the superhydrophobic, UV resistance, and antimicrobial properties. The Janus particles were firmly attached to the fabrics through the adhesion effects of the epoxy resin. Characterization by XRD, SEM, EDX, and FTIR verified the successful finishing of the fabric with TPE particles. The ultraviolet protection factor increased from 7.86 for the pristine fabric to 733 after finishing. The finished fabric also exhibited superhydrophobic properties, with a water contact angle of 152°. Further, the coating of the fabric did not hamper its gas permeability. Potent antibacterial properties against E. coli were observed owing to the antibacterial properties of TiO 2 under pre-irradiation by UV light. The protocols reported here provide a new platform for the nano-finishing of fabrics, allowing new functions to be imparted without compromising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Fe2+/O 2 /dithionite system was established to degrade organic pollutants. • Reactive species including SO 4 ·- and · OH were involved in Fe2+/O 2 /DTN system. • FeSO 3 +, precursor of SO 4 ·-, was mainly generated from Fe2+ reacting with HSO 3 -. • Fe2+/O 2 /DTN has the potential for organic micro-pollution control. The sulfate radical advanced oxidation process is considered as one of the most effective technologies for refractory organic pollutant removal. However, the current sulfate radical generation source is very limited, and so far only peroxydisulfate, peroxymonosulfate and sulfite were reported as the generation sources. In this study, dithionite (DTN) was introduced as sulfate radical generation source for the first time. It was combined with Fe2+ and O 2 to form a simple and effective oxidation system: Fe2+/O 2 /DTN. The established system was used to degrade atrazine (ATZ). The degradation pathways of ATZ and generation mechanism of dominant reactive species in Fe2+/O 2 /DTN system were investigated. The results showed that ATZ and the total organic carbon (TOC) have been significantly reduced in 20 min with the initial solution pH varying from 5.0 to 7.0 in Fe2+/O 2 /DTN system. Moreover, the possible degradation pathway of ATZ has been proposed involving dealkylation, dechlorination, carbonylation and hydroxylation. Primary radical identification through quenching experiments, ESR spectra and density functional theory (DFT) revealed the existence of sulfate radical (SO 4 ·-) and hydroxyl radical (· OH) in the system. It is suspected that FeSO 3 + is the possible precursor of SO 3 ·- and SO 4 ·-. Therefore, the generation of FeSO 3 + and the possible formation pathways of SO 3 ·- and SO 4 ·- have been predicted based on the results of alternating reaction atmosphere test. The study indicates that Fe2+/O 2 /DTN system could generate SO 4 ·- and has great potential for the remediation of organic micro-pollution water bodies and contaminated soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Self-supported Cu@Cu 2+1 O@Co 3 O 4 for bifunctional Li-ion storage and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution. • Multi-dimensional architecture is fabricated via in-situ oxidation-electrodeposition-annealing treatment. • Significant synergy effects enable commendable Li-ion storage performance. • Prominent activity, stability and durability are achieved as OER electrocatalyst. Here, we propose a multi-dimensionally hierarchical self-supported Cu@Cu 2+1 O@Co 3 O 4 heterostructure as superior bifunctional material for lithium-ion storage and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution via rapid in-situ oxidation-electrodeposition-annealing treatment. The 3/1/2-dimensional hybridization heterostructure rationally organized by three-dimensional Cu foam, one-dimensional Cu 2+1 O nanowires and two-dimensional Co 3 O 4 nanosheets achieves remarkable synergistic interactions. In brief, the free-standing Cu foam framework enables remarkable structure robustness, electronic conductivity and electrolyte infiltration. Meanwhile, the in-situ grown Cu 2+1 O nanowires with excess metal defects indeed provide certain activity, effectively adjust the size and distribution of anchored Co 3 O 4 nanosheets and dramatically shorten the diffusion pathway of ions and electrons. Moreover, the constructed interfaces between Cu 2+1 O and Co 3 O 4 further yield sufficient electrochemically active surface area. In consequence, Cu@Cu 2+1 O@Co 3 O 4 heterostructure delivers superior lithium-ion storage capacity and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity. Specifically, a prominent and stable discharge capacity of 1090 mAh g−1 can be delivered after 200 cycles at 500 mA g−1. Even when the current density is elevated to 5000 mA g−1, remarkable discharge capacity of 601 mAh g−1 still can be yielded. As for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity, Cu@Cu 2+1 O@Co 3 O 4 heterostructure demonstrates a particularly low overpotential of 223 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and Tafel slope of 46.3 mV dec−1. This strategy may enlighten the researchers on the further development of electrochemically active materials for advanced electrode and catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Copolymerization contributes to an injectable, self-fused and antifouling poly(N -acryloyl glycinamide)-based hydrogel. • The hydrogel demonstrates a marvelous ability to prevent postoperative adhesion and recurrent adhesion. • Unravelling the mechanism underlying the hydrogel's excellent anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect. Abdominal adhesions is a type of serious complication of abdominal surgery. Existing barrier hydrogels are severely limited in the prevention of adhesions due to their poor controllability and long retention time in vivo. Here, we fabricate a supramolecular hydrogel (PNAGA-PHPMA) by copolymerization of N -acryloyl glycinamide (NAGA), a hydrogen bonding monomer, and highly hydrophilic N -(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA). The injectable PNAGA-PHPMA hydrogel cross-linked by reversible hydrogen bonds exhibits tunable rheological properties, preferable self-fused ability governed by H-bonds, excellent antifouling capability, and on-demand retention time in vivo. Squeezed out of a syringe to the abdominal cavity, the fragmented gel piece self-fused into an intact hydrogel, thus demonstrating an efficient inhibitory effect on postoperative abdominal adhesions and recurrent adhesions after adhesiolysis. The molecular mechanism studies reveal that the hydrogel significantly downregulates fibrosis-related cytokines (TGF-β1 and Fibrinogen) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), regulates the fibrinolytic system balance (t-PA and PAI-1), and inhibits the activity of Erk1/2 and p38 kinase in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, thereby showing an excellent anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect. This injectable and antifouling self-fused supramolecular hydrogel has a profound clinical significance for the prevention of postoperative adhesions and recurrent adhesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]