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Fuzzy theory and Bayesian network theory were based on the fault tree. The fault tree analysis method improved the fault analysis to obtain number of event's exact problem. Considering the characteristics of the fuzzy risk analysis at the same time, it also solved the problem of scale fault analysis modeling. The theory is applied to the cost of construction shield tunnel risk analysis, floating shield tunnel segments, dislocation of failure risk analysis and deep station foundation construction risk analysis. By security risk identification and evaluation process, it can be improved to subway construction process of deep foundation pit hazard anticipation. Before construction accidents to avoid and resolve security risks, thereby improving overall system safety performance. Based on this, the paper depth study the theory and methods of security risk identification and security risk assessment, further enrich the security risk management theory, and put forward to deal with the security risk response countermeasures.