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The cyclization of the derivatives of 3-aminotriazole, 2-(5-substituted 4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylamino)-1-arylethanones and 2-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)-1-arylethanones to yield 6-aryl-4H-imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazoles and 6-aryl-thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazoles has been described.

via Michael addition of malononitrile (II) to iminoalkylated chalcones (I) under Vilsmeier-Haack reaction conditions

A new method of generating the fused heterocyclic system with bridgehead nitrogen, triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine, from 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and unsaturated halo acids has been described.

A simple, efficient, economic and environmentally friendly method for the Ullmann condensation of substituted benzoic acids with amines furnishing anthranilic acid derivatives such as (III), (V) and (VII) (16 examples in all) is developed.

Reaction of triazolyl-substituted amides with paraformaldehyde generates hydroxymethyl intermediates which undergo direct cyclization to pharmacologically important thiomorpholinones in fair yields.

5-Aroyl-6-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3-pyridinecarbonitriles and 5-aroyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3-pyridinecarbonitriles are synthesized effectively by the reaction of 2-aroyl-3,3-bis(alkylsulfanyl)acrylaldehydes and cyanoacetamide under two different conditions.