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• An mathematical model for crude oil pipeline design is developed. • Hydraulic and thermal energy consumption are evaluated in the model. • Two cases are studied to verify the effectiveness of the model. • The energy consumption and CO 2 emission are estimated and analysed. The oil and gas industry has paid increasing attention to energy consumption and is taking steps to reduce emissions owing to growing environmental concerns. In this study, a method for designing the optimization of crude oil pipelines is proposed to achieve both construction and energy consumption cost reductions. The method applied in this study is derived from a mathematical programming model with minimal annual construction depreciation cost and energy consumption cost as the objective functions. The model aims to determine the size of the pipeline, as well as the location and operational plan of each station. The hydraulic and thermal calculations, the relationship between viscosity and temperature, and the uncertainty of the flow rate are all included to ensure that the model satisfies all engineering demands. In terms of its application, the constructed model has been applied to two real cases to verify its effectiveness and potential to achieve energy conservation. Moreover, the energy consumption and CO 2 emission were estimated and analyzed with varying electricity and fuel prices, as well as varying flow rate. The results demonstrate that the construction plan is not affected by the price of electricity, while fuel prices and flow rates are the main factors influencing both the construction and operational plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A discrete-time MOMILP model for pump scheduling of products pipelines is built. • Various factors about pump operation are considered comprehensively in the model. • A two-stage strategy is adopted to deal with the proposed model. • Two cases from a products pipeline system in China illuminate model's practicability. As one of the major means to link refineries to local markets, pipelines are crucial for refined oil supply chains. Pump scheduling is vital to optimally operate the refined products pipelines. Existing studies mostly quantified the number of pump stop/restart in the form of cost, whereas the cost coefficient was often subjectively selected. The present study built a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MOMILP) model for refined products pipelines to minimize the number of pump stop/restart and reduce the pump running cost simultaneously. In this study, the minimum continuous running time of pumps, changing electricity price (i.e., time-changing electricity price and local electricity) and the pressure limits of special points were considered meticulously, e.g. high-elevation points, low-elevation points and pump stations. In the first stage, the improved augmented ε-constraint method (AUGMECON) was adopted to deal with this model, and obtained a seris of pump operating schemes, acting as a Pareto set. Then the results of the AUGMECON were evaluated by an established evaluation model based on neural network. Finally, two cases from a refined products pipeline system in China were employed to verify the practicability and accuracy of the proposed model. The results of this study can effectively guide the pump scheduling of refined products pipelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• An MILP model for DOSC planning is developed. • Distribution plan and new pipeline route plan are optimized simultaneously. • Refined oil transportation from SDs to SDs is considered. • A real-world application of DOSC planning in China is studied. The planning of downstream oil supply chains (DOSCs) is important to guarantee that the demand of retail markets (RMs) can be satisfied. As an economic method for refined oil transport, pipelines are widely used in many DOSCs. The distribution cost can be reduced, and the efficiency can be improved by constructing new pipelines in a DOSC. In this paper, an MILP model that optimises a DOSC with new pipeline route planning is developed. Constraints for refined oil distribution and pipeline route planning are proposed. The model also considers the transport between storage depots (SDs) and makes it practical for the real-world application of a DOSC in China. Based on the current DOSC, the routes of new pipelines and supply chain planning after new pipeline construction can be obtained. This method is applied to a real DOSC case in China, and two situations are analysed. This method can also help decision makers conduct optimal pipeline route planning and create distribution plans for other DOSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]