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Graphical abstract Highlights • Novel self-heating hydrogen sensor fabricated from zinc oxides nanorods on indium tin oxides. • Possess dual gas sensing capability based on resistance and temperature change. • Detection limit as low as 10 ppm in air. • Facile operation with mechanically-loaded contact electrodes. Abstract A novel self-heating hydrogen gas sensor based on zinc oxide nanorods coated on indium tin oxide was fabricated. This sensor utilizes Joule heating effect of indium tin oxide to generate heat, while ZnO acts as a variable resistor to regulate the amount of electric current that passes through indium tin oxide layer upon exposure to oxygen and hydrogen gas. The gas sensor was capable of detecting very low concentration of H 2 in air. Hence, for the first time, a new way of gas detection based on sensor temperature variation as the sensing mode was demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]