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The review summarizes the literatures dealing with the synthesis of thiosemicarbazone derivatives, chemical reactions and their applications in the synthesis of important heterocyclic as well as fused heterocyclic compounds J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).

In a multistep reaction, indeno[2,1-e][1,3,4]oxadiazine-9-one, oxoindeno[1,2-c]- pyrazolecarbothioamide, (thioxo-1,2,4-triazaspiro[4.5]decadienylidene)malononitrile and spiro-(fluorine-9,3'-[1,2,4]triazoline)-5'-thione derivatives have been formed from a series of (substituted ylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamides la-e with (1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylidene)propanedinitrile, 7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodimethane and (2,4,7-trinitro-9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)propanedinitrile in aerated pyridine. Rationales of these conversions involving the nucleophilic reactions, condensation, dehydrogenation and oxidation are presented.

Substituted thiosemicarbazones 7a–e reacted with ethenetetracarbonitrile (TCNE) in ethyl acetate with formation of 5-amino-3-(substituted ben-zylidene-amino)-2-phenylimino-2,3-dihydrothiazole-4-carbonitrile 8a–e 2-amino-6-phenyl-imino-1,6- dihydropyrrolo[1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-carbonitrile 9, and phenyl-(5-{substituted phenyl}-3H-[1,3,4]thiadiazole-2-ylidene)amines 10a–e. Rationales for the observed conversations are presented. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 17:261–266, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20198